Формирование фотосинтетических показателей посевов яровой пшеницы в зависимости от сорта и предпосевной обработки семян

Abstract

This article describes the formation of leaf area, photosynthetic capacity of crops, the net photosynthetic efficiency, leaves productivity and efficiency, Coefficient of performance (COP) of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) of spring wheat, using Nano- Gro seed treatment instead of the traditional etching, depending on the varietal characteristics o dark gray forest soils of the Nizhniy Novgorod region. The study was carried out on varieties Margarita, Marusya and Sofia. In connection with this problem, above-mentioned issues are relevant to the present day. Rising the yields of spring wheat to the level of its genetically determined potential is only possible with an increase in photosynthetic productivity of crops, primarily due to the proper selection of varieties for specific soil-climatic zones. Cropping pattern should provide the absorption of at least 2% of PAR. The main absorbing body is a leaf. Therefore the need for a crop with optimum leaf surface area. The study revealed the following, the maximum leaf area of plants of spring wheat is formed in earing seed treatment by Nano-Gro. On average, during the growing season net photosynthesis productivity of Margarita variety was 4.5-5.7 g/m2, Maroussia - 4.6-4.8 g/m2 and Sofia - 3.8-5.2 g/m2. Maximum values of net photosynthetic productivity of crops are characterized by variations in seed treatment by Nano-Gro and Margarita variety. The highest efficiency (2.46, 2.57 and 2.55 kg by 1000 units) was observed on the leaves treated by Nano-Gro and the efficiency of Coefficient of performance (COP) of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) is 1,54-1,81 %. Margarita and Marussia were characterized by maximum values of productivity of leaf and Coefficient of performance (COP) of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR).