ВПЛИВ ФІСКАЛЬНОГО МЕХАНІЗМУ НА РОЗВИТОК ІНВЕСТИЦІЙНИХ ПРОЦЕСІВ НА УКРАЇНСЬКИХ ЗЕМЛЯХ У ПОЛЬСЬКО-ЛИТОВСЬКУ ДОБУ

Abstract

The study of the functioning of the fiscal mechanism and its impact on the devel-opment of investment processes in Polish-Lithuanian times becomes especially relevant, as it allows to determine whether this process was carried out in the Ukrainian lands unsystematically and inconsistently, or had expressiveness and orderliness. The purpose of the study is to consider the peculiarities of the formation and functioning of the fiscal mechanism for regulating the investment processes on Ukrainian territory in the Polish-Lithuanian era (XIV–XVIII centuries). The specifics of scientific tasks being the subject of the research required the use of a complex of methods (empirical, theoretical, theoretical and empirical), which enabled to analyze the historical aspects of the fiscal mechanism and its impact on investment during the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, the Poland Kingdom and the United Polish-Lithuanian States Rzecz Pospolita. In the course of the study, the features of the development of the components of the fiscal mechanism were clarified, including revenues and expenditures of state treasury of the Polish and Lithuanian states. It has been established that in the Polish-Lithuanian period the revenues of the prince's treasury were mainly formed due to taxes, princely / royal domains, state regalia and revenues from granting Magdeburg rights to cities. It was found that the expenditures of the state treasury were directed mainly to meet the needs of the prince / king and their court, the maintenance of the army, the construction of military facilities and road infrastructure, as well as the establishment of foreign economic relations. It is determined that neither the revenues nor expenditures of the state treasury in Polish-Lithuanian times had a real impact on the investment development of Ukrainian territories, as they provided only the needs of the rulers and the ruling classes of the Lithuanian and Polish states. The practical value of the study is that the historical analysis has revealed the gaps in the regulation of investment processes due to the fiscal, which should not be allowed in modern conditions.