The author answers the article by Zeev Sternhell, « Emmanuel Mounier and the contestation of liberal democracy in the France of thé 1930s » (Revue française de science politique, 34 (6), December 1984, p.1141-1180). He criticizes ils method and reproaches Zeev Sternhell for having constructed a « hypothetical » Mounier and not wanting to take into account either Mounier's firm anti-totalitarian texts, nor the exact scope of his criticism of parliamentary democracy, nor the prophetie attitude (perhaps somewhat uncautious, but brave and uncompromising on essentials) of the director of Esprit.