Культура як фундаментальна категорія гуманітарного дискурсу у контексті дослідження формування культури професійного мислення майбутніх педагогів

Abstract

The article is devoted to the study of the issue of developing the culture of professional thinking of future teachers. In this context the conceptual and terminological analysis of the essence of key concepts is carried out. Considering that culture is a system-forming, generic concept, the key categories («personality culture», «professional and pedagogical culture», «culture of professional thinking», etc.) are considered as generic. The author of the article analyzes the approaches of researchers to the interpretation of the essence of culture as a fundamental category of the humanitarian discourse in philosophy, cultural studies, sociology, psychology, and pedagogy. Based on the study, it is concluded that interpretations of the essence of culture have become widespread in humanitarian discourse, focusing on the ontological, anthropological, axiological, activity, heuristic, mental and semiotic aspects. It is determined that the difference in the approaches of scholars to the interpretation of the essence of culture is due to the complexity, ambiguity, multidimensionality and multifunctionality of the analyzed phenomenon, and is also related to the problematic field of specific scientific research. It has been found that culture, society, professional (social) community and personality are connected by multifaceted interconnections and mutual influences in the system: «culture–society culture–professional (social) community culture–individual culture». We consider the professional and pedagogical culture as the culture of a professional community, which organically combines the culture of professional thinking, pedagogical orientation, values, pedagogical abilities, professional competence, pedagogical experience, creative activity, personal and professional qualities of a teacher, etc. Keywords: discourse, category, culture, personality culture, society culture, culture of professional community, culture of professional thinking of a teacher, professional and pedagogical culture.