ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ ВОЗДЕЛЫВАНИЯ ЧЕЧЕВИЦЫ НА ЧЕРНОЗЕМЕ ОБЫКНОВЕННОМ В ЗАВИСИМОСТИ ОТ НОРМЫ ВЫСЕВА И ДОЗ МИНЕРАЛЬНЫХ УДОБРЕНИЙ

Abstract

Purpose: to reveal the efficiency of the Donskaya variety lentils cultivation on ordinary chernozem at different seeding rates and doses of mineral fertilizers. Materials and methods. The research was carried out in Aksai district Rostov region on the experimental field of the Federal State Budget Scientific Institution “Federal Rostov Agricultural Research Centre” (FSBSI FRARC). The objects of research are the yield and protein content in lentil grain, depending on the seeding rate and the mineral fertilizers dose. The experiments setting, recording and mathematical processing of the data obtained were carried out according to B. A. Dospekhov. Results. It has been found that the yield of Donskaya lentils is significantly influenced by both mineral fertilizers and changes in sowing rates. The maximum yield was obtained at sowing seeds at a rate of 2.2 million pcs/ha, while the plant stand and the feeding area were optimal for development. The maximum yield increase was obtained in the N20P40 variant, amounting to 0.55 t/ha. As the seeding rate increases, the protein content in the lentil grain decreases. The application of mineral fertilizers leads to a significant increase in the protein content at all studied seeding rates. The combined use of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers leads to an increase in protein content compared to the application of only phosphorus fertilizers. Calculation of the agrochemical efficiency of the applied fertilizers showed that the highest payback of lentils at rates of 2.2 and 2.8 million pcs/ha was obtained with the introduction of 20 kg of active agent of phosphorus, amounting to 1.5 and 11.5 kg/kg active agent respectively. When sowing at a rate of 1.6 million pcs/ha, the maximum payback was obtained with the introduction of 40 kg active agent of phosphorus. Conclusion. It was found that it is economically efficient to cultivate lentils when sowing seeds at a rate of 2.2 million pcs/ha with the introduction of 20 kg of active agent of nitrogen and 40 kg active agent of phosphorus, this allows you to get the maximum net income (44.3 thousand rubles/ha) and payback of direct costs (3.1 rubles) with the lowest cost of grain produced (9.6 thousand rubles/ton).