Ярослав (Павло) Нємец: помолог та освітянин — забуті сторінки чесько-української історії (до 180-річчя від дня народження)

Abstract

Goal. To conduct a scientific-historical analysis of the life and creative ways of Ya.Y. Nemets, to generalize his creative achievements on certain issues of horticulture, pedagogical science, and organization of educational and research processes on the Ukrainian territory. Methods. General scientific (analysis, synthesis, induction, and deduction), historical (problem-chronological, comparative-historical, personification, biographical). Results. The reasons were established for the emigration of Ya.Y. Nemets to the Russian Empire. The main stages of his life and creative destiny were determined. It is proved that Ya.Y. Nemets contributed to the establishment and development of leading institutions of secondary education in the Ukrainian lands in the 19th century — Odesa, Rivne, and Vinnytsia real schools. He was a recognized method teacher, and the author of manuals for teaching the basics of drawing and drawing for secondary schools, which contributed to the further development of pedagogical thought in Ukraine. Ya.Y. Nemets made an expedition to the North American continent to study industrial horticulture and published the first monograph on this topic in the Russian Empire, creating a scientific basis for further study of the field. Conclusions. Ya.Y. Nemets, a Czech by origin, made a lot of efforts to develop the socio-cultural space of Ukraine in the second half of the 19th century, working as a teacher, organizer of the educational process, scientist, and public figure. For 33 years, he worked in the educational field, improving the pedagogical process, and adjusting the material and technical equipment of educational institutions. Ya.Y. Nemets was one of the organizers of agricultural research in Ukraine in the 19th century, having established his pomological garden. He is the author of the first in the Russian Empire analysis of the horticultural industry of the USA and Canada. Close contacts of Ya.Y. Nemets and Czech specialists contributed to the integration of domestic specialists into the European scientific space.