Abstract
The article analyses the geographical structure of imports of goods to Ukraine. The relevance of the study is due to the need to study and analyse the geographical structure of import operations during the crises associated with the COVID-19 pandemic and the Russian-Ukrainian war. The article ranks countries by the volume of foreign economic activity with Ukraine for the period from 2018 to 2023. Based on statistical data, it is determined that Ukraine’s dependence on Russian imports, which has been observed in recent years, began to decline after 2018 and reached zero in 2023. The article analyses the commodity structure of imports in Ukraine's foreign trade with the largest partner countries: Poland, China, Turkey, Germany, and Italy. With the beginning of the full-scale invasion and the rejection of Russian fuel and the search for new sources of its supply, the list of supplier countries has changed for Ukraine. It is determined that Poland is currently one of the five largest importers of fuel and energy products to Ukraine, and by the end of 2023, it held the lead as a supplier of diesel fuel to Ukraine. Similar to Poland, in 2023 Turkey became one of the largest exporters of fuel to the Ukrainian market. Other important components of imports to Ukraine from Poland are means of land transport (except rail) and chemical products. In 2018-2023, China increased its presence on the Ukrainian market. The first place in the ranking of the most popular goods from China is confidently held by electric machines, the second – by nuclear reactors, boilers, and machinery. An analysis of the commodity structure of imports from Germany shows that during the COVID-19 pandemic, the nomenclature group “nuclear reactors, boilers, machinery” came to the top of the structure of commodity imports to Ukraine, while during the war period, “means of land transport” regained the top spot. For another importing country, Italy, the main imported goods include electrical machinery and equipment, in particular, kitchen equipment for both professional and household consumers. Thus, the study identified the priority areas of import activity in terms of certain groups of goods.
Published Version
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