ІНТЕГРАЦІЯ ЦІЛЕЙ СТАЛОГО РОЗВИТКУ У БЮДЖЕТНИЙ ПРОЦЕС У СВІТІ ТА УКРАЇНІ: НАУКОВІ ПІДХОДИ ТА ПРОПОЗИЦІЇ

Abstract

Over the past few decades, the issue of sustainable development has attracted great attention from researchers and policymakers alike. The Sustainable Development Goals are articulated in the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and combine the economic, social and environmental pillars around addressing global challenges that have proven to be closely interlinked, from extreme poverty and armed conflict to gender inequality and climate change. The implementation of sustainable development policies depends to a large extent on national budget policies to support their implementation. Since budget documents are political, legal and economic instruments for policy implementation, the lack of connection between plans/strategies and the budget means the lack of implementation of these plans. The budget process can be a powerful tool to promote and support integrated approaches to the achievement of the SDGs. The UN also argues that it is crucial to integrate Sustainable Development Goals into the budgetary process. However, there is no unified approach or definitive instruction on how to implement Sustainable Development Goals in the budget process. Through a broad literature review, this study attempts to provide a holistic view and a fuller understanding of how the SDGs can be integrated into the budgeting process and how exactly this can be done using examples from several countries. A systematic literature review was conducted through a comprehensive review of scientific articles and reports by international organisations over the last five years. The results of the study show that there is scope for introducing the SDGs at all stages of the budgeting process. However, budget tagging of the SDGs or inclusion of elements of the SDGs in budget proposals is predominantly used. It is also found that the SDGs are predominantly integrated into sustainable development strategies and national development plans whilst SDG budgeting is still underdeveloped. Only a few dozen countries in the world use it in any way, while only a handful, notably Finland and Norway, can boast of best practices. This study will serve as a basis for future research and will have valuable implications for researchers and policymakers.