КОНТИНУУМ ЛЕКСИЧНА → ЛЕКСИКО-СИНТАКСИЧНА → СИНТАКСИЧНА СИНОНІМІЯ В ПРОЦЕСІ КАУЗАЦІЇ МОВНО-МОВЛЕННЄВОГО АКТУ (на матеріалі сучасної французької художньої прози)

Abstract

The article is dedicated to the studies of lexical, lexical-syntactic and syntactic synonymies from the standpoint of mentalist theory of the French scientist G. Guillaume who presented the process of causation of language-speech act in the form of the trine: mental operations → language → discourse at the level of each component of which function the psychomechanisms (conscious and unconscious cognitive polyoperations of formation and actualization of linguistic signs) ensuring intercepts (stops) of the movement of thought during which simple and complex linguistic signs are formed. It is found that the synonymic relations appearing on the first intersept of the movement of thought are manifested in the discourse in the form of lexical synonymy; syntactic synonymy of the level of syntagma is created on the second intersept and syntactic synonymy of the level of utterance – on the third intersept of the movement of thought; lexical-syntactic synonymy is formed if lexical synonymy transitions to synonymy of the level of syntagm or proposition. As a result of the analysis of the examples of French authors’s prosaic works of the XXth – the beginning of the XXIst centuries at the level of lexems the absolute synonymy characterized by the symmetry of significative and denotative meanings of the lingua-discursive sign, the partial synonymy inherent to lingua-discursive signs with semantic nuances and the desynonymy (pseudosynonymy) (designation of one referent by the lingua-discursive sign with the asymmetry of significative and denotative meanings in the language and in the discourse) are revealed. The conducted analysis allows to make a conclusion that at the level of lexical‑syntactic and syntactic synonymies only the partial synonymy exists because in mono- and polypredicative utterances with lexical-syntactic and syntactic synonymies the complex of virtual (linguistic) referents with the implication of some components and the focalization of new referents is actualized.