ВЛИЯНИЕ ОТЕЧЕСТВЕННЫХ И ЗАРУБЕЖНЫХ БЫКОВ-ПРОИЗВОДИТЕЛЕЙ АЙРШИРСКОЙ ПОРОДЫ НА ПРОДУКТИВНОЕ ДОЛГОЛЕТИЕ СТАДА

Abstract

An increase in milk production both in Russia and in the Vologda Oblast is possible due to an increase in the number of livestock, an increase in the productivity of cows and a focus on breeding. Long-term breeding to increase livestock productivity has led to a deterioration in the duration of economic use of cows. The problem of long-term use of cows is still relevant. The presented studies were carried out on the livestock of cattle, a pedigree farm in the Vologda Oblast for the breeding of Ayrshire breed, which has been eliminated over the past three years. The power coefficients of the influence of bulls for breeding on the age of retirement of daughters in lactations were determined using one-way analysis of variance. A high degree of strength of the influence of the “bull” factor on the duration of economic use of the offspring, which is in domestic breeding animals (η2 = 0.48), foreign breeding (η2 = 0.42) at (P≤0.001), is established. A comparative analysis of the bulls used for the lifelong productivity of their daughters was carried out and the best producers were determined taking into account the selection. The descendants of the bulls are distinguished by the greatest indicators of the retirement age (more than 6 lactations): Akorda 741, Admiral 10351, Glorious 1366 domestic selection. They lead in the number of milking days (up to 2342) for the entire period of economic use, life-long milk yield (up to 57309 kg) and fat (up to 2560 kg). Among producers of foreign breeding, daughters of bulls Lorvi 147, Onni 127, Vertti 90181 are characterized by high rates of retirement age (more than 4.8 lactations).Thus, to increase the productive longevity of the herd, it is necessary to consolidate the bulls that have the greatest positive impact on the performance of daughters, taking into account breeding.