Предпосылки появления и особенности внедрения цифровых валют центральных банков: мировой опыт (обзор постоянно действующего семинара «Цифровые финансы» от 04.03.2021)

Abstract

Objective: to familiarize the readers with the main ideas discussed at a session of the constant seminar “Digital Finance” at the Institute of Economics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, on the topic “Prerequisites for the emergence and world experience in the introduction of digital currencies of central banks”.Methods: scientific methods (analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction), theoretical methods (abstraction, generalization, historical, systematic methods), and empirical methods (observation, description).Results: the content of the reports by D. A. Kochergin and A. Yu. Mikhailishin is presented; suggestions, comments, questions and speeches of the seminar participants are presented: Yu. M. Goland, A. K. Moiseev, K. N. Korishchenko, O. L. Kurnyavko, A. I. Yakovlev, S. A. Andryushin, and M. Yu. Golovnin, which reflect the practical and theoretical features, including legal, economic and social aspects, of the implementation of various types of central banks digital currencies (CBDC) in the context of the Russian and world experience.Scientific novelty: the issues of theory and practice are considered regarding the issuance and design of CBDCs; the possibilities are investigated of using CBDCs with the characteristics of anonymity inherent in cryptocurrencies; the reasons and conditions are reflected for the growing interest of central banks (CB) in digital currencies, as well as the impact of cryptocurrencies on CBDCs; forecasts are clarified for the implementation of CBDC projects in various countries. Practical significance: the main provisions and conclusions of the review can be used by the Central Bank in forming the CBDC concept and platform, preparing projects and strategic plans for CBDC both at the national and international levels.