Zaghloul Date Research Articles

Effect of nano N fertilizer on growth, fruiting and the fruits nutritive value of zaghloul date palm

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Effect of nano-potassium fertilization on fruiting of Zaghloul date palm

This investigation was conducted during the two successive seasons i.e. 2019 and 2020 on Zaghloul date palm grown at the experimental orchard, Faculty of Agriculture, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt. This work conducted to study the effect of different sources of potassium fertilizers on fruiting of Zaghloul date palm under Qena condition. Potassium fertilization via nano-technology, vinasse and potassin were used. The experiment was arranged in a complete randomized design with three replications. It is evident from the obtained results that using nano-potassium, either soil dressing or foliar spray, as well as foliar spray of vinasse or potassin significantly increased the fruit retention, bunch weight and yield/palm compared to fertilize by potassium sulphate (check treatment). Also, these treatments significantly improved dates quality in terms of increasing fruit weight, flesh percentage, TSS, sugar percentages and anthocyanin contents moreover, decreasing total acidity and total tannins compared to fertilize with the recommended potassium doses via potassium sulphate. From the results, it could be concluded that fertilized Zaghloul date palm with potassium fertilization via foliar spray of either nano-potassium, vinasse or potassium to improve the fertilization efficiency and get high yield with best dates quality. In addition, hasten advance the fruit ripening and overcome potassium fertilization problems.

Effectiveness of Some Edible Coatings on Storage Ability of Zaghloul Date Palm Fruits

Effectiveness of edible coatings such as Jojoba oil (JO) at 5%, Arabic gum (AG) at 10% and Paraffin oil (PA) at 7.5% as solely or in combination on physical and chemical characteristics of Zaghloul date palm fruits stored at 0±1C° and R.H. 85-90 % for 6 weeks were investigated during two successive seasons (2018 and 2019). The achieved data registered that all tested treatments prolonged the cold storage period of Zaghloul date palm fruits as compared to the control (Tap water). Fruits treated with JO at 5% combined with AG at 10% significantly recorded the highest responses, where it significantly mitigated the rise in decay incidence and reduced weight loss, and maintained high firmness, total phenol content, total flavonoids, total tannins, total sugars and antioxidant activity. Also, the result of ion leakage detected that this treatment protected the cell membrane integrity. According to these results, Jojoba oil (JO) at 5% combined with Arabic gum (AG) at 10% application could be suggested to maintain the storability during cold storage of Zaghloul date palm fruits.

Developing Yield and Fruit Quality of Date Palms Cv. Zaghloul by Drenching the Soil with Micronutrients Compound and Amino Acids

A field trial was carried out during two successive seasons 2018 and 2019 in sandy soil by drenching soil around Zaghloul date palm trees (One meter away from the trunk) with micronutrients compound and amino acids at different levels for evaluating their effect on the productivity and fruits quality of Zaghloul date palm trees. The palms supplied with 120 g micronutrients + 150 ml amino acids/palm/year (T9) showed the more pronounced effect above all estimated parameters compared to other treatments or the control during this study; hence, it enhanced percentages of fruit set, retained fruit, chlorophyll in leaflets and nutrient uptake which reflect on increasing bunch weight and yield per palm. Likewise, it improved fruit quality and retained its properties well for 3 days during shelf life after harvest.

Effect of Using Slow Release N Fertilizers Versus Fast Ones on Fruiting of Zaghloul Date Palms

During 2016 & 2017 seasons, Zaghloul date palms received three slow release N fertilizers namely Sulphur-coated urea (41 %N), Phosphorus-coated urea (37.11%N) and Urea-formaldehyde (41%N) versus urea (46 %N) as fast release N fertilizer. Both slow and fast release N fertilizers were applied at 250, 500 or 1000g N/palm. The three slow release N fertilizers were added once at growth start while urea was splitted into three equal batches at growth start and two month intervals. The merit was selecting the best source and rate of N for Zaghloul date palms. Fertilizing the palms with N as slow release N fertilizers generally was superior than the application of N via fast source (urea) in improving growth, yield and fruit quality. Using N at 250 g N/palm via sulphur coated urea, phosphorus-coated urea, and urea-formaldehyde, in descending order was very effective in enhancing all the investigated parameters. Increasing N levels from 250 to 1000 g N/palm applied via any slow release N fertilizers failed to show measurable increase on the studied parameters.Carrying out N fertilization via sulphur-coated urea at 250 g N/palm was necessary for promoting yield and fruit quality of Zaghloul date palms growing under Minia region conditions.

EFFECT OF VARIOUS FERTILIZATION METHODS ON FRUIT QUALITY OF ZAGHLOUL DATE PALM

The present study was carried out during 2017 and 2018 seasons on Zaghloul date palm cultivar (Phoenix dactylifera L.) grown in El Adlia, Blbas, Sharkia Governorate, Egypt. To evaluate effected of nine different fertilizer treatments1 - control (0.0 N), 2- full nitrogen (N) dose (100%) as mineral fertilizer (recommended rate 1000 g / date). 3- quarter organic fertilizers + 3/4 mineral. 4- half-N dose as organic fertilizers + half as mineral. 5- full N dose as organic fertilizer. 6- quarter organic fertilizers + 3/4 mineral + bio-fertilizers (EM). 7- half-N dose as organic fertilizers + half as mineral+ bio-fertilizers. 8- full N dose as organic fertilizer+ bio-fertilizers. 9- bio-fertilizer on yield and fruit quality Zaghloul date palm cultivar. Results showed that “generally” bio-fertilization treatment registered the highest values of bunch characters, bunch weight and yield/tree. The least values of bunch characters, bunch weight and yield/tree recorded by the control treatment.Fruit physical and chemical quality improved with full N dose as organic fertilizer + bio-fertilizers (EM) fertilizers.

EFFECT OF MINERAL, ORGANIC AND BIO – FERTILIZERS ON GROWTH OF ZAGHLOUL DATE PALM

This study was conducted to investigate the response of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera, L.) cv Zaghloul, to nine different fertilizer treatments i.e. Control (1.5 N), full nitrogen (N) dose (100%) as mineral fertilizer (recommended rate), quarter organic fertilizers + 3/4 mineral, half-N dose as organic fertilizers + half as mineral, full N dose as organic fertilizer, quarter organic fertilizers + 3/4 mineral + bio-fertilizers (EM). half-N dose as organic fertilizers + half as mineral+ bio-fertilizers, full N dose as organic fertilizer+ bio-fertilizers and bio-fertilizers. The experimental design was complete randomize block design with three replicates under El Adlia, Blbas, Sharkia Governorate, Egypt during two successive years (2017 and 2018). The results showed that full N dose as organic fertilizer+ bio-fertilizers gave the highest leaf number/palm, leaf length and leaf area index. Applied the full N dose as organic fertilizer+ bio-fertilizers gave the highest number of leaflets/leaf and leaflet length whereas; addition bio-fertilizers only produced the highest value of leaflet width. Also, our results clear that added half N dose as organic fertilizers + half as mineral enhanced the leaf chlorophyll content, but the addition full N dose as organic fertilizer+ bio-fertilizers increased carotenoids content. Conclusively, from previous results, it can concluded that organic and bio-fertilizers enhancement all vegetative growth parameters of Zaghloul date palm cv. To reduce dates pollution, prefer replacement mineral fertilizer by organic and bio-fertilizers.

IMPROVEMENTS OF YIELD AND FRUIT QUALITY OF ZAGHLOOL DATE PALM BY USING THE DIFFERENT THINNING TREATMENTS

Different hand thinning treatments were conducted on Zaghloul date palm cultivar to study their effects on bunch yield and fruit quality. Seven thinning treatments; (1) control (no thinning), (2) Thinning by removing 25% the bunches number/ palm in Hababouk stage, (3) Thinning by removing 25% the strands number/ palm in Hababouk stage (4) Thinning by removing 25% of strands length per bunch in Hababouk stage, (5) Thinning by removing 25% the bunches number/ palm in Kemri stage, (6) Thinning by removing 25 the strands number/ palm in kemri stage, (7) Thinning by removing 25% of strands length per bunch in kemri stage, at a private farm under the conditions of the Ismailia Governorate, Egypt. Fruit thinning significantly decreased yield per palm. Fruit thinning by treatments (2,5) significantly increased the bunch/weight, however the other thinning treatments decreased the bunch weight. Fruit thinning significantly increased the average fruit weight, fruit size, flesh weight, flesh thick, fruit dimensions, seed weight and color index as compared to the control in both seasons. Fruit thinning had significant effect on the total soluble solids, fruit acidity, vitamin C, reducing sugars, non-reducing sugars, total sugars and total soluble tannins in both seasons. Thinning by removing 25% of strands length bunch in Hababouk stage significantly improved fruit quality compared with the other treatments. Conclusively, it is concerning mentioned that the thinning treatments occurred in Hababouk stage gave good results than in kemri stage.

Texture and color characteristics of swell-dried ready-to-eat Zaghloul date snacks: Effect of operative parameters of instant controlled pressure drop process.

In this work, development of ready-to-eat snacks from Zaghloul date using swell-drying process was studied. Pre-dried Zaghloul date samples having 12% water content on dry basis were textured by instant controlled pressure drop technique (DIC) at different operative parameters, saturated steam pressure (p) and processing time (t), ranged from 0.2 to 0.6 MPa and from 9 to 35 s, respectively. The effect of these operative parameters on texture, color, and sensory characteristics of swell-dried (SD) Zaghloul date snacks were determined and optimized through the response surface methodology. Textural (expansion ratio, hardness, springiness, cohesiveness, and chewiness) and color (L*, a*, b*, C*, and ΔE*) characteristics were significantly affected by the operative parameters of DIC. The optimized textural characteristics was identified for SD Zaghloul date at p = 0.6 MPa and t = 22 s with slight yellowness, while the best color properties were observed for texturing conditions of p = 0.2 MPa and t = 22 s. The expansion ratio εr was then 46% higher and the hardness was 262% lower for SD than airflow-dried date. Instrumental analysis such as texture profile analysis and Hunter's Lab color analyzer could be used to describe the texture and color changes occurred during food drying. Beside these analyses, the expansion ratio could be used to describe the texture as well. Swell-drying process, an alternative drying process, is defined as DIC-assisted hot air drying. The thermo-mechanical effects of DIC are mainly induced by the abrupt pressure drop toward a vacuum after short-time treatment (9-35 s) by saturated steam pressure (0.2 up to 0.6 MPa). The abrupt pressure drop rate induces an autovaporization of product's water immediately decreasing the product's temperature allowing it to cross the glass transition Tg border. The impact of DIC operative parameters on Zaghloul date could be observed through the expansion ratio, and the textural characteristics (hardness HA, springiness SP, cohesiveness CO, and chewiness CH).

EFFECT OF SPRAYING SILICON AND SOME NUTRIENTS ON GROWTH, PALM NUTRITIONAL STATUS, YIELD AND FRUIT QUALITY OF ZAGHLOUL DATE PALMS. 1- EFFECT OF SPRAYING SILICON AND SOME NUTRIENTS ON GROWTH AND PALM NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF ZAGHLOUL DATE PALMS

During 2015 and 2016 seasons, Zaghloul date palmsat Dahmro village, Maghagha district, Minia Governorate treated with silicon and/or some nutrients namely N, P, K, Mg, Zn, Fe, Mn, Cu and B. The merit was examining the effect of these nutrients on growth and palm nutritional status. Treating the palms three times with silicon and/or macro and micronutrients caused a remarkable stimulation on number of new leaves/palm, leaf length, pinnae area, number of pinnae/leaf, leaf area, number of spines per leaf and spine length and percentages of N, P, K and Mg in the leaves over the control treatment. Using macro and micronutrients was superior than the single application of silicon on enhancing all growth aspects and leaf chemical components. Combined application of silicon and nutrients surpassed the application of each alone in this respect. Conclusively, for enhancing growth and palm nutritional status of Zaghloul date palms, it is suggested to spray the palms with a mixture of silicon, N, P, K, Mg, Zn, Fe, Mn, Cu and B three times.

EFFECT OF SPRAYING SILICON AND SOME NUTRIENTS ON GROWTH, PALM NUTRITIONAL STATUS, YIELD AND FRUIT QUALITY OF ZAGHLOUL DATE PALMS. II. EFFECT OF SPRAYING SILICON AND SOME NUTRIENTS ON YIELD AND FRUIT QUALITY OF ZAGHLOUL DATE PALMS

This study (2nd part) was undertaken during 2015 and 2016 seasons to examine the effect of spraying silicon, N, P, K, Mg, Zn, Fe, Mn, Cu and B on yield and fruit quality of Zaghloul date palms. Subjecting the palms three times with silicon as well as some macro (N, P, K, Mg) and micro nutrients (Zn, Fe, Mn, Cu and B) either alone or in combinations had an announced promotion on the yield, bunch weight as well as physical and chemical characteristics of the fruits relative to the control treatment. Using nutrients was preferable than using silicon in this respect. Using all nutrients with silicon gave the best results compared to using nutrients alone. Conclusively, the best results with regard to yield and fruit quality of Zaghloul date palms were obtained by spraying a mixture of silicon and nutrients (N, P, K, Mg, Zn, Fe, Mn, Cu and B) three times.

Attempts for Reducing Microbial Contaminations on Zaghloul Date Palm Fruits by Using Safe Treatments

This study was carried out on palm date fruit Zaghloul from Egypt. Spathes were sprayed three times at growth start, after fruit setting and at one month later with four substances namely Amino acids, Sugar alcohol, Algae extract in concentration of 2% and Licorice root extraction (Glycyrrhiza Glabra L.) in concentration of 7%. Sprayed fruits were harvested at khalal stage and immersion in 1% chitosan as postharvest application and then fruits stored up to 3 months at 0°C and relative humidity (RH) 90-95% in order to study the effect of all treatments on fruit quality and storability of Zaghloul date palm. Our study aimed to describe the dynamic changes of units of colony forming microorganisms of dates during storage period. Samples were collected from different treatments and storage periods. The obtained results indicated that the bacterial load was the highest in sampling amino acids chitosan and licorice root extract chitosan gave the lowest number of bacteria in the two studied seasons, respectively. Sampling control treatment recorded higher for total fungi counts and licorice root extract chitosan recorded lower for total fungi counts in the two studied seasons, respectively.

Attempts for Reducing Microbial Contaminations on Zaghloul Date Palm Fruits by Using Safe Treatments

Attempts for Reducing Microbial Contaminations on Zaghloul Date Palm Fruits by Using Safe Treatments

The Impact of Silicon on Growth and Fruiting of Zaghloul Date Palms

The Impact of Silicon on Growth and Fruiting of Zaghloul Date Palms

Production of Juice from Zaghloul Date at Khalal Stage

Production of Juice from Zaghloul Date at Khalal Stage

Effect of Spraying Seaweed Extracts and Silicon on yield and Fruit Quality of Zaghloul Date Palms Grown under Sandy Soil Conditions

Effect of Spraying Seaweed Extracts and Silicon on yield and Fruit Quality of Zaghloul Date Palms Grown under Sandy Soil Conditions

Benefits of Calcium Carbonate Sprays on Yield and Fruit Quality of Samany and Zaghloul Date Palm under New Reclaimed Soils

Benefits of Calcium Carbonate Sprays on Yield and Fruit Quality of Samany and Zaghloul Date Palm under New Reclaimed Soils

EFFECT OF NANOTECHNOLOGY FERTILIZATION ON GROWTH AND FRUITING OF ZAGHLOUL DATE PALMS

This study was carried out during 2014 and 2015 seasons to examine the effect of nano NPK fertilizers against conventional NPK ones on growth and fruiting of Zaghloul date palms grown under Minia region conditions. N, P and K as nano and conventional were added at 500& 1000, 250&500 and 250&500 g / palm/ yr., respectively. The data reveal that, N at 500 & 1000 g / palm / yr. with both P and K at 250 & 500 g/ palm/ yr. either single or combined via nanotechnology material was superior in enhancing growth, yield and fruit quality than using these nutrients as conventional fertilizers. Increasing levels of N from 500 to 1000 g / palm/ yr. as well as both P and K from 250 to 500 g/ palm/ yr. had meaningless promotion on the aforementioned characteristics under nano system, The vice versa was noticed with NPK applied as conventional form. The best treatments in improving growth, yield and fruit quality of Zaghloul date palms when added NPK as nanotechnology system as compared with conventional form. Generally, from these results the data presented that nano NPK fertilizers each at 500, 250 and 250 g. /palm /yr., respectively is a better than application of conventional NPK at 1000 , 500 and 500 g./ palm/yr., respectively to enhance growth, yield and fruit quality of Zaghloul date palms grown under Minia region conditions.

RESPONSE OF ZAGHLOUL DATE PALM GROWN ON CALCAREOUS SOIL TO SOURCES OF ORGANIC FERTILIZATION

Organic manure is playing a profound role in plant nutrition and soil improvement, particularly under conditions of dry climatic regions. Field experiments on twenty- years- old Zaghloul date palm trees, grown on calcareous soil at Maryout Research Station, DesertResearchCenter, were conducted to study the trees response to different organic manures for two consecutive seasons 2012 and 2013, under rainfed circumstances. Three local sources of organic manures were used as: camel, sheep and compost manure. The application rate were 0, 25, 50 kg organic manure/palm tree. Two treatments of potassium humate; without and with (one kg/palm tree) were combined with the organic manures. The results indicated that, fruit yield, fruit physical characteristics and total sugar content were significantly increased by organic manures applications with or without K-humate compared to control treatment, during the two seasons. Also, application of organic manures led to raise the P and K content than the minimum of sufficient level in soil and plant. However, these treatments were not able to increase N up to sufficient level in soil and plant. The results of this study showed that the optimum fertilizer treatment was sheep manure (50 kg/tree) along with K-humate, which achieved suitable quality and quantity fruit yield of Zaghloul date palm. Moreover, this treatment increased the mineral content of soil and leaves of palm compared to compost and camel manures. Also, the organic manure resulted from sheep is considered the cheapest manure and more available in desert soils compared to other manures. Therefore, this manure is recommended for Zaghloul date palm cultivated on calcareous soil under conditions of arid and semi-arid regions that are limited in water resources.

The Synergistic Effects of Using Silicon and Selenium on Fruiting of Zaghloul Date Palm (Phoenix dectylifera L.)

The Synergistic Effects of Using Silicon and Selenium on Fruiting of Zaghloul Date Palm (Phoenix dectylifera L.)