Abstract
The papers describes results of theoretical within activity approach analysis and experimental moni¬toring research of developed in educational institutions abilities. Authors propose theoretical conclusions that ability is determined by the individual acquisition of the ukturl way of action in joint activity when solving an educational problem. But at the same time ability is not identical with the revealed and recon¬structed way of action on that it is based. It is the abilities under formation that are being mastered by the student in the educational process represent one of the leading mechanisms, the protagonists of the development of human subjectivity. The papers presents results the monitoring diagnostics of the ability to understand in different age groups of schoolchildren. Diagnostics of the ability to understand was consid¬ered on the basis of students mastering 6 different methods and techniques of understanding. Authors claim сomplex activity diagnostics of the development of understanding, along with diagnostics of other abilities (reflection, theoretical thinking, mutual understanding, goal-setting, self-determination, etc.) makes it pos¬sible to assess the quality of national education.
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