Abstract
One of the most important quality indicators is the wine extract, which makes it possible to judge the fullness of taste, the harmony of taste, the amount of antioxidant activity, and even the authenticity of the origin of wine products. The purpose of the work is a compar-ative analysis of changes in extractive substanc-es in dry white wines from hybrid grape varie-ties grown in Rostov region during bottle aging. The objects of the study were dry white wines produced from grape varieties of ARRIV&W breeding according to generally accepted tech-nology under the same fermentation conditions – Platovsky, Stanichny, Donus, control – Ali-gote, which were aged in a bottle from 1 to 3 years in the enoteca of the institute. As a result of the research, it was found that the highest content of reduced and residual extract in com-parison with other samples was observed in wines from the Platovsky grape variety. In ex-perimental samples, the amount of organic acids fluctuated within 4.8–6.8 g/dm3 and, as aging in the bottle, decreased in wines from Aligote and Platovsky varieties by 25 %, from Stanich-ny and Donus varieties by 16 and 15.6 %. The maximum concentration of tartaric acid was noted in wines from Stanichny variety (4.1–2.9 g/dm3). In wines from varieties Stanichny, Donus, Aligote aged 1−3 years, the ratio of tar-taric and malic acids was more than 3, and the ratio of the residual extract to the total content of organic acids was less than 3, they also not-ed the development of taste properties in the direction of improvement. In wines from the Platovsky variety, after 2 and 3 years of aging in the bottle, the ratio of tartaric and malic ac-ids was 2 or less, and the ratio of the residual extract to the total content of organic acids was more than 3; they showed a deterioration in or-ganoleptic characteristics during aging, they were distinguished by a rough and discordant taste. It was revealed that the formation of a rounded and harmonious taste of wine during aging in a bottle depends on the ratio of the ex-tract components and their optimal composi-tion, as well as on the varietal characteristics of the grapes and its potential.
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