Zinc Deposits Research Articles

GEOMONITORING OF THE OPEN-PIT MINE SLOPES DURING SUBSOIL DEVELOPMENT

The concept of geomonitoring and its role in developing the mining industry as a case study of the development of copper and zinc deposits in central Kazakhstan ("East Saryoba" mine) has been considered. As a crucial element of the geomonitoring concept, the control of the open-pit mine's slope stability has been examined. Geomonitoring is being treated as a combination of geodetic monitoring data and geomechanical properties of the surrounding rocks to analyze the possible slopes' collapses. The refined approach of geomonitoring has been developed to provide appropriate reliability and accuracy. The technology is based on complex knowledge about the geological structure of the object of monitoring and applying state-of-the-art geodetic methods. Research on the geomechanical properties of the open-pit mine has been carried out. The results of these studies have been used to determine the collapse zones of the slopes of the open-pit mine. The limit values for the slopes' collapse zone and inclination angle for the prospective excavation regions in the open-pit mine have been calculated using the equilibrium state equation. Those values, namely, the size of the collapse zone and the slope's inclination angle, were used for the geodetic target setup. As a case study, the displacements of these targets were measured using robotic total stations placed on the control points over the geodetic network. For the installation of both geodetic equipment during the geomonitoring design and accomplishment, the authors developed the permanent measuring station construction, which provides fast and accurate centering. The first results showed that the problem of the geomonitoring design could be solved based on geomechanical rock properties accounting and their combination with the results of geodetic measurements.

Short-Wavelength Infrared Characteristics and Indications of Exploration of the Jiawula Silver–Lead–Zinc Deposit in Inner Mongolia

For the Jiawula lead–zinc deposit, as easily accessible resources become depleted, mines are becoming deeper to replenish ore reserves. Identifying large, continuous, and high-grade ore bodies in deep areas has become a daunting problem. Moreover, separating lead–zinc-bearing complex ore bodies from waste material and extracting them from associated minerals are also difficult. Thus, pioneering exploratory strategies and technological methodologies are required to make breakthroughs in mineral discovery. Based on extensive-scale structural lithofacies mapping, this paper uses short-wave infrared (SWIR) spectroscopy technology to investigate hydrothermal alteration minerals in the mining area. It has identified a total of 16 hydroxyl-bearing alteration minerals, including chlorite, muscovite, illite, calcite, ankerite, kaolinite, and smectite. These minerals establish zoning characteristics around the ore bodies and on their flanks. They comprise a segmented assemblage that follows the pattern of comb-textured quartz–illite–chlorite–carbonate → muscovite–illite–chlorite–ankerite → illite–smectite–chlorite → chlorite–kaolinite–calcite. Deep-zone illitization with a lower Al–OH absorbance peak wavelength (<2206 nm) and higher crystallinity indices (>1.1) and chloritization with higher Fe–OH absorbance peak wavelengths (>2254) and higher crystallinity indices (>3.0) are indicators of potential hydrothermal centers in the deeper regions. By finding hydrothermal centers and connecting their spatial distribution with existing ore bodies, a pertinent relationship between diabase + andesite, Fe-chlorite + illite, and high-grade mineralization has been established. They correspond well with the lithology-alteration mineralization. This research provides a basis for predicting the positioning of concealed ore bodies deep inside a mine or at the periphery.

Silver nanoflake-mediated anode texture control enabling deep cycling of aqueous zinc-ion batteries

The escalating popularity of aqueous zinc-ion batteries has prompted substantial research efforts directed at mitigating zinc dendrites and parasitic reactions. Modifying Zn foil electrodes with Ag metal/alloy has emerged as an efficacious strategy owing to the exceptional zincophilicity and remarkable electrical conductivity of Ag. Nevertheless, previous studies predominantly rely on either 3D architectures or Ag nanowires/particles. The former approach may increase costs and compromise energy density, while the latter inadequately guides planar zinc deposition. In this work, Ag nanoflakes synthesized by a solution method are employed to control Zn anode texture through a facile drop-casting technique. The nanoflake morphology facilitates the horizontal arrangement of Ag modification layer, thereby readily promoting horizontal zinc deposition. It is also found that the Ag nanoflakes can improve electrolyte wettability, augment anti-corrosion ability, homogenize electric field, diminish nucleation overpotential, reduce desolvation activation energy, impede two-dimensional Zn2+ ion diffusion, reduce exchange current density, lower electrochemical impedances, and result in the formation of AgZn3 alloy. Correspondingly, the zinc stripping/plating reversibility is significantly improved, accompanied by considerably inhibited parasitic reaction, contributing to the realization of deep cycling for both Zn//Zn cell and Zn//MnO2 battery. This study unveils a viable morphology-tailored methodology to achieve dendrite-free characteristic.

Stress Prerelease‐Driven Dendrite‐Free Growth Mechanism to Stabilize Zn Anodes

AbstractThe mechanical properties of zinc anodes in rechargeable zinc‐based batteries are neglected. Indeed, electrode stress in zinc crystallization (ESZC) contributes to excess chemical potential under enormous deposition stress, severely impacting zinc crystal patterns and reaction kinetics. Herein, a stress prerelease mechanism to minimize ESZC and drive dendrite‐free zinc anode growth is proposed. The internal stress of the freestanding electrode is prereleased by full‐contact soft‐substrate constraints during fabrication. Under the compression of crystallization stress, the freestanding electrode rapidly deforms and self‐releases into microstrains to reduce ESZC. Furthermore, the weakening of ESZC under the stress‐prerelease mechanism is modified to the actual reaction kinetics, which establishes a direct link between electrode stress and zinc deposition pattern. The processes of crystalline stress transfer and self‐release under the stress prerelease mechanism are revealed using in situ strain monitors. Stress‐prereleased freestanding electrodes drive uniform zinc nucleation and subsequent radial diffusion, guiding Zn epitaxial growth on the nanofibers surface. During repeated deposition/stripping, the stress prerelease mechanism steadily diminishes the possibility of dendrite growth and guarantees the stable operation of dendrite‐free zinc anodes. The stress prereleased freestanding electrodes induce symmetric and full cells to achieve stable and excellent performance.

Lamellar Nanoporous Metal/Intermetallic Compound Heterostructure Regulating Dendrite-Free Zinc Electrodeposition for Wide-Temperature Aqueous Zinc-Ion Battery.

Aqueous zinc-ion batteries are attractive post-lithium battery technologies for grid-scale energy storage because of their inherent safety, low cost and high theoretical capacity. However, their practical implementation in wide-temperature surroundings persistently confronts irregular zinc electrodeposits and parasitic side reactions on metal anode, which leads to poor rechargeability, low Coulombic efficiency and short lifespan. Here, this work reports lamellar nanoporous Cu/Al2Cu heterostructure electrode as a promising anode host material to regulate high-efficiency and dendrite-free zinc electrodeposition and stripping for wide-temperatures aqueous zinc-ion batteries. In this unique electrode, the interconnective Cu/Al2Cu heterostructure ligaments not only facilitate fast electron transfer but work as highly zincophilic sites for zinc nucleation and deposition by virtue of local galvanic couples while the interpenetrative lamellar channels serving as mass transport pathways. As a result, it exhibits exceptional zinc plating/stripping behaviors in aqueous hybrid electrolyte of diethylene glycol dimethyl ether and zinc trifluoromethanesulfonate at wide temperatures ranging from 25 to -30°C, with ultralow voltage polarizations at various current densities and ultralong lifespan of >4000 h. The outstanding electrochemical properties enlist full cell of zinc-ion batteries constructed with nanoporous Cu/Al2Cu and ZnxV2O5/C to maintain high capacity and excellent stability for >5000 cycles at 25 and -30°C.

Regulation of aqueous electrolyte interface via electrolyte strategies for uniform zinc deposition

Regulation of aqueous electrolyte interface via electrolyte strategies for uniform zinc deposition

Achieving highly reversible regulation of zinc deposition through ultrafast in situ construction of multifunctional zinc anode interfaces

The zinc anode surface suffers from severe zinc dendrite growth and side reactions, such as hydrogen evolution, significantly diminishing its reversibility and cycle life. In this study, we have introduced and successfully implemented, for the first time, the ultrafast in-situ construction of a periodic semi-spherical multifunctional interfacial layer composed of copper nanoparticles (Cu|Zn) on the zinc anode surface. By optimizing the distribution of the electric field and Zn2+ concentration, we effectively mitigate the “Tip effect”, achieving highly reversible control over zinc deposition, and the in-situ construction process takes only 3 min. Theoretical calculations and COMSOL simulations demonstrate that the Cu|Zn anode exhibits high binding energy, a uniform electric field, and Zn2+ concentration distribution. Experimental results reveal that the Cu|Zn anode achieves exceptional long-term cyclic stability, exceeding 3200 h at 1 mA cm−2 and remaining cyclically stable for over 2000 h at 5 mA cm−2. Furthermore, in a full cell with MnO2@MXene as the cathode material, the Cu|Zn anode delivers a capacity of 282.1 mA h g−1 after 1400 cycles at 2 A g−1. This study holds significance for the rational design of high-stability and reversible interface layers, promoting their practical application in aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZBs).

Dendrite‐Free Zinc Anode via Oriented Plating with Alkaline Earth Metal Ion Additives

AbstractThe cost‐effectiveness and environmentally friendly nature of aqueous zinc‐ion batteries (ZIBs) have garnered significant attention. Nevertheless, obstacles such as dendrite growth and side reactions have hindered their practical application. Here, an alkaline earth metal ion, strontium ions (Sr2+), is chosen as a dual‐functional electrolyte additive to improve the reversibility of ZIBs. Importantly, Sr2+ ions adsorb on the anode surface, creating a dynamic electrostatic shield layer, thus regulating the Zn2+ deposition behavior and suppressing side reactions. Meanwhile, Sr2+ ions prefer to adsorb on (002) and (110) planes of Zn, thus inducing the preferential deposition of (100) crystal plane and achieving dendrite‐free zinc anode. Consequently, the assembled Zn||Zn symmetric battery delivers an ultralong lifespan of 3500 h, and the Zn||Ti asymmetric battery shows a superior Coulombic efficiency of 99.8% for Zn stripping/plating at 2 mA cm−2. Further, the Zn||NH4V4O10 battery presents an excellent retention of 97.7% over 800 cycles under 2 A g−1. This research introduces a novel alkaline earth metal ion electrolyte additive and establishes its persistent dynamic electrostatic shielding effect and preferentially oriented (100) plane plating, ensuring dendrite‐free zinc deposition. These findings chart a course for further exploration of unexplored alkaline earth elements in enhancing metal battery technologies.

Modulation of Interfacial Characteristics of Copper Electrode by Electrodeposited Cu@Ti for High-Performance Anode-Free Zinc Ion Batteries.

Preparation of the NC-Cu@Ti electrode involved electrochemical deposition of nanocrystalline copper on the surface of titanium foil using a constant potential method, intended for high stability anode-free zinc ion battery (ZIB) anode material applications. This paper examines the effect of Cu2+ concentration in the electrodeposition solution on the structure and morphology of copper crystals on the NC-Cu@Ti electrode surface. The study also assesses how the interfacial properties of the NC-Cu@Ti electrode affect the process of anodic zinc deposition without anodic ZIBs. Our data suggest that with a voltage setting of -0.95 V and a copper ion concentration of 0.5 M in the solution, the deposition rate of copper crystals on the NC-Cu@Ti-0.5 electrode remains consistent. The resultant crystal phase surface appears smooth with a fine grain size. The NC-Cu@Ti-0.5 electrodes have increased hydrogen potentials and superior corrosion resistance; noting zinc nucleation sites at a mere 21.4 mV, it can provide stable electrochemical conditions for the zinc deposition interface of ZIBs and accelerate the process of zinc desolvation and nucleation. The constructed Zn//NC-Cu@Ti-0.5 asymmetric cell displays swift zinc deposition/stripping kinetics, elevated Coulombic efficiency, and prolonged stability (maintaining nearly 99% after 200 cycles). This performance significantly extends the service life relative to the Zn//Zn symmetric cell, which operates stably for 400 h at 1 mA/cm2. Moreover, the NC-Cu@Ti-0.5//MnO2 ZIBs offer enhanced conductivity and magnification performance to the pure zinc anode ZIBs. This study presents a novel approach for the low-cost and rapid preparation of anode materials for high-performance free-anode ZIBs.

Effects of supplementation with different zinc-based products on the growth and health of Nile tilapia

Zinc is one of the essential microelements for the metabolism of animals. Zinc nanoparticles may have higher bioavailability due to their low specific surface area, facilitating absorption by fish. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of supplementation with different zinc-based products on the growth and health of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus. Zinc, in different sizes (nanoparticles or bulk) and forms (inorganic or organic), were used as a supplement in the tilapia diet at a dose of 15 mg kg feed−1 for 60 days. At the end of the feeding trial, production performance, hemato-immunological parameters, activity of antioxidant system enzymes, exposure to Streptococcus agalactiae and zinc concentration in the muscle were examined. After the bacterial challenge, the mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) significantly increased in the fish treated with organic zinc, inorganic nano zinc, and organic nano zinc, while in the control group (inorganic zinc), MCHC remained unchanged. Regarding defense cells, dietary inorganic nano zinc increased the number of basophils (1.50 ± 1.10) compared to organic zinc (0.80 ± 0.90). Lymphocyte count increased after the challenge only in the organic zinc treatments (bulk and nanoparticles). Neutrophils decreased in the control (inorganic zinc) (2.20 ± 1.70) and inorganic nano zinc (2.60 ± 2.70) treatments after the challenge. When compared before and after the bacterial challenge, the plasma antimicrobial titer significantly increased after the bacterial challenge in all treatments. No significant differences were observed for total proteins, enzymes (SOD and CAT), cumulative survival and zinc deposition on fillet. In conclusion, organic zinc in nanoparticles or bulk size increased Nile tilapia innate defense during bacterial infection. However, the other parameters evaluated were not affected by zinc particle size or form (organic or inorganic), indicating that further evaluations should be conducted with organic zinc in nanoparticles or bulk size in the tilapia diet.

Construction of an artificial zinc alloy layer toward stable zinc-metal anode

Aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) present a promising option for next-generation batteries given their high safety, eco-friendliness, and resource sustainability. Nonetheless, the practical application of zinc anodes is hindered by inevitable parasitic reactions and dendrite growth. Here, zinc alloy layers (i.e., ZnCo and ZnFe alloys) were rationally constructed on the zinc surface by chemical displacement reactions. The alloying process exposes more (002) planes of the ZnCo anode to guide the preferential and dendrite-free zinc deposition. Furthermore, the ZnCo alloy layer not only effectively inhibits water-induced side reactions but also accelerates electrode kinetics, enabling highly reversible zinc plating/stripping. As a result, the ZnCo anode achieves a Coulombic efficiency of 99.2% over 1300 cycles, and the ZnCo symmetric cell exhibits a long cycle life of over 2000 h at 4.4 mA cm−2. Importantly, the ZnCo//NH4V4O10 full cell retains a high discharge capacity of 218.4 mAh g−1 after 800 cycles. Meanwhile, the ZnFe-based symmetric cell also displays excellent cycling stability over 2500 h at 1.77 mA cm−2. This strategy provides a facile anode modification approach toward high-performance AZIBs.

Dual-functional ionic liquids additive enables dendrite-free Zn anode with ultra-long cycle life over one year

Zn anodes suffer from the formation of uncontrolled dendrites aggravated by the uneven electric field and the insulating by-product accumulation in aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs). Here, an effective strategy implemented by 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate (BMIHSO4) additive is proposed to synergistically tune the crystallographic orientation of zinc deposition and suppress the formation of zinc hydroxide sulfate for enhancing the reversibility on Zn anode surface. As a competing cation, BMI+ is proved to preferably adsorb on Zn-electrode compared with H2O molecules, which shields the “tip effect” and inhibits the Zn-deposition agglomerations to inducing the horizontal growth along Zn (002) crystallographic texture. Simultaneously, the protonated BMIHSO4 additives could remove the detrimental OH– in real-time to fundamentally eliminate the accumulation of 6Zn(OH)2·ZnSO4·4H2O and Zn4SO4(OH)6·H2O on Zn anode surface. Consequently, Zn anode exhibits an ultra-long cycling stability of one year (8762 h) at 0.2 mA cm−2/0.2 mAh cm−2, 3600 h at 2 mA cm−2/2 mAh cm−2 with a high plating cumulative capacity of 3.6 Ah cm−2, and a high average Coulombic efficiency of 99.6 % throughout 1000 cycles. This work of regulating Zn deposition texture combined with eliminating notorious by-products could offer a desirable way for stabilizing the Zn-anode/electrolyte interface in AZIBs.

Molecular crowding electrolytes for stabilizing Zn metal anode in rechargeable aqueous batteries

A solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) with a robust mechanical property and a high ionic conductivity is imperative for high-performance zinc metal batteries. However, it is difficult to form such a SEI directly from an electrolyte. In this work, a molecular crowding effect is based on the introduction of Zn(OTF)2 and Zn(ClO4)2 to 2 mol/L ZnSO4 electrolytes. Simulations and experiments indicate that the Zn(OTF)2 and Zn(ClO4)2 not only create a molecularly crowded electrolyte environment to promote the interaction of Zn2+and OTF−, but also participate in the reduction to construct a robust and high ionic-conductive SEI, thus promoting metal zinc deposition to the (002) crystal surface. With this molecular crowding electrolyte, a high current density of 1 mA/cm2 can be obtained by assembling symmetric batteries with Zn as the anode for over 1000 h. And in a temperature environment of −10 °C, a current density of 1 mA/cm2 can be obtained by assembling symmetric batteries with Zn for over 200 h. Zn//Bi2S3/VS4@C cells achieve a CE rate of up to 99.81% over 1000 cycles. Hence, the utilization of a molecular crowding electrolyte is deemed a highly effective approach to fabricating a sophisticated SEI for a zinc anode.

A dual-functional rare earth halide additive for high-performance aqueous zinc ion batteries

Aqueous zinc ion batteries have received much attention due to their high theoretical capacity, inherent safety, and low cost. However, the growth of zinc dendrites and side reactions hinder its practical application. In this study, a rare-earth metal salt, europium chloride (EuCl3), is used as a new electrolyte additive to regulate the uniform deposition of zinc and inhibit the interfacial side reactions. The EuCl3 additive benefits for preferentially Zn2+ deposition along the (002) crystal plane, as well as suppress the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) at electrode-electrolyte interface. As a result, the capacity retention of the Zn//NaV3O8 full cell assembled with the modified electrolyte much better than that without additives, showing a long-term cycling life and high coulombic efficiency at a current density of 10 A g−1. This new dual-functional rare earth halide additive strategy provides great potential for the development of practical aqueous zinc ion batteries and other battery systems.

Modulation of water reactivity by ethyl acetate/water co-solvent for zinc-metal batteries

The realization of durable aqueous zinc-metal batteries is hindered by uncontrollable Zn dendrite growth and serious parasitic reactions. Here, a miscible ethyl acetate (EA)/H2O co-solvent electrolyte is constructed by salting-in effect of Zn(OTf)2 to manipulate the solvation structures of Zn2+ and disrupt the original strong H-bond networks built by H2O. It reveals that EA molecules and OTf- jointly forms EA-H2O-OTf- co-dominated solvation sheath structure, weakening the coordination between Zn2+ and water molecules, meanwhile promoting Zn2+ immigration in reconstructed co-solvent H-bond environment. Besides, de-solvation water molecules with higher ionization barrier significantly inhibits H2O reactivity. Further, the introduced EA molecules are prone to preferentially adsorbed in Holmhertz Electrical Double Layers, which forms a hydrophobic interphase to regulate the uniform distribution of Zn2+ fluxes by steric structure. Therefore, it realizes dendrite-free zinc deposition with long plating/stripping stability of over 1300 h at 1 mA cm−2. In particular, the low temperature (600 cycles at −40 ℃) and ultra-long durable (20,000 cycles with 100 % capacity retention) electrochemical performance in Zn||Active Carbon zinc-ion capacitors, as well as long cycling stability (average coulombic efficiency of 99.91 % at 1 A g−1 after 1000 cycles) in Zn|| NaV3O8·1.5H2O batteries are also achieved.

Ultrafast laser one-step construction of 3D micro-/nanostructures achieving high-performance zinc metal anodes

Aqueous zinc-ion batteries provide a most promising alternative to the existing lithium-ion batteries due to their high theoretical capacity, intrinsic safety, and low cost. However, commercializing aqueous zinc-ion batteries suffer from dendritic growth and side reactions on the surface of metallic zinc, resulting in poor reversibility. To overcome this critical challenge, here, we report a one-step ultrafast laser processing method for fabricating three-dimensional micro-/nanostructures on zinc anodes to optimize zinc nucleation and deposition processes. It is demonstrated that the three-dimensional micro-/nanostructure with increased specific surface area significantly reduces nucleation overpotential, as well as preferentially absorbs zinc ions to prevent dendritic protuberances and corrosion. As a result, the presence of three-dimensional micro-/nanostructures on the zinc metal delivers stable zinc plating/stripping beyond 2500 h (2 mA cm-2/1 mAh cm-2) in symmetric cells, a high Coulombic efficiency (99.71%) in half cells, and moreover an improved capacity retention (71.8%) is also observed in full cells. Equally intriguingly, the pouch cell with three-dimensional micro-/nanostructures can operate across various bending states without severely compromising performance. This work provides an effective strategy to construct ultrafine and high-precision three-dimensional micro-/nanostructures achieving high-performance zinc metal anodes and is expected to be of immediate benefit to other metal-based electrodes.

On the Electrodeposition of Zinc in Low Magnetic Fields

Abstract While aqueous zinc-based batteries have garnered much research on account of their improved safety, lower cost, and easier fabrication over lithium-ion batteries, they remain held back by dendrite growth on the anode. While many different solutions have been proposed, these solutions often greatly complicate the synthesis or materials in the battery. The application of a magnetic field across the battery has been shown to inhibit dendrite formation without the need for any materials or interface engineering. Herein, we provide a study on the effects of low magnetic fields on the electrodeposition and cycling of zinc in various aqueous systems. We demonstrate that although stronger fields have more immediate impacts on the morphology of zinc deposits, low magnetic fields are still suitable for inhibiting dendrite growth over long periods of cycling. Magnetic field strengths as low as 29 mT were shown to decrease charge transfer resistance of zinc ion deposition by up to 54% and to stabilize the cycling of Zn/Zn symmetric cells. Furthermore, the versatility of magnetic field application was demonstrated by affecting the morphology of zinc deposits on both copper and single-walled carbon nanotubes, which are both compatible with anode-free configurations of aqueous zinc-ion batteries.

A New Concept in Antidiabetic Therapeutics: A Concerted Removal of Labile Iron and Intracellular Deposition of Zinc.

A New Concept in Antidiabetic Therapeutics: A Concerted Removal of Labile Iron and Intracellular Deposition of Zinc.

In-situ growth of hydrophobic zinc succinate interphase with high ionic conductivity toward stable zinc anodes

Aqueous zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs) are a promising solution for energy storage due to their affordability, high performance, environmental friendliness, and excellent safety features. However, zinc metal anodes are prone to capacity degradation and short circuits due to side reactions and dendrite growth during cycling. To address this issue, a dual-function artificial solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) made of zinc succinate complex (ZnSA) is in-situ constructed on zinc anodes by a simple and cost-effective soaking approach. This interphase is hydrophobic and highly ionic conductive (4.5 mS cm−1). It has a low electronic conductivity (1.6 mS cm−1) and a large Zn2+ transfer number (0.63). The hydrophobic SEI progressively represses water-induced side reactions, lowers zinc nucleation overpotential, accelerates zinc ion diffusion, and regulates homogeneous zinc deposition. As a result, the ZnSA@Zn symmetric cell achieves an impressive lifespan of 4450 h at 1 mA cm−2 for 0.5 mAh cm−2, which is significantly better than the bare zinc cell and superior to many recently reported zinc anodes. Furthermore, the V2O5//ZnSA@Zn batteries exhibit outstanding rate performance and remarkable long-term operation stability for 2000 cycles at 1 A/g. This innovative and cost-effective strategy opens up new possibilities for developing high-performance aqueous zinc-ion batteries.

In Situ Grown Coordination-Supramolecular Layer Holding 3D Charged Channels for Highly Reversible Zn Anodes.

Dynamic reversible noncovalent interactions make supramolecular framework (SF) structures flexible and designable. A three-dimensional (3D) growth of such frameworks is beneficial to improve the structure stability while maintaining unique properties. Here, through the ionic interaction of the polyoxometalate cluster, coordination of zinc ions with cationic terpyridine, and hydrogen bonding of grafted carboxyl groups, the construction of a 3D SF at a well-crystallized state is realized. The framework can grow in situ on the Zn surface, further extending laterally into a full covering without defects. Relying on the dissolution and the postcoordination effects, the 3D SF layer is used as an artificial solid electrolyte interphase to improve the Zn-anode performance. The uniformly distributed clusters within nanosized pores create a negatively charged nanochannel, accelerating zinc ion transfer and homogenizing zinc deposition. The 3D SF/Zn symmetric cells demonstrate high stability for over 3000 h at a current density of 5 mA cm-2.