Abstract
The purpose was to study the features of adaptation in the neonatal period and the health status in early childhood of late premature newborns. Material and methods. An analysis was carried out of 267 cases of premature babies born at 34–36 weeks of gestation and 211 outpatient records during their follow-up observation from 2021 to 2023 at Children’s Hospital No. 1 in Kazan. Results. The most common causes of adaptation disorders in late premature infants were respiratory disorders, hyperbilirubinemia, infections, and hypoxic-ischemic lesions of the central nervous system. In the first year of life, the incidence of acute lower respiratory tract infections was observed in 22% of patients, neurological abnormalities in 36%, and decreased physical development in 31% of late premature infants. Conclusion. Morpho-functional immaturity and disturbances in the adaptation period lead to a decrease in the protective and adaptive reactions of premature infants with a gestation period of 34–36 weeks in the early age.
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