Применение иммуногенетического метода и статистического анализа в характеристике популяций овец романовской породы

Abstract

The article is devoted to the development and application of a combined method for determining genotypes and alleles in complex blood group systems in sheep (A, B, C, M). To establish genotypes and alleles in complex systems, we used the combined method we developed with the implementation of the formula of Bernstain F. (1924) in the Microsoft Office Excel (2003) computer program. In total, the experiment used materials obtained from 586 Romanov breed sheep from 5 regions of the Russian Federation (Republic of Bashkortostan, Voronezh region, Smolensk region, Tambov region, Yaroslavl region). In diallelic loci (R, D, I), the determination of genetic structures was carried out using a formula obtained on the basis of the Hardy–Weinberg law. It has been established that 7 blood group systems in Romanov breed sheep (A, B, C, M, D) are open. The exception were two diallelic loci (R, I), in which the study of the allele type was carried out based on the phenomenon of epistasis, when the recessive Ii/i genotype of the I system suppresses the manifestation of antigens, genotypes and alleles of the R system. Based on the data obtained, the level of heterozygosity was determined, which is a measure of assessing biodiversity in the studied populations of Romanov breed sheep. A cluster analysis of 12 blood group systems in 7 populations of the Romanov breed of sheep showed the relationships between them. The resulting dendrogram is a reflection of the results of the research. The possibilities of using the statistical method in order to identify specific characteristics in VII blood group systems in Romanov breed sheep are revealed.