Titanium Alkoxide Research Articles

Titanium(IV) Cations with Trigonal Monopyramidal Geometry: Unusual Lewis Acids Supported by a Triaryl Triamidoamine Ligand.

Protonolysis of the titanium alkyl complex [Ti(CH2 SiMe3 )(Xy-N3 N)] (Xy-N3 N=[{(3,5-Me2 C6 H3 )NCH2 CH2 }3 N]3- ) supported by a triamidoamine ligand, with [NEt3 H][B(3,5-Cl2 C6 H3 )4 ] or [PhNMe2 H][B(C6 F5 )4 ] afforded the cations [Ti(Xy-N3 N)][A] (A- =[B(3,5-Cl2 C6 H3 )4 ]- (1[B(ArCl )4 ]; B(ArCl )4 =tetrakis(3,5-dichlorophenyl)borate); A- =[B(C6 F5 )4 ]- (1[B(ArF )4 ]; B(ArF )4 =tetrakis[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]borate). These Lewis acidic cations were reacted with coordinating solvents to afford the cations [Ti(L)(Xy-N3 N)][B(C6 F5 )4 ] (2-L; L=Et2 O, pyridine and THF). XRD analysis revealed a trigonal monopyramidal (TMP) geometry for the tetracoordinate cations in 1[B(ArX )4 ] and trigonal bipyramidal (TBP) geometry for the pentacoordinate cations in 2-L. Variable-temperature NMR spectroscopy showed a dynamic equilibrium for 2-Et2 O in solution, involving the dissociation of Et2 O. Coordination to the titanium(IV) center activated the THF molecule, which, in the presence of NEt3 , underwent ring-opening to give the titanium alkoxide [Ti(O(CH2 )4 NEt3 )(Xy-N3 N)][B(3,5-Cl2 C6 H3 )4 ] (3). Hydride abstraction from Cβ,eq of the triamidoamine ligand arm in [Ti(CH2 SiMe3 )(Xy-N3 N)] or [Ti(NMe2 )(Xy-N3 N)] with [Ph3 C][B(3,5-Cl2 C6 H3 )4 ] led to the diamidoamine-imine complex [Ti(R){(Xy-N=CHCH2 )(Xy-NCH2 CH2 )2 N}][B(3,5-Cl2 C6 H3 )4 ] (R=CH2 SiMe3 (4 a); R=NMe2 (4 b)). Hydride addition to 4 b with [Li(THF)][HBPh3 ] gave [Ti(NMe2 )(Xy-N3 N)], whereas KH deprotonated further to give [Ti(NMe2 ){(Xy-NCH=CH)(Xy-NCH2 CH2 )2 N}] (5). XRD on single crystals of 3 and 4 b confirmed the proposed structures.

Nano-mechanical properties of zirconia-alumina-benzotriazole nano-composite coating deposited on Al2024 by the sol-gel method

Nano-composite coatings containing inhibitors can provide protection against corrosion and owing to the favorable hardness and wear resistance, ceramic-based nano-composite coatings such as zirconia–alumina can effectively improve the wear behavior of aluminum. However, defects such as holes, pores, and micro-cracks reduce the protection efficiency and the use of inhibitors can prevent or reduce the formation of defects in the coating. In this work, a zirconia-alumina-benzotriazole coating is deposited on Al 2024-T6 by the sol-gel method with the following precursors: zirconium isopropoxide, aluminum tri-sec-butylate, and benzotriazole. The phase, structure, and morphology of the coatings are studied and the nano-mechanical properties are assessed by nano-indentation and nano-scratch tests under loads of 50 and 60μN. The results reveal the formation of a 810 nm thick homogenous and uniform coating in the presence of alumina and a 945 nm thick crack-free coating in the presence of benzotriazole. Alumina increases the hardness and elastic modulus to 1.15 and 15 GPa, respectively, and abrasive wear is dominated by the shear mechanism and benzotriazole enhances the flexibility and decreases the hardness of the coating.

Novel synergistic in situ synthesis of lithium-ion poly(ethylene citrate)-TiO2 nanocomposites as promising fluorine-free solid polymer electrolytes for lithium batteries

Here, we report a synergistic in situ synthesis of lithium-ion poly (ethylene citrate) with embedded titania nanoparticles in which the esterification process itself triggered the hydrolysis of the titanium alkoxide precursor to form a promising fluorine-free lithium-ion solid polymer electrolyte. Structural characterization by means of X-ray diffraction, small angle X-ray scattering and also confocal Raman spectroscopy revealed the formation of the polyester with embedded titania nanoparticles in agreement with our Raman spectra simulation by means of DFT methodologies. Our theoretical modeling of the polyester also envisaged the interaction of lithium-ion via a tridentate coordination with oxygen atoms of carboxylate (–COO-) and ester (–COO–) groups. There is a slight increase in the degree of polymerization and thermal stability for our lithium-ion polyester with increasing titania nanoparticles concentration. In consequence, a two-order magnitude increase in the ionic conductivity was observed, yielding 1.74× 10−4 S cm−1 for a 20% weight fraction of titania nanoparticles. Thus, involving a novel approach based in the synergistic in situ preparation of lithium-ion poly (ethylene citrate) with titania nanoparticles, this procedure contributes to solve the many safety and environmental issues of the constitutive materials of lithium-ion solid polymer electrolytes.

A New Method for the Synthesis of TiO2/C Composites with the Use of Titanium Organic Compounds

Anatase titania based TiO2/С nanocomposites have been synthesized via the thermal decomposition of titanium glycerolate prepared by the reaction between glycerin and tetraethoxytitanium or tetrabutoxytitanium. The content of carbon in the composite material is from 22.3 to 23.5 wt %. The principal physicochemical characteristics of the synthesized compounds have been determined by X-ray diffraction and thermogravimetric analysis, IR and Raman spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It has been found that the textural and morphological features of the TiO2/C nanocomposites are governed by the type of titanium alkoxide used to synthesize the precursor, i.e., titanium glycerolate.

Mesoporous TiO2 microspheres with improved efficiency for photooxidation of volatile organic compounds

Mesoporous hierarchical TiO2 microspheres have been prepared using titanium alkoxide and crown ether as a structure-directing agent in combination with a small amount of surfactant by sol–gel synthesis with or without hydrothermal treatment and characterized by SEM, TEM, XRD and BET measurements. Microspheres with a size range from 0.6 to 3.0 μm have been formed by agglomeration of primary anatase nanoparticles with crystallite size of ca. 10 nm. Almost all TiO2 microspheres have shown superior activity in photooxidation of volatile organic compounds to CO2 significantly higher than that of TiO2 Evonik P-25. Hydrothermal treatment of particles has increased photocatalytic activity of titania microspheres. It has been established that the introduction of small amounts of additives to the reacting system, in particular palmitic acid, during the synthesis of TiO2 microspheres not only significantly affects the texture characteristics of the obtained materials, but also significantly increases their photocatalytic activity. The outstanding photocatalytic activity of microspheres is a consequence of the dominant contribution of the developed mesopore system (large pore volume and diameter) in their hierarchical structural organization, which is formed by aggregation and agglomeration of anatase nanoparticles. Photoactivity of TiO2 microspheres is not always determined by the specific surface area of the sample.

High refractive index organic/inorganic hybrid films prepared by carbazole phenoxy based copolymers and titanium alkoxide

A novel high refractive index hybrid film was produced by hybridization of carbazole phenoxy based copolymers and titania. The random copolymer was prepared first by copolymerization of carbazole phenoxy based methacrylate(CPBM) and 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate, and then a titania precursor, Ti(OBu)4 was reacted with the copolymer to form a high-refraction film through in-situ sol-gel process. The 1H NMR and FT-IR results confirmed that CPBM and the CPBM copolymer/titania hybrid materials were successfully prepared. The hybrid film made from CPBM had a high refractive index in the range 1.68 ∼ 1.77, proportional to the content of the titania precursor in the hybrid, which was higher than the film from MMA. The CPBM based hybrid solution produced a much smooth film by spin coating compared to the hybrid from MMA, which could be attributed to a low glass transition temperature of CPBM. The TGA results of the hybrid materials revealed good thermal stability.

Strategy to control the amount of titania dispersed on SBA-15 surface preserving its porosity, aiming to develop a sensor for electrochemical evaluation of antibiotics

Abstract In the present work, an experimental procedure was developed in order to obtain different amounts of titanium oxide highly dispersed on the surface of mesoporous ordered silica material, SBA-15 type. The procedure is based on successive grafting reactions using small quantities of titanium alkoxide precursor that allow obtaining high amounts of highly dispersed titanium oxide, even after calcination at 500 °C, and at the same time, preserves the mesopore structure of the silica. The proposed procedure avoids the aggregation of titanium oxide that forms crystallites, which can be detected by XRD, and consequently closes the mesopores. This behavior produces the artifact known as Tensile Strength Effect (TSE) which is detected by textural analysis. Mesoporous silica containing highly dispersed titanium oxide was applied as modifier MWCNT paste electrode for evaluation of sulfamethoxazole (SMZ) and trimethoprim (TMP). The electrode presents excellent response for simultaneous determination of both antibiotics in a wide linear concentration range. It presents high sensitivity, 10.5 and 25.1 nA μmol−1·L and low detection limit 60 and 70 nmol L−1, for SMZ and TMP respectively.

Citric Acid Tunes the Formation of Antimicrobial Melanin-Like Nanostructures.

Nature has provided a valuable source of inspiration for developing high performance multifunctional materials. Particularly, catechol-containing amino acid l-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (l-DOPA) has aroused the interest to design hybrid multifunctional materials with superior adhesive ability. DOPA oxidative polymerization mediated by either melanogenic enzymes or an alkaline environment involving catechol intermolecular cross-linking, ultimately leads to melanin oligomers. Recently, relevant studies disclosed the ability of Ti-based nanostructures to tune melanin’s supramolecular structure during its formation, starting from melanogenic precursors, thus improving both antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. In this work, we propose a novel biomimetic approach to design hybrid DOPA melanin-like nanostructures through a hydrothermal synthesis opportunely modified by using citric acid to control hydrolysis and condensation reactions of titanium alkoxide precursors. UV-Vis and Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopic evidences highlighted the key role of citrate–Ti(IV) and DOPA–Ti(IV) complexes in controlling DOPA polymerization, which specifically occurred during the hydrothermal step, mediating and tuning its conversion to melanin-like oligomers. Trasmission electron microscopy (TEM) images proved the efficacy of the proposed synthesis approach in tuning the formation of nanosized globular nanostructures, with high biocide performances. The obtained findings could provide strategic guidelines to set up biomimetic processes, exploiting the catechol-metal complex to obtain hybrid melanin-like nanosystems with optimized multifunctional behavior.

Simultaneous Polymerization Enabled the Confinement of Size‐Adjustable TiO2 Nanocrystals in S‐Doped Carbons for High‐Rate Anode Materials

Homogeneous confinement of metal oxide nanoparticles into the heteroatom‐doped carbon matrix is highly desirable but remains challenging to develop high‐performance anode materials. Herein, a facile simultaneous polymerization of 2‐thiophenemethanol (ThM) and titanium ethoxide (TTEO) is proposed to incorporate ultrafine anatase TiO2 nanocrystals into the continuous S‐doped carbon framework by carbonizing the as‐produced TiO2/poly(2‐thiophenemethanol) composites. This in situ crafting process spatially suppresses the growth of TiO2 by the polymerization of ThM, thus producing size‐adjustable TiO2 nanocrystals (5–50 nm) by tailoring the ratio of TTEO to ThM. It is found that smaller TiO2 nanocrystals are generated using the lower TTEO‐to‐ThM ratio. When used as lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) anode, TiO2/S‐doped carbon (TSC) shows larger reversible capacity, superior rate capability, and better cycling stability compared to pure TiO2. A typical TSC with the smallest TiO2 nanocrystals (8 nm) shows the reversible capacity as high as 386 mAh g−1 at 50 mA g−1, and retains 55% of initial capacity at 500 mA g−1, and 96.8% capacity after 500 cycles at 1000 mA g−1. The excellent electrochemical performance is attributed to the shortened ion diffusion path of ultrafine TiO2 and the improved electronic conductivity, structural stability, and surface/interface nature by the S‐doped carbon matrix.

Dendrimer for Templating the Growth of Porous Catechol-Coordinated Titanium Dioxide Frameworks: Toward Hemocompatible Nanomaterials

Phosphorus dendrimers and nanosized metal oxide clusters are two dissimilar nanomaterials with promising applications in nanomedicine. Although outstanding holistic properties can be reached by the combination of organic and inorganic phases, few investigations were strikingly undertaken to associate these building blocks in a single nanostructured, open-framework hybrid material. With this aim, we designed herein five novel different generations of catechol-terminated phosphorus dendrimers (DGn: n = 1–5) and used them as structure-directing agents for titanium alkoxide mineralization. The covalent bonding occurring between peripheral catechols and soluble titanium oxo species and their further sol–gel cocondensation afford bimodal micromesoporous catechol-coordinated titanium dioxide nanomaterials. Their interplay with cells was assessed with a special emphasis on their hemolytic activity and cytotoxicity. Interestingly, enhanced biocompatibility was observed for these materials compared to their hybrid ...

Controlling the Surface Chemistry of a Hydrogel for Spatially Defined Cell Adhesion

A two-step synthesis is described for activating the surface of a fully hydrated hydrogel that is of interest as a possible scaffold for neural regeneration devices. The first step exploits the water content of the hydrogel and the hydrophobicity of the reaction solvent to create a thin oxide layer on the hydrogel surface using a common titanium or zirconium alkoxide. This layer serves as a reactive interface that enables rapid transformation of the hydrophilic, cell-nonadhesive hydrogel into either a highly hydrophobic surface by reaction with an alkylphosphonic acid, or into a cell-adhesive one using a (α,ω-diphosphono)alkane. Physically imprinting a mask ("debossing") into the hydrogel, followed by a two-step surface modification with a phosphonate, allows for patterning its surface to create spatially defined, cell-adhesive regions.

Impact of Zr precursor on the electrochemical properties of V2O5 sol-gel films

In this work, we explore the impact of Zr precursor on the electrochemical and optical properties of V2O5 thin films. These films were synthesized by the combination of the sol-gel route with dip-coating deposition on the electron conducting (fluorine tin oxide; FTO) substrate. We used vanadium oxytriisopropoxide (V) - [OV(OC3H7)3] and zirconium isopropoxide (IV) - [Zr(OCH2CH2CH3)4] as precursors, isopropanol as solvent, and glacial acetic acid as a catalyst. After the deposition, the thin films were subjected to densification at 350°C for 30min. We characterized these films by electrochemical techniques (cyclic voltammetry, chronoamperometry and chronocoulometry) and we obtained the best result of the load density of 109mC·cm−2 for V2O5 sample prepared with 5mol% of Zr precursor; this sample also presented satisfactory responses of cyclic stability. We used atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) to obtain morphology and crystallinity of this film. Its optical properties, we studied by UV–vis spectroscopy and the transmittance results were of 82% for the discolored and 39% for colored states, both measured at 633nm. In summary, we show that V2O5:ZrO2 thin films have quite attractive properties for their application as a working electrode in electrochromic devices.

Solid-State Polymerization of Poly(Ethylene Furanoate) Biobased Polyester, III: Extended Study on Effect of Catalyst Type on Molecular Weight Increase.

In this study, the synthesis of poly(ethylene furanoate) (PEF), catalyzed by five different catalysts—antimony acetate (III) (Sb Ac), zirconium (IV) isopropoxide isopropanal (Zr Is Ip), antimony (III) oxide (Sb Ox), zirconium (IV) 2,4-pentanedionate (Zr Pe) and germanium (IV) oxide (Ge Ox)—via an industrially common combination of melt polymerization and subsequent solid-state polymerization (SSP) is presented. In all reactions, proper amounts of 2,5-dimethylfuran-dicarboxylate (DMFD) and ethylene glycol (EG) in a molar ratio of DMFD/EG= 1/2 and 400 ppm of catalyst were used. Polyester samples were subjected to SSP procedure, under vacuum application, at different reaction times (1, 2, 3.5, and 5 h) and temperatures of 190, 200, and 205 °C. Carboxyl end-groups concentration (–COOH), intrinsic viscosity (IV), and thermal properties, via differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), were measured for all resultant polymers to study the effect of the used catalysts on the molecular weight increase of PEF during SSP process. As was expected, it was found that with increasing the SSP time and temperature, the intrinsic viscosity and the average molecular weight of PEF steadily increased. In contrast, the number of carboxyl end-groups content showed the opposite trend as intrinsic viscosity, that is, gradually decreasing during SSP time and temperature increase. It is worthy to note that thanks to the SSP process an obvious and continuous enhancement in the thermal properties of the prepared PEF samples was attained, in which their melting temperatures (Tm) and degree of crystallinity (Xc) increase progressively with increasing of reaction time and temperature. To predict the time evolution of polymers IV, as well as the hydroxyl and carboxyl content of PEF polyesters during the SSP, a simple kinetic model was developed. From both the theoretical simulation results and the experimental measurements, it was demonstrated that surely the Zr Is Ip catalyst shows the best catalytic characteristics compared to all other used catalysts herein, that is, leading in reducing—in a spectacular way—the activation energy of the involved both transesterification and esterification reactions during SSP.

Dielectric and Electrical Properties of Poly (?-Caprolactone)/ Organomodified Clay Bionanocomposites Prepared in Open Air by in Situ Polymerization

Dielectric and electrical properties of bio-nanocomposites based on poly (?-caprolactone) (PCL) with different amounts of organomodified montmorillonite clay (MMT-ODA) were investigated by broadband dielectric spectroscopy in the frequency range from 1Hz to 1MHz and in the temperature range from -100 to 25°C. These nanocomposites were prepared by in situ Ring Opening polymerization of ?-caprolactone in open air by using titanium alkoxide as a catalyst. Due to the semicrystalline structure of PCL, the high number of modes and its overlap, the relaxation patterns observed on dielectric spectra were complicated. These relaxation data were modeled using the H-N empirical equation with the contribution of conductivity. The local dynamics of PCL were unaffected by the increase of nano-clay amount, in agreement with the DSC values of glass transition temperature. The PCL/MMT-ODA 3 wt% exhibited the lowest value of dielectric strength, indicating the strongest adhesion between PCL matrix and organo-modified clay. As for PCL/MMT-ODA 5 wt%, the presence of agglomerate made the adhesion between PCL and MMT-ODA very weak. The obtained findings were congruent FTIR and XRD results. The electrical conductivity of PCL was analysed according to the Jonscher’s law. The obtained exponent s values referred to three models corresponding to different temperature ranges.

Dielectric and Electrical Properties of Poly (?-Caprolactone)/ Organomodified Clay Bionanocomposites Prepared in Open Air by in Situ Polymerization

Dielectric and electrical properties of bio-nanocomposites based on poly (?-caprolactone) (PCL) with different amounts of organomodified montmorillonite clay (MMT-ODA) were investigated by broadband dielectric spectroscopy in the frequency range from 1Hz to 1MHz and in the temperature range from -100 to 25°C. These nanocomposites were prepared by in situ Ring Opening polymerization of ?-caprolactone in open air by using titanium alkoxide as a catalyst. Due to the semicrystalline structure of PCL, the high number of modes and its overlap, the relaxation patterns observed on dielectric spectra were complicated. These relaxation data were modeled using the H-N empirical equation with the contribution of conductivity. The local dynamics of PCL were unaffected by the increase of nano-clay amount, in agreement with the DSC values of glass transition temperature. The PCL/MMT-ODA 3 wt% exhibited the lowest value of dielectric strength, indicating the strongest adhesion between PCL matrix and organo-modified clay. As for PCL/MMT-ODA 5 wt%, the presence of agglomerate made the adhesion between PCL and MMT-ODA very weak. The obtained findings were congruent FTIR and XRD results. The electrical conductivity of PCL was analysed according to the Jonscher’s law. The obtained exponent s values referred to three models corresponding to different temperature ranges.

Lower Temperature Synthesis of Polymer Network from Liquid-Crystalline Polyesters with Titanium Alkoxide Catalysts

Lower Temperature Synthesis of Polymer Network from Liquid-Crystalline Polyesters with Titanium Alkoxide Catalysts

A New Composite Based on Electroactive Zirconium Phosphate: Morfology, Structure and Their Behavior as a Voltammetric Sensor in the Ascorbic Acid Detection

An electroactive and chemically stable composite was obtained from zirconium (IV) isopropoxide (ZrI) and phosphoric acid (ZrP). The ZrP was characterized by techniques such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, 13C and 31P nuclear magnetic resonance, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, surface area and porosity and cyclic voltammetry. Voltammetric behaviour of the ZrP was obtained using of a modified graphite paste electrode in a potential range from − 0.20 to 1.00 V (vs Ag/AgCl). ZrP showed one redox couple with average potential $${E^{\theta ^{\prime}}}$$ = 0.30 V (vs Ag/AgCl(sat.)) (40% w/w; v = 20 mV s−1; KCl; 1.00 mol L−1). It was tested on electrocatalytic detection of ascorbic acid using cyclic voltammetry and square wave voltammetry. The modified electrode showed a detection limit of 2.4 × 10−5 mol L−1, with relative standard deviation of ± 3% (n = 3) and amperometric sensitivity of 11.7 mA/mol L−1 (R = 0.999) by using the cyclic voltammetry technique and a detection limit of 1.10 × 10−4 mol L−1 with relative standard deviation of ± 2% (n = 3) and amperometric sensitivity of 126.9 mA/mol L−1 (R = 0.998) by using the square wave voltammetry technique.

The catalytic activity of alkali metal alkoxides and titanium alkoxides in the hydrosilylation of unfunctionalized olefins

The catalytic activities of titanium alkoxides and alkali metal alkoxides for hydrosilylation of unfunctionalized olefins have been studied. Titanium(IV) alkoxides showed excellent catalytic activity, while alkali metal alkoxides have low catalytic activity for the hydrosilylation of olefins. However, by using titanocene dichloride as an additive, alkali metal alkoxides showed also excellent catalytic property for hydrosilylation. In comparison with titanium alkoxides, no α-adduct was obtained by using alkali metal alkoxides/Cp2TiCl2 as catalysts.

Fluorine-assisted structural engineering of colloidal anatase TiO2 hierarchical nanocrystals for enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen production.

Anatase TiO2 materials are well-known for their photocatalytic properties and their structure-performance relationship has been intensively studied over the past few decades. In this study, we report a versatile strategy to control the geometric and electronic structure of hierarchical anatase TiO2 nanocrystals via a colloidal synthesis technique in order to optimize their photocatalytic performances. The synthesis is modified from a classical nonaqueous sol-gel approach in which titanium alkoxides and long carbon chain carboxylic acids are used as titanium sources and hydrolysis/capping agents, respectively. By introducing fluoride ions into the reaction as competitive capping agents and controlling other parameters, the geometric structure of TiO2 nanocrystals can be regulated from nanorods and nanobipyramids to their hierarchical assembly structures with controlled dimension and crystallinity. Meanwhile, it is confirmed that the fluoride capping agents also affect the surface structure of TiO2 by fluorine doping, which exerts an additional impact on the electronic structure of TiO2 nanocrystals apart from morphology variation. Further investigation of photocatalytic hydrogen production performances of TiO2 nanocrystals with different structures indicates that the catalytic efficiency is highly dependent on structural factors including hierarchical shape, surface area and doping status. Obvious improvement of photocatalytic performance is observed in the optimized hierarchical TiO2 nanocrystals (2033.6 μmol g-1 h-1) compared to that in commonly prepared TiO2 nanobipyramids (1135.5 μmol g-1 h-1) and other hierarchical TiO2 nanocrystals (1331.9 μmol g-1 h-1 or lower), which demonstrates the effectiveness of material optimization by the strategy developed in this study.

Development of Air Sterilization Purifier Combined with Broadband to active Photocatalyst and Ion Cluster Generating Module

Background/Objectives: A modern man trapped in the room like this has to live in the trapped air. The trapped air in the room is susceptible to contamination due to dust and harmful compounds generated from building materials, furniture, wallpaper, electronic products, etc. Especially environmental ailments such as asthma and atopy increased to prevail airborne diseases such as H1N1 influenza, air pollution in the room increased to social problems. Methods/Statistical analysis: Titanium alkoxide (TTIP, TBOT, etc.) is used as precursor of titanium dioxide, and titanium dioxide precursor is mixed with acid, alcohol and the like to prepare with sol-gel solution. Block copolymer and titanium dioxide sol - gel solution are mixed at a specific ratio to control the surface structure after thin film production. Subsequently, the block copolymer and the titanium dioxide sol-gel solution are thin-coated on the substrate and heat-treated in an inert gas atmosphere to form a hybrid carbon-titanium dioxide structure. Findings: Air sterilization purification technology is a technology that can substantially complement the fragile purification performance of conventional air sterilization (air purifier). This technology improves the efficiency of removing indoor pollutants such as airborne bacteria and viruses through inhaled bactericidal purification technology with broadband medium photocatalyst and ceramic bead photocatalyst module and release type sterilization purification technology with negative ion generation module etc. Improvements/Applications: Therefore, not only improving the indoor air quality by sterilizing and purifying indoor air, basically developing broadband active photocatalyst and air clustering module fusion composite structure with ion cluster generation module that removes airborne bacteria in indoor air Try to develop an air sterilization purification device.