Abstract
The article presents the material on the study of the varietal specificity of potato plants (Alaya Zarya, Svitanok, Kormilets, Zekura and Rosara) in the synthesis of dry substances on meadow chernozem soil of Omsk Priirtyshe under conditions of natural fertility and the use of optimal fertilizer doses (N45P90). Field experiments were conducted in 2008-2010 on the experimental field of Omsk State University. Experiments are of two-factor. Repeatability is threefold. The scheme for planting potatoes 70 × 30 cm with tubers weighing 80-100 g. The size of the pilot plot is 9.6 m2, the pilot plot is 510 m2. Comparative starch content of potato of experimental varieties reflects a number: Svitanok (20.3%)> Alaya Zarya (19.4%) >> Kormilets (16.7%)> Zekura (15.9%)> Rosara (15.6%). Intensive accumulation of dry matter occurred in the tubers of the Svitanok variety both in conditions of natural fertility and on a fertilized background. The increase in dry substances by 2.4-5.4% of their initial content in tubers due to the application of fertilizers (N45P90) is established for the varieties of Alaya Zarya, Svitanok and Rosara. Thus, the correct selection of varieties and the use of fertilizers make it possible to obtain a potato crop with the expected quality indices for dry matter and starch.
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