Synthesis Of ZnO Nanoparticles Research Articles

Chenopodium exsuccum plant extract for green zinc oxide nanoparticles synthesis: Photocatalytic titan yellow degradation and antioxidant and antibacterial properties

Chenopodium exsuccum plant extract for green zinc oxide nanoparticles synthesis: Photocatalytic titan yellow degradation and antioxidant and antibacterial properties

Expression of Concern: “Seaweed biomass as a sustainable resource for synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles using Sargassum wightii ethanol extract and their environmental and biomedical applications through Gaussian mixture model” [Environ. Res., 249 (2024) 117464

Expression of Concern: “Seaweed biomass as a sustainable resource for synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles using Sargassum wightii ethanol extract and their environmental and biomedical applications through Gaussian mixture model” [Environ. Res., 249 (2024) 117464

Eco-friendly zinc oxide nanoparticle biosynthesis powered by probiotic bacteria.

The rapid advancement of nanotechnology, particularly in the realm of pharmaceutical sciences, has significantly transformed the potential for treating life-threatening diseases. A pivotal aspect of this evolution is the emergence of "green nanotechnology," which emphasizes the environmentally sustainable synthesis of raw materials through biological processes. This review focuses on the biological synthesis and application of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) from probiotic bacteria, particularly those sourced from wastewater. Microorganisms from wastewater tolerate harmful elements and enzymatically convert toxic heavy metals into eco-friendly materials. These probiotic bacteria are instrumental in the synthesis of ZnO NPs and exhibit remarkable antimicrobial properties with diverse industrial applications. As the challenge of drug-resistant pathogens escalates, innovative strategies for combating microbial infections are essential. This review explores the intersection of nanotechnology, microbiology, and antibacterial resistance, highlighting the importance of selecting suitable probiotic bacteria for synthesizing ZnO NPs with potent antibacterial activity. Additionally, the review addresses the biofunctionalization of NPs and their applications in environmental remediation and therapeutic innovations, including wound healing, antibacterial, and anticancer treatments. Eco-friendly NP synthesis relies on the identification of these suitable microbial "nano-factories." Targeting probiotic bacteria from wastewater can uncover new microbial NP synthesis capabilities, advancing environmentally friendly NP production methods. KEY POINTS: • Innovative strategies are needed to combat drug-resistant pathogens like MRSA. • Wastewater-derived probiotic bacteria are an eco-friendly method for ZnO synthesis. • ZnO NPs show significant antimicrobial activity against various pathogens.

Effects of green and chemically synthesized ZnO nanoparticles on Capsicum annuum under drought stress

Nanoparticle applications have recently become a popular method due to increase the tolerance levels of plants to environmental stresses. In this study, changes induced by exogenous application of green synthesized and commercially purchased zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) (100, 500, 1000 mg/L) to drought-stressed Capsicum annuum plants were studied through comprehensive morphologic, anatomic, physiological and biochemical analyzes. While drought decreased relative water content (RWC) and leaf water potential (LWP), it increased proline, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) content and antioxidant enzyme activities. Exogenous ZnO NPs increased RWC and LWP but they decreased TBARS and proline contents in drought-stressed plants. Furthermore, the data obtained in this study revealed that the response of the antioxidant enzyme varies depending on the concentration of the nanoparticles and the type of synthesis. However, green synthesized ZnO NPs applications (100 and 500 mg/L) were found to be much more effective in reducing the adverse effects of drought stress than those synthesized chemically. The results of this study indicated that although the response of Capsicum annuum plants to ZnO NPs applications varied according to the type and concentration under drought conditions, nanoparticle applications did not lead to a consistent stress response.

Ultrasound-Assisted and Citric Acid-Guided Creation of ZnO Nanoparticles with Optimized Morphologies to Boost Malachite Green Photocatalysis

Zinc oxide (ZnO) semiconductors are renowned for their cost-effective synthesis and superior catalytic attributes, making them prominent in environmental remediation applications. This study presents the synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) with distinct morphologies, achieved by modulating citric acid concentrations in an ultrasonic-assisted hydrothermal process. The photocatalytic efficacy of these ZnO NPs in degrading malachite green (MG), a persistent environmental pollutant, was thoroughly investigated. Our findings reveal a strong correlation between the morphological features of ZnO catalysts and their photodegradation performance. Among the synthesized NPs, the chrysanthemum-shaped ZnO (denoted as USZ-0.1) demonstrated exceptional photocatalytic activity, attributed to its enhanced surface area and optimized nano-crystal aggregation. This structure facilitated the generation of a higher concentration of reactive oxygen species, leading to over 96.5% degradation of MG within 40 min under simulated sunlight in an acidic medium. This study underscores the potential of morphological manipulation in enhancing the photocatalytic properties of ZnO NPs for environmental applications.

"Harnessing green synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles for dual action in wound management: Antibiotic delivery and healing Promotion".

Wound infections are characterized by the invasion of microorganisms into bodily tissues, leading to inflammation and potentially affecting any type of wound, including surgical incisions and chronic ulcers. If left untreated, they can delay recovery and cause tissue damage. Healthcare providers face challenges in treating these infections, which necessitate efficient treatment plans involving microbiological testing and clinical evaluation. The effectiveness of conventional treatments like antibiotics is limited by resistance. Various forms of nanotechnology have been developed, each exhibiting unique properties that address particular issues with conventional therapies. Among all the Nanocarriers, zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs), offer promising treatments for persistent wound infections. ZnO NPs possess strong antibacterial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-diabetic properties, making them suitable for wound care applications. These nanoparticles can be produced economically and environmentally using green synthesis techniques that minimize toxicity and are biocompatible. While chemical and physical techniques offer precise control over nanoparticle characteristics, they often involve hazardous substances and energy-intensive procedures. The antibacterial qualities, low toxicity, and biological compatibility of green-synthesized ZnO NPs make them a promising treatment for wound infections. Their use in scaffolds, drug delivery systems, and wound dressings provides a viable approach to combat antibiotic resistance and enhance wound treatment outcomes. Furthermore research is necessary to fully realize the benefits of ZnO NPs in clinical practice.

Starch-Assisted Eco-Friendly Synthesis of ZnO Nanoparticles: Enhanced Photocatalytic, Supercapacitive, and UV-Driven Antioxidant Properties with Low Cytotoxic Effects.

This study presents an efficient and environmentally sustainable synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles using a starch-mediated sol-gel approach. This method yields crystalline mesoporous ZnO NPs with a hexagonal wurtzite structure. The synthesized nanoparticles demonstrated remarkable multifunctionality across three critical applications. In photocatalysis, the ZnO NPs exhibited exceptional efficiency, achieving complete degradation of methylene blue within 15 min at pH 11, significantly surpassing the performance of commercial ZnO. Under neutral pH conditions, the nanoparticles effectively degraded various organic dyes, including methylene blue, rhodamine B, and methyl orange, following pseudo-first-order kinetics. The methylene blue degradation process was aligned with the Langmuir-Hinshelwood model, emphasizing their advanced catalytic properties. For supercapacitor applications, the ZnO NPs attained a high specific capacitance of 550 F/g at 1 A/g, underscoring their potential as energy storage solutions. Additionally, the nanoparticles demonstrated strong UV-induced antiradical activity, with an EC50 of 32.2 μg/mL in DPPH assays. Notably, the cytotoxicity evaluation revealed an LC50 of 1648 μg/mL, indicating excellent biocompatibility. This study highlights a sustainable approach for the synthesis of multifunctional ZnO NPs that offers effective solutions for environmental remediation, energy storage, and biomedical applications.

Antifungal Potential of Biogenic Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles for Controlling Cercospora Leaf Spot in Mung Bean.

Agricultural growers worldwide face significant challenges in promoting plant growth. This research introduces a green strategy utilizing nanomaterials to enhance crop production. While high concentrations of nanomaterials are known to be hazardous to plants, this study demonstrates that low doses of biologically synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) can serve as an effective regulatory tool to boost plant growth. These nanoparticles were produced using Nigella sativa seed extract and characterized through UV-Vis spectroscopy, FT-IR, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The antifungal properties of ZnO NPs were evaluated against Cercospora canescens, the causative agent of Cercospora leaf spot in mung bean. Application of ZnO NPs significantly improved plant metrics, including shoot, root, pod, leaf, and root nodule counts, as well as plant length, fresh weight, and dry weight-all indicators of healthy growth. Moreover, low-dose ZnO NPs positively influenced enzymatic activity, physicochemical properties, and photosynthetic parameters. These findings suggest that biologically synthesized ZnO NPs offer a promising approach for enhancing crop yield and accelerating plant growth.

Correction: Synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles from Semialarium mexicanum for enhanced photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue, methyl orange, and rhodamine B dyes

Correction: Synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles from Semialarium mexicanum for enhanced photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue, methyl orange, and rhodamine B dyes

Green Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Including Rosehip (Rosa canina L.) Seed Extract: Evaluation of Its Characterization and Bioactivity Properties.

The use of bioactive compounds in plants as reducing, stabilizing, and capping agents in nanoparticle manufacturing is an exceptionally eco-friendly approach. This work used rosehip seed extract, acquired by automatic solvent extraction, in the microwave-assisted green production of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs). The total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and antioxidant activity of the extracted materials and nanoparticles (NPs) were assessed using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) assays. The ideal synthesis parameters were established as 25mL of extract, pH 12, 360W of microwave power, and a metal salt concentration of 0.05M for a duration of 7min. The characterization of the ZnO NPs synthesized under these conditions was performed using x-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive x-ray analysis (SEM-EDX), dynamic light scattering (DLS), zeta potential measurements, and UV-Vis spectrophotometry. High-purity, nano-sized, antioxidant ZnO NPs were manufactured using an ecologically friendly, sustainable, and ecological technique.

Assisted Egg White Biogenic Synthesis for Elaboration of ZnO Nanoparticles

Nanomaterials are materials at the nanometric scale that have distinctive functionalities and properties. Due to their unique properties relative to traditional materials, nanomaterials attract great interest from researchers. ZnO-based nanomaterials especially demonstrate versatility, accessibility, biocompatibility and low toxicity. In recent years, there has been a growing interest in developing eco-friendly and sustainable approaches for synthesizing nanomaterials. In the development of ecological techniques for their synthesis, using natural resources is a popular choice. Employing egg white for ZnO nanoparticle synthesis represents an environmentally method that uses a natural resource. The great advantage of green synthesis using egg white is that it is a cost-effective, renewable, and bio-degradable resource that offers biocompatibility. Egg white is rich in proteins, amino acids, and other biomolecules that possess reducing properties. These biomolecules interact with metal ions, leading to the reduction and nucleation of nanoparticles. Additionally, the proteins in egg white act as capping agents, stabilizing the nanoparticles and preventing their aggregation. The proteins of white albumen have different functional groups and maintain product attributes, such as dispersion and stability. This paper focuses on the characterization of ZnO nanoparticles obtained by the assisted synthesis of egg white. This study explores the potential of ovalbumin, the major protein in egg white, as a template for the synthesis of nanostructured ZnO. The synthesis process utilized egg white from different sources (commercially raised hens, home-raised hens, and ducks) and varying zinc nitrate concentrations (1M and 2M) to evaluate their influence on nanoparticle morphology and size. Various complementary techniques are employed to analyze the resulting nanostructures: XRD, SEM, and ATR-FTIR. Also, antibacterial properties are investigated. This study underscores the viability of different egg whites as a green resources for synthesizing nanostructured ZnO and contributes to the development of sustainable nanotechnology approaches.

Bacteria-Inspired Synthesis of Silver-Doped Zinc Oxide Nanocomposites: A Novel Synergistic Approach in Controlling Biofilm and Quorum-Sensing-Regulated Virulence Factors in Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections pose a critical challenge to healthcare systems, particularly in nosocomial settings. This drug-resistant bacterium forms biofilms and produces an array of virulent factors regulated by quorum sensing. In this study, metal-tolerant bacteria were isolated from a metal-contaminated site and screened for their ability to synthesize multifunctional nanocomposites (NCs). Rapid color changes in the reaction solution evidenced the biotransformation process. The potent isolated Bacillus cereus SASAK, identified via 16S rRNA sequencing and deposited in GenBank under accession number MH885570, facilitated the microbial-mediated synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles and silver-doped ZnO NCs. These biogenic nanocomposites were characterized using UV-VIS-NIR spectroscopy, FTIR, XRD, zeta potential, HRTEM, FESEM, and EDX analyses. At a sub-MIC concentration of 100 µg/mL, 2% Ag-ZnO NCs effectively inhibited virulent factor production and biofilm formation in P. aeruginosa without affecting bacterial growth. Notably, there was a significant reduction in violacein pigment (96.25%), swarming motility, and pyocyanin concentration (1.87 µg/mL). Additionally, biofilm formation (81.1%) and EPS production (83.9%) using P. aeruginosa were substantially hindered, along with reduced extracellular protease activity, as indicated by zone formation (from 2.3 to 1.8 cm). This study underscores the potential of Ag-ZnO NCs as promising agents for combating quorum sensing-mediated virulence in chronic infections caused by multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa.

Decoding Plant‐Based Green Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles

ABSTRACTThis study presents, for the first time, the comparison of behavior between two commonly found plant species, their extracts, and their major constituents (glucose and sucrose constituting over 70% of their dried extract) to synthesize zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) from zinc nitrate hexahydrate. The findings underscore the critical role of sugars as key constituents in facilitating this synthesis. This research demonstrates that the process can occur at relatively low temperatures (120°C). However, it necessitates a specific ratio of reactants to produce “clean” ZnO NPs. These findings offer significant insights into the optimization and control of the nanoparticle synthesis process.

Biosynthesis, Characterisation and Therapeutic potential of green coconut waste derived zinc oxide nanoparticles

The application of nanotechnology has revolutionized the biomedical health sector by introducing innovative and more effective therapeutic approaches. This study explores the utilization of ethanolic mesocarp extract from green coconut (GC) both as stabilizing and reducing agent in the synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs). The confirmation of nanoparticle synthesis underwent thorough characterization using various techniques including X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, ultraviolet (UV) spectroscopy, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). UV–Vis studies revealed a maximum absorption wavelength of 375 nm, while XRD analysis confirmed their wurtzite hexagonal structure with an average grain size ranging from 20 to 30nm. Additionally, FT-IR spectra demonstrated the presence of functional groups and proteins as stabilizing agents surrounding the ZnO NPs. SEM analysis revealed the morphology of synthesized NPs. The green-synthesized ZnO NPs exhibited significant zone of inhibition against various bacterial strains including Klebsiella pneumonia (29.5± 0.28mm), Escherichia coli. (28.4 ±1.2), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (22±1.2 mm), P. putida (18±2.6), Bacillus subtilis (19.2± 0.47) and Staphylococcus aureus (18.6±2.6mm). Although the antifungal activity was relatively lower, the synthesized NPs displayed excellent antimicrobial activity. Moreover, antioxidant activity was measured by using DPPH radical scavenging that comes out to be 60.15 ± 0.31. Also, in vitro evaluation demonstrated superior antidiabetic activity of GC ZnO NPs, with substantial inhibition percentages against amylase and glucosidase enzymes. Overall, these findings underscore the potential therapeutic applications of GC ZnO NPs, highlighting their effectiveness in combating diseases and their promising role in biomedical research.

Eco-friendly synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles from Achillea millefolium: Multifunctional applications in plant growth and nematode control

Eco-friendly synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles from Achillea millefolium: Multifunctional applications in plant growth and nematode control

Comparative Assessment of the Antibacterial Property of Cotton Fabric Coated with the Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Synthesized Using Chemical and Green Approach

AbstractWorldwide, increasing pollution and bacterial infections are posing a serious risk to human well‐being and society. Clothing and textiles are the major pathways for the transmission and aggravation of infectious diseases. Thus, imparting antibacterial properties to the textiles is perceived with great interest. With this motivation, this study aims to fabricate durable antibacterial cotton fabrics to protect the wearer from pathogenic microorganisms. Herein, the synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) via chemical (ZOCM) and green (ZOGM) routes, which were eventually applied onto the cotton fabric using the padding‐drying‐curing technique. The synthesized ZnO NPs and ZnO‐deposited cotton fabrics were analyzed by various characterization techniques. Including UV–vis, FTIR, BET, XRD, SEM‐EDAX, and TGA analysis. Additionally, the antibacterial effectiveness, washing durability, and mechanical properties of finished cotton (ZOCMC, ZOGMC) and uncoated fabric were investigated. The results indicate that ZOGM and ZOGMC show higher antibacterial efficiency than ZOCM and ZOCMC. Moreover, TGA analysis reveals the amount of ZnO loading before and its retention after multiple washing cycles. ZOGMC exhibits good adherence of NPs and better washing durability than ZOCMC. This study underscores the significance of environmentally friendly green synthesis methods for producing ZnO NPs, showcasing the potential for advancement in healthcare textiles.

Biogenic synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles using NARC G1 garlic (Allium sativum) extract, their photocatalytic activity for dye degradation and antioxidant activity of the extract

Biogenic synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles using NARC G1 garlic (Allium sativum) extract, their photocatalytic activity for dye degradation and antioxidant activity of the extract

Green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles using plant extract for catalysis applications.

A plant extract was used as the reducing and capping agent for the green production of zinc oxide nanoparticles. Various techniques, including XRD, SEM, EDX, FT-IR, TGA/DTA, UV-Vis, and TEM, were used for characterization of the materials. These materials exhibited efficient catalysis for the alkylation of acetophenone with benzyl alcohol.

Green Synthesis and Application of Zinc Oxide (ZnO) Nanoparticles from Cenchrus setigerus Vahl in Herbal Handwash as Antimicrobial Reducer

AbstractIn the current study, ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) were synthesized via green chemistry protocols from the Cenchrus setigerus Vahl plant leaf extracts. For the synthesis of ZnO NPs, about 100 mM zinc sulfate heptahydrate salt (ZnSO4·7H2O) was taken in an aqueous solution along with Cenchrus setigerus Vahl extracts as a reducing and capping agent. The reaction mixture was stirred constantly till the color change was observed. The synthesized ZnO NPs were dried and characterized by UV, FT‐IR, PXRD, SEM, and EDX. From the results, the calculated particle size was about 9.91 nm, with a crystalline nature. In UV–visible it shows characteristics peak at the region of 372 nm, while orthorhombic structure was predicted from their SEM analysis. Using the agar well diffusion method, the antibacterial potentials were determined for the synthesized ZnO NPs at three different concentrations: 500, 700, and 900 µg/mL, against Bacillus subtilis, S. aureus, E. coli, and K. pneumoniae. Similarly, the antibacterial potentials were evaluated for herbal handwash, synthesized from the methanolic extract of Ocimum basilicum and Azadirachta indica. The comparison of ZnO NPs incorporated herbal handwash, and herbal handwash was performed against skin pathogens, which were found more beneficial.

Green Synthesis of ZnO Nanoparticles Using Ficus benghalensis for Visible Light-Driven Photocatalytic Degradation of Crystal Violet and Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Activities.

Crystal Violet (CV) is a vibrant and harmful dye known for its toxicity to aquatic life and potential carcinogenic effects on humans. This study explores the removal of CV through photocatalysis driven by visible light, as well as examining the antibacterial and antibiofilm characteristics of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) synthesized from the aerial roots of Ficus benghalensis. Various characterization techniques were employed to confirm the optical properties, crystal lattices, and morphology of ZnO NPs. TEM images showed that the ZnO NPs had a spherical shape, with an average size of 40 to 80 nm. The photocatalytic analysis revealed that the synthesized ZnO NPs exhibited substantial activity under visible light, effectively degrading 90.6% of CV in an aqueous solution. The antibacterial activity of synthesized ZnO NPs was evaluated against clinically relevant bacterial strains such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus subtilis, revealing notable zones of inhibition. Moreover, the ZnO NPs exhibited antibiofilm activity of 96.8 ± 0.5% and 98.3 ± 0.3% against P. aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus, respectively. In conclusion, this study demonstrated the potential of the synthesized ZnO NPs as a sustainable solution for wastewater treatment and antibacterial applications.