Zaporizhzhya Region Research Articles

Determination of body length (height) in identifying an individual by scorched bone remains

On a significant experimental material, mathematically, a working formula and its coefficients for determining the length of the body for long tubular bones and their individual fragments of individual skeletons in females, males and in cases of undetermined sex, regardless of the degree of burning of bone tissue, is obtained. It is recommended that the results be used in the identification process for burned bone remnants. INTRODUCTION. When detecting bone remnants in fires or finding a large number of bone remnants in the cells of explosions, fires, etc., forensic examinations are appointed for the purpose of identifying dead persons. Identification in most of these cases is carried out mainly on a group basis, among which the definition of the height of the deceased person is also important. The principle of determination of height (body length) is based on the detection of the regular ratio of individual long bone tubes with body length [1, 2], or determination of the length of individual bones by their fragments, and according to their parameters, the length of the body was determined [ 3-5 ]. Based on the research conducted, the equations and tables recommended for use are compiled. GOAL. Development of the technique of studying the long tubular bones of the skeleton to determine the body length (height) of the deceased person for burned bone remnants. MATERIAL AND METHODS OF THE STUDY. The material of our experimental researches was selected long tubular bones of skeletons of people who died from traumatic causes in Zaporizhzhya region in the period from 1974 to 2002 and transferred to the department of forensic medicine after forensic investigation and the expiration of the specified shelf life. A total of 600 bones, 300 males and females have been studied. Conclusion. Our proposed method of studying burnt long tubular bones in order to determine the body length of a dead and dismembered person, allows us to solve this issue regardless of the degree of inflammation, by any of these characteristics of long tubular bones, or a combination thereof. The proposed method and the resulting formula allows determining the length of the body of the deceased person, also by native dry bones or their fragments

Analysis of the current state of the enterprises of mechanical engineering of the Zaporozhye region

In the article the modern state of machine-building enterprises of Zaporizhzhya region is investigated. The paper used methods of economic analysis and synthesis, comparison, graphical method. It has been determined that for 2013-2017 the number of machine-building enterprises and the volume of sales of products is growing, with the largest growth rates shown by enterprises engaged in the production of machinery and equipment - almost 300%. It is emphasized that in Zaporozhye region the number of investment and innovative enterprises is insufficient, since under current conditions the investment and innovation activity itself serves as the foundation for the successful operation of machine-building enterprises and is a guarantee of their effective work and improvement of financial and economic condition and competitive positions on the domestic and foreign markets. Based on the analysis of financial and economic indicators of five factories in the region, it is determined that today they operate in extremely difficult conditions. It is substantiated that the main problems hindering the successful activity of machine-building enterprises are obsolete and severe deterioration of fixed assets, low investment and innovative activity, in-depth specialization, staff turnover and insufficient domestic demand for products. In the course of the study, the main measures to eliminate these obstacles are formulated, in particular, it is necessary to carry out modernization and technical re-equipment on the basis of the use of innovative technologies; introduce resource-saving technologies; expand the range of products and move from deep specialization to market orientation; to increase investment attractiveness of the region; to develop and introduce an effective system of motivation of own personnel for innovative activity, etc.

Medical service as a part of everyday life of workers of the ferrous metallurgy enterprises in the first half of 1950s.

The aim of the study is to analyze medical aid given to the workers of ferrous metallurgy enterprises in the first half of the 1950s. Primary medical unit provided medical aid for workers of the ferrous metallurgical enterprises. Because of the lack of medical unit at the metallurgical plant or because there was no medical institutions in the organizational structure of the medical unit, local medical institutions provided the workers with medical care. During the first half of the 1950s, was the problem of the lack of medical staff in the medical institutions caused by insufficient material and household support. It did not allow implementing the shop principle of medical service of metallurgists. At the enterprises, individual shops did not have a factory’s sectorial doctor, or the number of workers assigned to a factory’s sectorial doctor exceeded the norm. Because the local hospitals, which controlled the health post at the ferrous metallurgy enterprises of the Zaporizhzhya region, were placed at a considerable distance, ‘the shop principle’ was not implemented there at all. The personnel problem also affected the formation of queues, which were a characteristic feature of the medical care provided to the workers. Work overload of physicians led to a quick examination of the patients, resulting in mistakes in the diagnosis. Contrary to accepted laws aimed at improving the quality of diagnosis, the periodic medical examinations of workers were not always carried out qualitatively, and the medical examination was carried out in a number of plants partly. In the first half of the 1950s the enterprises of the ferrous metallurgy of Zaporizhzhya region had a problem that the medical institutions were on a far distance and the percentage of patients needed medical help reduced. Lack of hospital beds had caused the untimely hospitalization of patients that prevented recovery of their. Many of the medical institutions were located in the old or non-specialized buildings with limited space, stove heating and primitive food units, without household premises and sewage. Characteristic of the medical services of metallurgists were depreciation of the material fund of medical institutions, lack of medicines, medical equipment. Not all medical institutions were provided with ambulances. There were cases of refusal to leave for a challenge or untimely provision of emergency care. It was concluded that the level of medical services given to the metallurgists in the first half of the 1950s was insufficient, despite the fact that they were workers of one of the leading branches of the Soviet economy.

Chromato-mass-spectrometric assessment of volatile components for nettle (Urtica dioica L.)

The species of nettle (Urtica dioica) are used long ago as hemostaticum for hemorrhages of various genesis both in non-traditional and in official medicine. Besides, the extractions of nettle possess hypolipidemic, cholagogue, anti-inflammatory, spasmolytic, prostatoprotective, adaptogenic properties, etc. Biologic activity of the nettle (Urtica dioica) is conditioned by the presence of various vitamins, carotenoids, proteins, flavonoids, hydroxycinnamic and organic acids, β-cytosterol, volatile compounds and other components.
 The aim of our study was to investigate the qualitative and quantitative composition of the volatile content of nettle.
 The research has been done on aero-dried vegetable raw-material Urtica dioica L. (leaves), stocked in June 2014 in Zaporizhzhya region. Identification and assessment of a number for volatile components has been done on the chromatograph Agilent Technology 6890 N with mass-spectrometric detector 5973.
 Approximately 20 components have been revealed in the leaves of Urtica dioica: hexahydrofarnesilacetate (165,19 mc/kg) and squalene (99,59 mc/kg) are predominated. Phytol, 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol, nonacosane, etc. are presented in lesser number. The content of chrysanthenone, p-cymen-8-ol, verbenone, nerolidol, caryophyllene oxide, tricosane, tetracosane, heptacosane and untriacontane was insignificant (1,9% of the total amount of volatile components). Total number of volatile components in the leaves of Urtica dioica was 498,61 mc/mg. The research of qualitative composition and a number of volatile components in the leaves of Urtica dioica growing in Ukraine demonstrate expediency to carry out the further researches on the species Urtica dioica for using them in elaborating phytodrugs of complex action.

ОЦІНКА АДАПТИВНОГО ПОТЕНЦІАЛУ СОРТІВ ПШЕНИЦІ ОЗИМОЇ (TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.) В УМОВАХ ПІВДЕННОГО СТЕПУ УКРАЇНИ

Наведено результати екологічного випробування 11 сортів пшениці озимої протягом 2012-2017 рр. в умовах Південного Степу України. Показники екологічної пластичності і фенотипової стабільності визначали за методикою Еберхарта-Рассела, а гомеостатичність і коефіцієнт агрономічної стабільності за методикою В.В. Хангільдіна. За результатами оцінки урожайності встановлено, що в середньому по досліджуваним сортам за даний період вона склала 3,59 т/га (V = 22%). Варіювання урожайності пшениці озимої по рокам знаходиться в межах від 1,88 до 5,95 т/га. Встановлено, що визначальними факторами при формуванні продуктивності є умови року (41%) та їх взаємодія з генотипом сорту (42%). Частка впливу сорту склала 16%. Отримані результати дали можливість виділити сорт Шестопалівка, який володіє високою пластичністю (bі = 0,91), стабільністю (Sd 2 = 7,39), гомеостатичністю (Hom = 12,46), має високу господарську цінність (As = 82%), тому відповідно і сформував найвищу середню врожайність за роки досліджень (4,31 т/га). Дані результати можна використовувати в подальшому для складання рекомендацій по вирощуванню пшениці озимої в Південному Степу України. Ключові слова: пшениця озима, сорт, врожайність, екологічна пластичність, стабільність, гомеостатичність, агрономічна цінність

N. Terentеva. Formation of sales strategy using the matrix Shell/Dpm for engineering enterprises of Zaporizhzhya region.

N. Terentеva. Formation of sales strategy using the matrix Shell/Dpm for engineering enterprises of Zaporizhzhya region.

Introduction of alfalfa in the Southern Ukraine

The gathering of raw materials from cultivated medicinal herbs has several advantages over compounding wild-growing thickets. In particular, it is possible to use mechanized processing techniques, increase the crop yields by improving agronomy and plant breeding, increase the quality of raw materials at optimal terms of gathering and ensuring rational drying conditions. Correct crop rotation, application of fertilizers, protection of plants from pests, diseases and weeds, and also special activities can contribute to increasing the production of raw material of medicinal herbs. The great importance has the development of agronomic recommendations for cultivated forest plants and essential oil plants, introduction of industrial technologies of cultivating medicinal crops and carrying out works of seed production into the practice of plant growing. As we conduct the introduction of medicinal plants, a special place is given to the most important features of the chemical composition in view of its possible variability at the new conditions of existence. In our work the results of the research of samples of 20 sorts of alfalfa in the area of the Zaporizhzhya region are represented. Seed material was obtained from the Institute of Forage and Agriculture of Podillya of the NAAS, Vinnytsya. We received 5g of every type of seed that was not subjected to preliminary processing, 20 varieties, different countries of origin. And in the future, we plan to research the chemical composition and the content of the derivatives of 4-oxycoumarin of the harvested raw material, because this group of chemical compounds can accumulate and to have the pharmacological action as anticoagulants. The dropping of alfalfa in the experiment were carried out according to the soil readiness for the optimum terms for the culture. The cultivation technology is generally accepted for alfalfa. Observations, accounting and analysis were conducted in accordance with the Methodological Instructions and the Technique of field experiments. It was established that the height of alfalfa was within the range of 48.8 - 74.1 cm. The introduction was carried out on the territory of Institute of Oilseeds National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine (Zaporizhzhya). We made observations of the average climatic indexes within the researched period. In researching the introduction of alfalfa varieties, we investigated of the conformity of growth of alfalfa varieties towards the climatic conditions of Southern Ukraine. The most suitable indicators had the variety of Ukrainian origin (No. 20) Sinucha; it height was 53.3 ± 3.0 cm and weight of dried plant was 25.4 ± 4.3 g.

МОДЕЛЬ ЕКОЛОГО-ЛАНДШАФТОЗНАВЧОГО ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ РЕГІОНАЛЬНОЇ СИСТЕМИ ПРИРОДОКОРИСТУВАННЯ ЗАПОРІЗЬКОЇ ОБЛАСТІ

Abstract: Steppe landscapes, which are within Ukraine, over the last few centuries has undergone significant negative changes due to the unreasonable use of soil resources (excessive ploughing), soil salinity under irrigation in agriculture and other forms of anthropogenic impact. The territory of modern Zaporizhzhya region, which belongs to steppe landscapes, as a result of human activities is also dramatically changed. For the further organization of the rational environmental management, first of all, it is necessary to provide scientific-based recommendations for the reduction of anthropogenic human impact on the landscapes of the region. Nowadays, this is a topical and very important issue, but without a perfect research algorithm, the solution of the question is impossible. The main methods of studying the anthropogenic impact and the state of regional nature management have been considered in the article. On the basis of existing methods and rules the four main stages of the study have been identified and the algorithm that reflects the sequence and conditionality of the procedure for anthropogenic impact on the landscapes of Zaporizhzhya region has been developed. At the first stage, collection and systematization of the available information with a corresponding set of actions, including field studies, took place. At the second stage, the theoretical and methodological base of the research was formulated – from the generalization of theoretical foundations of the research, the definition of the object and subject, the analysis of the current state of the study of the issue to the development of its own solution of the scientific issue. The third stage envisaged the study of the structure features and functioning of the landscapes of Zaporizhzhya region – from the analysis of natural and anthropogenic factors of the formation of modern landscape structure, the specific features of natural conditions and resources, the anthropogenization processes to the analysis of the actual structure and peculiarities of natural and anthropogenic landscapes functioning. At the fourth stage, the current state of regional environmental management of Zaporizhzhya region has been analyzed, the features of the manifestation of unfavourable natural means, as well as the analysis of the dependence of their manifestation on the level of anthropogenic transformation, have been revealed. The author’s suggestions as to the organization of rational environmental management in the region and the basis of the management system of the landscape have been formulated through the procedure of accurate accomplishment of its stages such as planning, design, implementation and control. Keywords:

Application of Cluster Analysis for Identifying Homogenous Zones of Operation of Agricultural Enterprises

The cluster analysis ofagricultural enterprises is made by region Ukraine. The analysis is made by the agricultural sector and its subsectors: plant-growing and animal husbandry. Homogenous regional zones characterizing the performance agricultural enterprises are identified. The clustering is made using SPPS software. In the problems involved in the cluster analysis Euclidean distance is used. The cluster analysis is used for constructing green maps illustrating the impact agricultural activities at enterprises on the production output of the agricultural sector and its subsectors: plant-growing and animal husbandry. The constructed dendrogram was used fo r creating two clusters showing low and high performance of the plant-growing sector. The first cluster includes 17 regions Ukraine have high performance along with low application mineral fertilizers: Vinnytsya region, Dnipropetrovsk region, Donetsk region, Zhytomyr region, Zaporizhzhya region, Kyiv region, Kirovohrad region, Luhansk region, Mykolaiv region, Odesa region, Poltava region, Sumy region, Kharkiv region, Kherson region, Khmelnytsk region, Cherkasy region, andChernihiv region. The second cluster includes 7 regions with low plant-growing performance along with intensive application mineral fertilizers: Volyn region, Transkarpaty region, Ivano- Frankivsk region, Lviv region, Rivne region, Ternopil region, Chernivtsi region. The characteristics of regional zones by agricultural production output, numbers cattle and poultry, and agriculture performance give evidence that in view ofthe similarity in the conditions their territories, they require similar measures aiming to improve business environment in the sector and mechanisms fo r the development agroindustrial complex in Ukraine.

РЕГІОНАЛЬНІ МІГРАЦІЙНІ ПРОЦЕСИ ТА ЗАХВОРЮВАНІСТЬ НА ДВОСТУЛКОВИЙ АОРТАЛЬНИЙ КЛАПАН У ДІТЕЙ ЗАПОРІЗЬКОЇ ОБЛАСТІ.

Резюме: Формування вроджених вад серця (ВВС) відбувається під впливом генетичних, середовищних та демографічних чинників. Під впливом міграційних процесів, завдяки змінам у внутрішньо популяційній гетерозиготності збільшується мутаційне навантаження, що, у свою чергу, призводить до змін у формуванні захворюваності на вроджені вади серця (ВВС), у тому числі двостулковий аортальний клапан (ДАК).Метою дослідження стало встановлення взаємозв’язків між основними показниками міграції населення та захворюваністю на двостулковий аортальний клапан (ДАК) у мешканців міст та сільських районів Запорізької області, а також внесків у неї міграційних процесів.Матеріали та методи: на підставі даних про захворюваність на найбільш пощирені ВВС серел дитячого населення Запорізької області включаючи двостулковий аортальний клапан (ДАК) та даних обласного управління статистики щодо показників міграції населення регіону, з використанням методів кореляційного та регресійного аналізу, був проаналізований вплив цих показників на захворюваність ДАК.Результати та обговорення: встановлене переважання внутрішньорегіональної та зовнішньої міграції у мешканців міст регіону при достовірному збільшенні в них захворюваності на ДАК. Найбільші внески у захворюваність, у тому числі порівняно з іншими ВВС має число прибулих та вибулих осіб при зовнішньорегіональній міграції. Встановлений вплив окремих міграційних процесів у захворюваність на ДАК може слугувати непрямим показником мутаційного навантаження у окремих субпопуляціях України.

Diversity of Cyanoprokaryota in sandy habitats in Pryazov National Natural Park (Ukraine)

<p>Data on abundance and distribution on Cyanoprokaryota of alluvial soil of the Pryazov National Natural Park (PNNP) are presented. The PNNP is situated in the south part of Zaporizhzhya region near the Azov Sea. Sandy soils of the PNNP are suitable habitats for biodiversity conservation. Nevertheless. Cyanoprokaryota algae have been studying insufficiently and unevenly. 16 soil samples were sampled from the sandy habitats in the PNPP to study the Cyanoprokaryota. The sampling was carried out on the sample areas during 2014-2015 in various locations on Stepanivka Spit (Azov Sea), Fedotova Spit (Utlyutskyi Estuary), Tubalskyy estuary at the mouth Korsak, Taschenakskyi hearth (mouth of the river Tashchenak), Berdyansk Spit near the Krasne lake, Samples were sampled by a conventional algological method, treatment and identification of sampled material was performed in the Laboratory of Botany and Gardening of the Bogdan Chmelnitskiy Melitopol State Pedagogical University. <br />Laboratory processing of the material was carried with culturing methods in two types of cultures: soil cultures with glasses of growth and Bold’s nutrient agar with normal and triple quantity of nitrogen (1N BBM and 3 NBBM). Identification were performed with the light binocular microscope “MICROmed XS-5520” using 40x and 100x objective lenses.</p><p>Here we registered 23 cyanoprokaryota species from 3 orders (<em>Chroococcales, Oscillatoriales, </em>and <em>Nostocales</em>)<em>, </em>10 families (<em>Merismopediaceae</em>, <em>Gomphosphaeriaceae</em>, <em>Microcystaceae, Chroococcaceae, Oscillatoriaceae,</em> <em>Phormidiaceae,</em> <em>Schizotrichaceae, Pseudanabaenaceae, Nostocaceae, Rivulariaceae</em>)<em> </em>and 11 genera. The dominant species were <em>Merismopedia elegans</em>, <em>M. glauca</em>, <em>Chroococcus minutus</em>, <em>Calothrix parietina</em>, <em>Leptolyngbya notata</em>,<em> Nostoc microscopicum</em>, and <em>Phormidium </em>(<em>Komvophoron</em>) <em>mucicola. </em>Such species like <em>Merismopedia elegans</em>, <em>M. glauca</em>, <em>Chroococcus minutus</em>, and <em>Calothrix parietina</em> were found in all studied park plots with sandy soils that confirming algae wide ecological tolerance. We also discovered strong domination of aquatic species at studied habitats.</p>

Analysis of the pathopersonological stratifications in patients with severe diabetes mellitus 2 type

Aim . To study the pathopersonological features of patients with severe DM type 2 for improvement of diagnostics and treatment of patients with DM type 2. Materials and methods . On the bases of MI “Zaporizhzhya city hospital № 1” and MI “Regional clinical endocrinology dispensary” of Zaporizhzhya region council were examined 174 patients with severe diabetes mellitus type 2, who underwent stationary treatment; average age in group was (61,8±0,85) years old. Methods of research: anamnestic, clinical-psychopathological, psychodiagnostic. Results of research . As a result of research, the pathopersonological features of patients with severe diabetes mellitus type 2 were established. There were separated five types of pathopersonological stratifications in patients with severe diabetes mellitus type 2: psycho-organic (deficit and affective-labile variants), astheno-neurotic, psychastheno-depressive, ergo-hypersthenic and hypochondriac types. The influence of each established type of pathopersonological stratifications in patients with severe diabetes mellitus type 2 on their compliance to the therapy was studied. The dominant types of of pathopersonological stratifications in patients with severe diabetes mellitus type 2 were established. Conclusions . The established types of pathopersonological stratifications in patients with severe diabetes mellitus type 2 can be a base of diabetic pathopersonology that improves the quality of differentiated diagnostics and approaches to the therapy and psychoprophylaxis of DM type 2, including in the context of correction of compliance to the therapy of DM type 2 at the expanse of dyscompliant personal features leveling

СУЧАСНИЙ СТАН РОЗВИТКУ ГЕОЛОГІЧНОГО ТУРИЗМУ В ЗАПОРІЗЬКІЙ ОБЛАСТІ

The natural prerequisites for the development of geological tourism in the Zaporizhzhya region are considered. The structure course of action, which define the essence of the term “geological tourism” edited by Thomas Jose are identified. The definition of the modern concept of “geotourism”, “geotouristic objects”, “geotourists phenomena”. So, the complexity of the geological structure of the territory of Zaporizhzhya region determines the diversity and uniqueness of those geological objects that are related to the category of geological monuments of nature. The region represented by almost all the groups of monuments of stratigraphic, petrographic, mineralogical, geomorphological, tectonic, magmatic and paleontology. The above natural-geographic characteristics indicates high geotouristic potential of Zaporizhzhya region, which contributes directly to the development of geological tourism, a feature which is in the vicinity of geological objects with the aim of understanding the structure and evolution of the earth. In addition, not less important for the development of geological tourism in the region is the presence of numerous mine workings .Significant lever for the development of geological tourism in the region is the formation of a strong base of accommodation facilities near geotouristic objects, which contributes to their popularity. The usage features of mines as sites of geological and extreme tourism objects are recovered. The definition of the notion “geological tourism” is identifies. The main geological attractions of Zaporozhye region are observed, which have become the objects of mass excursion and tourism show. The prospects of geological tourism development in the Zaporizhzhya region analyzed.

SEGMENTATION OF DENTAL SERVICES MARKET ACCORDING TO A GEOGRAPHICAL PRINCIPLE IN UKRAINE

Introduction. The role and importance of market segmentation as a methodology and tools for market research is emphasized. The importance of practical and theoretical studies of dental services market in Ukraine is highlighted. The limitation of scientific studies that focus on segmenting the market is indicated. Purpose. The research aims is conduct the segmentation of dental services market of Ukraine according to the geographical breakdown of administrative units (regions, Crimea, Kyiv and Sevastopol). Method. The multivariate analysis methods have been applied in this study. Those are cluster analysis (k-means clustering) and multidimensional scaling. Results. As a result of the geographical segmentation of the dental market of Ukraine 9 clusters are allocated. They combine administrative units with similar indicators of dental personnel security infrastructure (the number of dentists in the public and private clinics and offices, staffing agencies dental specialists). The best dental staffing agencies are in the cluster that integrates Ivano-Frankivsk and Kharkiv region. The lowest number of experts in dental public establishments can be observed in Zaporizhzhya region. As for the private dental establishments the lowest number of professionals can be observed in Volyn, Donetsk, Odessa and Chernihiv regions. With the help of similar methods 7 groups of regions and cities of Ukraine according to the level of current and deferred demand have been defined. It has been determined on the basis of the specific rate of dental visits of adults to dental institutions, the number of their repeated visits, the need for dental sanation of adults and children. The highest percentage of the population that needs sanation (i.e. a number of consumers of dental services with postpond demand) is typical for the Transcarpathian region and for Kyiv. The smallest number of consumers of dental services with pent-up demand is in their geographical segment, which includes Zaporizhzhya, Kherson, Luhansk region and Sevastopol. Mykolaiv region is characterized by a very significant postpond demand for dental services, while the current demand is minor and mainly ensured by repeated visits to dental institutions by one and the same patient.

ANALYSIS OF EFFICIENCY OF METHODS OF ASSESSMENTS OF SALES ACTIVITY MANAGEMENT OF MACHINE-BUILDING ENTERPRISES OF THE ZAPORIZHZHYA REGION

The article analyses the methods for efficiency evaluation of sales activities management of the engineering enterprises of the Zaporizhzhya region. The peculiarity of the use of cost approach is disclosed. It is analysed the relationship between estimation of the management efficiency of enterprise sales activity with the use of cost approach and profit of the enterprise. The expert survey is carried out on the basis of analysis of methods for assessing the efficiency of management of sales activities of engineering enterprises in Zaporizhzhya Oblast. It has been established that nowadays most of the generally accepted methods for determining the efficiency of sales activities do not meet the requirements of specialists as for the effectiveness of sales activities of machine-building enterprises in the Zaporizhzhya region.

ELABORATION OF THE REGIONAL CLUSTERS IN HOTEL ECONOMY

The modern approach to the cluster methodology usage in the sphere of hotel economy is presented in the article. It was proved, that the one of forms of such integration is a formation of hotel cluster. Just in the hotel cluster (association) and not at the level of separate hotel enterprise are formed such processes as: integration of objects, organization of unitary informational system; selective support by the local budget of building hotels and other lodging means; innovative policy and introduction of new technologies; allotment of the territory for building; revision of transport routes; development of engineer-technical nets and so on. There are presented the data about the situation and dynamics of development of the hotel services sector іn Zaporizhzhya region. The analysis of hotel economy of Zaporizhzhya region testifies that the causes of significant fluctuations of the number of guests in hotels were not only the general economic crisis but also the appearance of new form of competition between autonomous hotels, hotel nets and private apartments of lodging type. The number of placed foreign citizens that are the source of currency costs and services export also changed. The results of analysis indicate the essential discrepancies between the main characteristics of the hotels of different, types, the comfort level and the state of material-technical base that is insufficiently developed. The analysis of financial-economic activity of hotel complexes, especially, profitability of their work, testifies that the special attention of enterprise leaders must be paid to the reduction of spendings on exploitation of hotels that form the cost price of hotel services and, accordingly, their price. The features of inclusion of small hotels to the general strategy of hotel economy reorganization are determined.

Огляд досліджень ландшафтів Запорізької області

Steppe landscapes, that are widespread in the territory of Ukraine, for the last few centuries were undergone significant negative changes due to the unreasonable use of soil resources (excessive proportion of plowed land), soil salinity under irrigation in agriculture and other forms of anthropogenic impact. The territory of modern Zaporizhzhya region, which belongs to steppe landscapes, as a result of human activities is also dramatically changed. The article describes the main periods of steppe landscapes development in the Zaporizhzhya region and the basic stages of transformation of the natural landscapes of this region as a result of the anthropogenic impact on them. It is established that the transformation of the natural landscapes in the Zaporizhzhya region began in the second half of the XVIII century as a result of intensive development of animal husbandry and agriculture. New factors of negative anthropogenic landscape changes appeared during the twentieth century, resulted in the formation of natural, natural-anthropogenic, anthropogenic and cultural landscapes, which became the object of study of many scientists. In the twenty-first century, systematic studies of changes in anthropogenic landscapes of the Zaporizhzhya region (industrial, mining, agricultural, forest, anthropogenic, residential, beleaguering, aquatic, tafal, etc.) are not investigated enough by scientists. This is a barrier to develop possible science-based ways to optimize the state of the landscapes of the region. Keywords. The natural landscape, anthropogenic landscape, anthropogenic transformation, landscape research , Zaporizhzhya region

Epidemiology of Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas in the 20th and at the beginning of the 21st century

Aim: to study the dynamics of incidence, mortality, survival of patients with non-Hodgkin lymphomas in the world, Ukraine and Zaporizhzhya region in the 20th and at the beginning of the 21st century. The modern understanding of the etiology and prognostic factors of the disease was considered.Methods and results. In order to study the dynamics of incidence, mortality, survival of patients with non-Hodgkin lymphomas in the world, Ukraine, Zaporizhzhya region in the 20th and early 21st century the review of the specialized literature was conducted. We also considered the current ideas about etiology and risk factors of the disease. Non-Hodgkin lymphomas are complicated and poorly treatable diseases, which are found everywhere, and affect all age groups of people. The peak incidence occurs in the elderly and senile age. Continuing the study of non-Hodgkin lymphomas contributes to a better understanding of this disease, which leads to the reduction in mortality and increased survival of patients with non-Hodgkin lymphomas.Conclusion. So, at the beginning of the 21st century, the non-Hodgkin lymphomas remain to be difficult to prevent, diagnose and treat malignant tumors, the incidence of which continues to increase.

Раціональна антибактеріальна терапія захворювань органів дихання в дітей

У роботі наведено результати бактеріологічного моніторингу 563 дітей м. Запоріжжя та Запорізької області, хворих на гострі респіраторні захворювання (ГРЗ). Установлено, що в 15,3 % випадків збудником ГРЗ виступав Streptococcus pneumoniaе. Проведений аналіз антибіотикограм показав, що найбільшу чутливість Streptococcus pneumoniae проявляв щодо цефалоспоринів ІІІ покоління, ванкоміцину та ципрофлоксацину. Відмічалася висока антибіотикорезистентність Streptococcus pneumoniaе до кліндаміцину (50,0 %) та пеніцилінів (96,8 %). На основі отриманих даних обґрунтована доцільність застосування як стартового антибактеріального препарату в терапії ГРЗ у дітей цефподоксиму проксетилу.

Лускокрилі (Lepidoptera), які охороняються в Національному природному парку «Великий Луг»

Досліджено лускокрилих фауни національного природного парку «Великий Луг». Серед комплексу Lepidoptera 27 видів занесено до охоронних списків різного рівня: 11 видів – до списку МСОП, 17 – до Червоної книги України, 8 – до Європейського Червоного списку тварин і рослин, що перебувають під загрозою зникнення у світовому масштабі, 6 – до Червоної книги «Європейських денних метеликів». У комплексі видів, що охороняються на території НПП, представлені види із 5 надродин, 11 родин. Територія НПП «Великий Луг» повністю розташована в долині р. Дніпро, що дає змогу запровадити охоронний режим у широкому спектрі екосистем (степові, лучні, лісові, болотяні, острівні тощо). Саме строкатість умов існування дозволила тут сформуватись цікавому зоогеографічному комплексу, представленому 5 основними групами (палеарктична – 26%, понтоказахська – 26%, середземноморська – 22%, євросибірська – 15%, європейська – 11%). Цікавою виявилась екологічна структура: ксеротермофіли-1 – 46%, мезофіли-1 – 18%, ксеротермофіли-2 – 15%, мезофіли-2 – 11%, гігрофіли – 4%, убіквісти – 4%. Аналіз сучасних загроз існуванню лускокрилих у межах НПП показав наявність таких найважливіших факторів: абразія берегів Каховського водосховища, перевипас свійської худоби, рекреаційне навантаження та штучне лісорозведення.