Ytterbium Atoms Research Articles

Changes in the Structure and Properties of Silicon During Ytterbium Doping: The Results of o Comprehensive Analysis

In this work, a comprehensive study of the structural, chemical and electrophysical properties of monocrystalline silicon (Si) doped with ytterbium (Yb) has been carried out. The alloying was carried out by thermal diffusion at a temperature of 1473 K in high vacuum conditions followed by rapid cooling. Atomic force microscopy (AFM), infrared Fourier spectroscopy (FTIR), deep level spectroscopy (DLTS) and Raman spectroscopy (RAMAN) were used to analyze the samples obtained. AFM images of the surface of the doped samples demonstrated significant changes in topography. The RMS surface roughness increased from less than 10 nm to 60-80 nm, and the maximum height of the irregularities reached 325 nm. These changes are explained by the formation of nanostructures caused by the uneven distribution of ytterbium atoms in the silicon crystal lattice, as well as the occurrence of internal stresses. "IR-Fourier spectroscopy showed a significant decrease in the concentration of optically active oxygen (NOopt ) by 30-40% after doping. This effect is associated with the interaction of ytterbium atoms with silicon and a change in the chemical composition of the material. The RAMAN spectra revealed the formation of new phases and nanocrystallites in the doped samples. Peak shifts and changes in their intensity were detected, indicating a rearrangement of the crystal lattice caused by the introduction of ytterbium. It was calculated that the diffusion coefficient of ytterbium in silicon is 1.9×10-15 cm2/s, which indicates a slow diffusion process characteristic of rare earth metals. Electrical measurements carried out on the MDS-structures showed a shift in the volt-farad characteristics towards positive bias voltages, which is associated with a decrease in the density of surface states at the Si-SiO₂ interface and the appearance of deep levels with an ionization energy of Ec-0.32 eV.

Defect Formation in MIS Structures Based on Silicon with an Impurity of Ytterbium

The characteristics of silicon MIS structures with ytterbium impurity are studied using non-stationary capacitance spectroscopy of deep levels. It is established that the presence of ytterbium atoms in the bulk of the silicon substrate leads to a shift in the capacitance-voltage characteristics towards positive bias voltages and a decrease in the density Nss of the surface states of the MIS structures. It is shown that this effect depends on the concentration of ytterbium atoms in the silicon substrate of the studied structures. In MIS structures based on Si<Yb>, one deep level with an ionization energy Ec-0.32 eV is detected.

Machine Learning-Assisted Hartree-Fock Approach for Energy Level Calculations in the Neutral Ytterbium Atom.

Data-driven machine learning approaches with precise predictive capabilities are proposed to address the long-standing challenges in the calculation of complex many-electron atomic systems, including high computational costs and limited accuracy. In this work, we develop a general workflow for machine learning-assisted atomic structure calculations based on the Cowan code's Hartree-Fock with relativistic corrections (HFR) theory. The workflow incorporates enhanced ElasticNet and XGBoost algorithms, refined using entropy weight methodology to optimize performance. This semi-empirical framework is applied to calculate and analyze the excited state energy levels of the 4f closed-shell Yb I atom, providing insights into the applicability of different algorithms under various conditions. The reliability and advantages of this innovative approach are demonstrated through comprehensive comparisons with ab initio calculations, experimental data, and other theoretical results.

Single-bubble sonoluminescence of itterbium(II or III) and thulium(II or III) chloride nanoparticles colloidal suspensions in dodecane

Colloidal suspensions of nanoparticles of di- and trivalent ytterbium and thulium chloride crystals in dodecane were prepared by ultrasonic dispersion. The average nanoparticle size in the suspensions was 20–35 nm. During single-bubble sonolysis with the bubble moving at the standing wave antinode, identical bands with a maximum at 550 nm appeared in the sonoluminescence spectra with spectral resolution Δλ = 15 nm for suspensions of both Yb(II) and Yb(III) salts. Bands with a maximum at 600 nm were found for suspensions of Tm(II) and Tm(III) salts. These sonoluminescence bands coincide with the photoluminescence bands of Yb(II) (550 nm) or Tm(II) (600 nm) salts, respectively. For suspensions of divalent lanthanide salts, these sonoluminescence bands appear when nanoparticles get into a moving bubble, because of collisional excitation of Yb(II) or Tm(II) in the bubble plasma, which periodically appears during acoustic oscillations: [Ln(II)]suspension → [Ln(II)]bubble → [Ln(II)]plasma → [Ln(II)*]plasma → Ln(II) + hνLn(II). The presence of analogous bands for suspensions of trivalent lanthanide salts is caused, in particular, by also their reduction in the plasma after they get into a bubble: [Ln(III)]suspension → [Ln(III)]bubble → [Ln(III)]plasma → [Ln(II), Ln(II)*]plasma → [Ln(II)*]plasma → Ln(II) + hνLn(II). The reduction of lanthanide ions in the bubble plasma is not limited to the reaction Ln(III) → Ln(II), Ln(II)*, but can proceed further giving singly charged lanthanide cations and lanthanide atoms: Ln(II) → Ln(I), Ln(I)* → Ln(0), Ln(0)*. The single-bubble sonoluminescence spectra with Δλ = 1.5 nm for a suspension of Yb(III) salt showed characteristic lines of Yb(I) and Yb(0). These characteristic lines and bands for ytterbium and thulium atoms and ions are suitable for sonoluminescent spectroscopic analysis, that is, identification and quantification of ions in solutions and suspensions and determination of electronic temperature in bubble plasma.

High-Rate and High-Fidelity Modular Interconnects between Neutral Atom Quantum Processors

Quantum links between physically separated modules are important for scaling many quantum computing technologies. The key metrics are the generation rate and fidelity of remote Bell pairs. In this work, we propose an experimental protocol for generating remote entanglement between neutral ytterbium atom qubits using an optical cavity. By loading a large number of atoms into a single cavity, and controlling their coupling using only local light shifts, we amortize the cost of transporting and initializing atoms over many entanglement attempts, maximizing the entanglement generation rate. A twisted ring cavity geometry suppresses many sources of error, allowing high-fidelity entanglement generation. We estimate a spin-photon entanglement rate of 5×105s−1, and a Bell pair rate approaching 105s−1, with an average fidelity near 0.999. Furthermore, we show that the photon detection times provide a significant amount of soft information about the location of errors, which may be used to improve the logical qubit performance. This approach provides a practical path to scalable modular quantum computing using neutral ytterbium atoms. Published by the American Physical Society 2024

Photoionization cross sections measurements of the excited states of lutetium and ytterbium in the near threshold region.

In this work, the threshold photoionization cross sections from the excited states of lutetium and ytterbium atoms were investigated by the laser pump-probe scheme under the condition of saturated resonant excitation. We obtained the resonance enhanced multiphoton ionization spectra of the lutetium and ytterbium atoms of the lanthanide metals in the range of 307.50-312.50nm and 265.00-269.00nm, respectively; the photoionization cross sections of the 5d6s(1D)6p(2D05/2) and 5d6s(3D)6p(2P01/2) states of lutetium and the 4f13(2F0)5d6s2(J = 1) states of ytterbium above threshold regions (0.4-1.6eV) were measured, and measured values ranged from 2.3 ± 0.2 to 17.7 ± 1.5 Mb.

Magnetic transition of ytterbium atoms confined in optical superlattice with local ferromagnetic interaction

We used the density matrix renormalization group to study the ground state of ytterbium atoms (171Yb) for the Hund lattice model, where the delocalized atoms are confined in a onc-dimensional optical superlattice and his number is one third of the lattice sites. We found a paramagnetic-ferromagnetic quantum phase transition for any value of the potential strength. The local critical ferromagnetic coupling decreases as the superlattice potential increases.

Atom Chip and Diffraction Grating for the Laser Cooling of Ytterbium Atoms

The possibility of using an atom chip and a diffraction grating to form a compact magneto-optical trap for ytterbium atoms, which can be used to develop compact atomic interferometers and optical clocks based on ultracold atoms, has been studied. An experiment on the laser cooling of the 171Yb and 174Yb isotopes in a first‑stage magneto-optical trap has been carried out to determine initial requirements for the mentioned elements. The design of the atom chip forming a magnetic field gradient up to 60 G/cm has been calculated. The optimal configurations of the diffraction grating that allow forming both the first- and second-stage magneto-optical traps have been evaluated.

Measuring the nuclear magnetic quadrupole moment of optically trapped ytterbium atoms in the metastable state

We propose a scheme to measure a nuclear magnetic quadrupole moment (MQM), a CP -violating electromagnetic moment that appears in the nuclear sector, using the long-lived 3P2 metastable state in neutral 173Yb atoms. Laser-cooling and trapping techniques enable us to prepare ultracold 173Yb atoms in the 3P2 state trapped in an optical lattice or an optical tweezer array, providing an ideal experimental platform with long spin coherence time. In addition, our relativistic configuration interaction calculation for the 3P2 electronic wavefunction reveals a large magnetic field gradient generated by the atomic electrons in this state, which amplifies the measurable effect of an MQM. Our scheme could lead to an improvement of more than one order of magnitude in MQM sensitivity compared to the best previous measurement (Murthy et al 1989 Phys. Rev. Lett. 63, 965).

Accurate calculation of hyperfine-induced 5d6s <sup>3</sup>D<sub>1,3</sub>→6s<sup>2</sup> <sup>1</sup>S<sub>0</sub> E2 transitions and hyperfine constants of ytterbium atoms

The parity violation effects via the <inline-formula><tex-math id="M14">\begin{document}$ {\mathrm{5d6s\; {^3D_1} \to 6s^2 \; {^1S_0}}} $\end{document}</tex-math><alternatives><graphic specific-use="online" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="9-20240028_M14.jpg"/><graphic specific-use="print" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="9-20240028_M14.png"/></alternatives></inline-formula> transition have been extensively investigated in ytterbium atoms. However, the M1 transition between the excitation state <inline-formula><tex-math id="M15">\begin{document}$ {\mathrm{5d6s\; {^3D_1}}} $\end{document}</tex-math><alternatives><graphic specific-use="online" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="9-20240028_M15.jpg"/><graphic specific-use="print" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="9-20240028_M15.png"/></alternatives></inline-formula> and the ground state <inline-formula><tex-math id="M16">\begin{document}$ {\mathrm{6s^2 \; {^1S_0}}} $\end{document}</tex-math><alternatives><graphic specific-use="online" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="9-20240028_M16.jpg"/><graphic specific-use="print" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="9-20240028_M16.png"/></alternatives></inline-formula>, as well as the hyperfine-induced E2 transition, significantly affects the detection of parity violation signal. Therefore, it is imperative to obtain the accurate transition probabilities for the M1 and hyperfine-induced E2 transitions between the excitation state <inline-formula><tex-math id="M17">\begin{document}${\mathrm{ 5d6s\; {^3D_1} }}$\end{document}</tex-math><alternatives><graphic specific-use="online" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="9-20240028_M17.jpg"/><graphic specific-use="print" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="9-20240028_M17.png"/></alternatives></inline-formula> and the ground state <inline-formula><tex-math id="M18">\begin{document}$ {\mathrm{6s^2\; {^1S_0}}} $\end{document}</tex-math><alternatives><graphic specific-use="online" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="9-20240028_M18.jpg"/><graphic specific-use="print" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="9-20240028_M18.png"/></alternatives></inline-formula>. In this work, we use the multi-configuration Dirac-Hartree-Fock theory to precisely calculate the transition probabilities for the <inline-formula><tex-math id="M19">\begin{document}${\mathrm{ 5d6s \; {^3D_1} \to 6s^2 \; {^1S_0} }}$\end{document}</tex-math><alternatives><graphic specific-use="online" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="9-20240028_M19.jpg"/><graphic specific-use="print" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="9-20240028_M19.png"/></alternatives></inline-formula> M1 and hyperfine-induced <inline-formula><tex-math id="M20">\begin{document}${\mathrm{ 5d6s \; ^3D_{1,3} \to 6s^2 \; {^1S_0} }}$\end{document}</tex-math><alternatives><graphic specific-use="online" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="9-20240028_M20.jpg"/><graphic specific-use="print" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="9-20240028_M20.png"/></alternatives></inline-formula> E2 transitions. We extensively analyze the influences of electronic correlation effects on the transition probabilities according to our calculations. Furthermore, we analyze the influences of different perturbing states and various hyperfine interactions on the transition probabilities. The calculated hyperfine constants of the e <inline-formula><tex-math id="M21">\begin{document}$ {\mathrm{^3D_{1,2,3}}} $\end{document}</tex-math><alternatives><graphic specific-use="online" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="9-20240028_M21.jpg"/><graphic specific-use="print" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="9-20240028_M21.png"/></alternatives></inline-formula> and <inline-formula><tex-math id="M22">\begin{document}${\mathrm{ ^1D_2}} $\end{document}</tex-math><alternatives><graphic specific-use="online" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="9-20240028_M22.jpg"/><graphic specific-use="print" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="9-20240028_M22.png"/></alternatives></inline-formula> states accord well with experimental measurements, validating the rationality of our computational model. By combining experimentally measured hyperfine constants with the theoretically derived electric field gradient of the extra nuclear electrons at the nucleus, we reevaluate the nuclear quadrupole moment of the <inline-formula><tex-math id="M23">\begin{document}$ ^{173} $\end{document}</tex-math><alternatives><graphic specific-use="online" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="9-20240028_M23.jpg"/><graphic specific-use="print" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="9-20240028_M23.png"/></alternatives></inline-formula>Yb nucleus as <inline-formula><tex-math id="M24">\begin{document}$ Q = 2. 89(5) \;\rm {b} $\end{document}</tex-math><alternatives><graphic specific-use="online" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="9-20240028_M24.jpg"/><graphic specific-use="print" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="9-20240028_M24.png"/></alternatives></inline-formula>, showing that our result is in excellent agreement with the presently recommended value.

A Yb optical clock with a lattice power enhancement cavity

We construct a power enhancement cavity to form an optical lattice in an ytterbium optical clock. It is demonstrated that the intra-cavity lattice power can be increased by about 45 times, and the trap depth can be as large as 1400E r when laser light with a power of only 0.6 W incident to the lattice cavity. Such high trap depths are the key to accurate evaluation of the lattice-induced light shift with an uncertainty down to ∼1 × 10−18. By probing the ytterbium atoms trapped in the power-enhanced optical lattice, we obtain a 4.3 Hz-linewidth Rabi spectrum, which is then used to feedback to the clock laser for the close loop operation of the optical lattice clock. We evaluate the density shift of the Yb optical lattice clock based on interleaving measurements, which is –0.46(62) mHz. This result is smaller compared to the density shift of our first Yb optical clock without lattice power enhancement cavity mainly due to a larger lattice diameter of 344 μm.

Loading of a large Yb MOT on the 1S0 → 1P1 transition.

We present an experimental setup to laser cool and trap a large number of ytterbium atoms. Our design uses an oven with an array of micro-tubes for efficient collimation of the atomic beam, and we implement a magneto-optical trap of 174Yb on the 1S0 → 1P1 transition at 399nm. Despite the absence of a Zeeman slower, we obtain a loading of 4 × 109 at./s. We trap up to N = 109 at., where light-assisted collisions become the dominant loss mechanism. We precisely characterize our atomic beam, the loading rate of the magneto-optical trap, and several loss mechanisms relevant for trapping a large number of atoms.

Gapless fermionic excitation in the antiferromagnetic state of ytterbium zigzag chain

The emergence of charge-neutral fermionic excitations in magnetic systems is one of the unresolved issues in recent condensed matter physics. This type of excitations has been observed in various systems, such as low-dimensional quantum spin liquids, Kondo insulators, and antiferromagnetic insulators. Here, we report the presence of a pronounced gapless spin excitation in the low-temperature antiferromagnetic state of YbCuS2 semiconductor, where trivalent ytterbium atoms form a zigzag chain structure. We confirm the presence of this gapless excitations by a combination of experimental probes, namely 63/65Cu-nuclear magnetic resonance and nuclear quadrupole resonance, as well as specific heat measurements, revealing a linear low-temperature behavior of both the nuclear spin-lattice relaxation rate 1/T1 and the specific heat. This system provides a platform to investigate the origin of gapless excitations in spin chains and the relationship between emergent fermionic excitations and frustration.

Temperature effects on thermodynamic properties of rare-earth ytterbium

Thermodynamic quantities (including Debye temperature and frequency, atomic mean-square displacement, specific heats at constant volume and constant pressure, linear thermal expansion coefficient, and total entropy) of face-centered cubic ytterbium metal have been studied by means of the statistical moment method in statistical mechanics. This theoretical approach allows us to calculate these thermodynamic quantities taking into account the anharmonicity of lattice vibrations. Numerical calculations for ytterbium have been conducted in temperature range from 0 K to 1100 K using Lennard-Jones potential to describe the interaction between ytterbium atoms. Our derived results are compared with those of mean-field potential approach as well as previous experimental data showing the good agreement. We have shown that the atomic mean-square displacement contains the zero-point vibration (quantum effect) at low temperature. At high temperature it changes linearly with respect to temperature. Furthermore, our theoretical calculations have also pointed out the anharmonic contribution to specific heat at constant volume of ytterbium metal is negative with temperature. This research presents an effective statistical approach to study temperature effects on thermodynamic quantities of materials.

Many-body correlations in one-dimensional optical lattices with alkaline-earth(-like) atoms

We explore the rich nature of correlations in the ground state of ultracold atoms trapped in state-dependent optical lattices. In particular, we consider interacting fermionic ytterbium or strontium atoms, realizing a two-orbital Hubbard model with two spin components. We analyze the model in one-dimensional setting with the experimentally relevant hierarchy of tunneling and interaction amplitudes by means of exact diagonalization and matrix product states approaches, and study the correlation functions in density, spin, and orbital sectors as functions of variable densities of atoms in the ground and metastable excited states. We show that in certain ranges of densities these atomic systems demonstrate strong density-wave, ferro- and antiferromagnetic, as well as antiferroorbital correlations.

Investigation of the 6s6p3P2-6s7s3S1 transition of ytterbium atoms with modulation-transfer spectroscopy

We perform the precise measurement of the 6s6p3P2-6s7s3S1 transition frequencies of the neutral ytterbium (Yb) atoms by using the modulation transfer spectroscopy. High-resolution dispersive signals of all isotopes except low-abundance 168Yb (F = 2-F = 1) and 171Yb (F = 5/2-F = 3/2) are obtained. The frequencies of locked laser are measured using an optical comb, and the obtained results are traced to the absolute transition frequency of the 171Yb 1S0-3P0 clock. We measure the isotope shifts relative to 174Yb and evaluate the systematic shifts. The absolute frequency of the 6s6p3P2-6s7s3S1 transition in 174Yb is determined to be 389260605.8 ± 3.2 MHz, which has a huge deviation from the existing data in the studies. Based on the obtained transition frequencies, we calculate the hyperfine constants of the 3P2 and 3S1 states. This research will provide valuable data for the ytterbium-related experiments and improve the reported transition frequencies with higher precision.

Spectroscopic Studies and X-ray Structural of Dinuclear Lanthanide (III) Complexes Derived from N'-(2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylidene) Nicotinohydrazide

Two Schiff bases (H₂L), derived from o-vanillin and nicotinic hydrazide, and its complexes with some lanthanides (Y, Ce, Yb, Pr, Gd and Tb) have been synthesized. These compounds have been characterized by means of elemental analysis, UV–Vis spectroscopy, FTIR spectroscopy, ¹H and ¹³C NMR (for H₂L), molar conductance and room temperature magnetic measurements. The compounds are found isostructural and are formulated as {[(Z)(<i>η</i>²-OOCH₃)Ln](<i></i>-L)₂[Ln(<i>η</i>²-OOCH₃)(Z)]} (Z = H₂O for Ln = Y, Ce, Pr, Gd or Tb and Z = OS(CH₃)₂for Ln =Yb). The two ligand molecules act in their dideprotonated forms through one azomethine nitrogen atom, one phenoxo oxygen atom and one iminolate oxygen atom. The two Ln (III) ions are bridged by two phenoxo oxygen atoms, forming a dinuclear complex. Single crystal X-ray analysis of the ytterbium complex has revealed the nature of the structure {[(OS(CH₃)₂)(<i>η</i>²-OOCH₃)Yb](<i></i>-L)₂[Yb(<i>η</i>²-OOCH₃)(OS(CH₃)₂)]} (3). The complex crystallizes in the monoclinic space group C2/c with cell parameters of <i>a</i> = 13.0391(6) Å, <i>b</i> = 15.1199(6) Å, <i>c</i> = 20.7239(7) Å, <i>β</i> = 105.671(2)°, <I>V</I> = 3933.8(3) ų, <I>Z</I> = 4, <I>R</I>₁ = 0.025, <i>wR</i>₂ = 0.65. The ytterbium atoms are eight-coordinated, and their coordination polyhedron are best described as a square antiprismatic geometry. The aromatic rings of the ligand molecule are twisted with dihedral angle of 29.23 (1)° between their mean planes.

Observation of antiferromagnetic correlations in an ultracold SU(N) Hubbard model

Mott insulators are paradigms of strongly correlated physics, giving rise to phases of matter with novel and hard-to-explain properties. Extending the typical SU(2) symmetry of Mott insulators to SU($N$) is predicted to give exotic quantum magnetism at low temperatures, but understanding the effect of strong quantum fluctuations for large $N$ remains an open challenge. In this work, we experimentally observe nearest-neighbor spin correlations in the SU(6) Hubbard model realized by ytterbium atoms in optical lattices. We study one-dimensional, two-dimensional square, and three-dimensional cubic lattice geometries. The measured SU(6) spin correlations are dramatically enhanced compared to the SU(2) correlations, due to strong Pomeranchuk cooling. We also present numerical calculations based on exact diagonalization and determinantal quantum Monte Carlo. The experimental data for a one-dimensional lattice agree with theory, without any fitting parameters. The detailed comparison between theory and experiment allows us to infer from the measured correlations a lowest temperature of $\left[{0.096 \pm 0.054 \, \rm{(theory)} \pm 0.030 \, \rm{(experiment)}}\right]/k_{\rm B}$ times the tunneling amplitude. For two- and three-dimensional lattices, experiments reach entropies below where our calculations converge, highlighting the experiments as quantum simulations. These results open the door for the study of long-sought SU($N$) quantum magnetism.

Probing Transport and Slow Relaxation in the Mass-Imbalanced Fermi-Hubbard Model

Constraints in the dynamics of quantum many-body systems can dramatically alter transport properties and relaxation timescales even in the absence of static disorder. Here, we report on the observation of such constrained dynamics arising from the distinct mobility of two species in the one-dimensional mass-imbalanced Fermi-Hubbard model, realized with ultracold ytterbium atoms in a state-dependent optical lattice. By displacing the trap potential and monitoring the subsequent dynamical response of the system, we identify suppressed transport and slow relaxation with a strong dependence on the mass imbalance and interspecies interaction strength, consistent with eventual thermalization for long times. Our observations demonstrate the potential for quantum simulators to provide insights into unconventional relaxation dynamics arising from constraints.

High-resolution Spectroscopy and Single-photon Rydberg Excitation of Reconfigurable Ytterbium Atom Tweezer Arrays Utilizing a Metastable State

We present an experimental system for Rydberg tweezer arrays with ytterbium (Yb) atoms featuring internal state manipulation between the ground ${}^1$S$_0$ and the metastable ${}^3$P$_2$ states, and single-photon excitation from the ${}^3$P$_2$ to Rydberg states. In the experiments, single Yb atoms are trapped in two-dimensional arrays of optical tweezers and are detected by fluorescence imaging with the intercombination ${}^1$S$_0 \leftrightarrow {}^3$P$_1$ transition, and the defect-free single atom arrays are prepared by the rearrangement with the feedaback. We successfully perform high-resolution ${}^1$S$_0\leftrightarrow {}^3$P$_2$ state spectroscopy for the single atoms, demonstrating the utilities of this ultranarrow transition. We further perform single-photon excitation from the ${}^3$P$_2$ to Rydberg states for the single atoms, which is a key for the efficient Rydberg excitation. We also perform a systematic measurement of a complex energy structure of a series of D states including newly observed ${}^3$D$_3$ states. The developed system shows feasibility of future experiments towards quantum simulations and computations using single Yb atoms.