YouTube Research Articles

Comments on YouTube videos as a source of advice for supporting child autonomy: Interpreting autonomy as independence, reflexivity, nature/nurture, and nostalgia for the USSR

YouTube represents a vast resource that parents may consult for advice; however, little is known about the information available to parents seeking advice on supporting their children’s autonomy. This study aimed to analyze the comments (of parents) responding Russian-language YouTube videos focused on advice for child autonomy support. Following a descriptive cross-sectional design, YouTube was searched using the phrase “child autonomy.” Qualitative content analysis was used to assess comments from videos that met the inclusion criteria. The analysis revealed that viewers interacted with the content of videos about parental autonomy support in children. Specifically, they expressed reflexivity toward the advice given. However, their discussions focused on only one type of autonomy—independence—while almost completely neglecting tactics that would support volitional functioning. Additionally, the commenters tended to shift the responsibility for parenting to external entities, arguing that raising autonomous children had been easier in the USSR of the past. While this may be attributed to nostalgia—it was also apparent that they shifted the locus of blame also to include the educational system (4), fathers that gave a bad example (2), and the current economic conditions that permitted the child to be financially independent (1) although it was not clear how they viewed these as constraints. Recommendations based on the findings include encouraging professionals involved in child development to film and release more qualified content on YouTube for Peer Review, supporting autonomy in children on YouTube by raising the quality of the contents and suggesting that this could be done by working with professionals as well as government agencies participating in making helpful videos.

Hegemonic masculinity as populist strategy: unveiling Spain’s radical-right gender gap

In Spain, the gender gap in support for the far-right populist party VOX is notable, with two thirds of its voters being men. This article explores how VOX’s populist rhetoric around masculinity attracts male voters. It is argued that the collective identity promoted by the party aligns with hegemonic masculinity, which elevates male social status and serves as an effective strategy for capturing this electorate. To examine this dynamic, a critical discourse analysis was conducted on a sample of 34 videos from VOX’s YouTube channel. A deductive approach was employed, integrating categories that encompassed the masculine gender dimension and key concepts from the discursive approaches of populism. Overall, VOX discursively constructs a common identity around masculinity through populist rhetoric that combines victimization and recognition, which seems to have contributed to attracting male Spanish voters.

Interactional Practices and Normative Expectations in EFL Classrooms: A Conversation Analysis Approach to Turn-Taking

This study explores the interactional practices and normative expectations of teachers and students in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) classroom, with a focus on turn-taking and conversational dynamics. Addressing a gap in understanding how institutional norms shape classroom interactions, the research employs Conversation Analysis (CA) as its methodological framework, emphasizing the systematic organization of talk-in-interaction. Data were collected from two recorded classroom sessions, including one conducted at the American Language Center in Rabat, Morocco, and another source from a publicly available YouTube video. The transcriptions, adhering to Jefferson’s (1988) system, were analyzed to uncover patterns of turn-taking, repair initiators, and backchanneling in teacher-student exchanges. The findings reveal that teachers use strategies such as other-initiated self-repair, scaffolding, and missing units to guide student contributions while managing conversational flow. Additionally, students demonstrated clear expectations for feedback, often signaled through transition relevance places. These practices underline the collaborative nature of EFL classroom interactions and the critical role of teachers in fostering language learning. The study highlights the pedagogical value of interactional competence and offers insights for improving teacher training and classroom engagement strategies.

Are YouTube Videos Useful in Robot-assisted Segmentectomy Education?

Segmentectomy operation became a preferable operation for small lesions due to the importance of saving lung parenchyma. Using robotic technology has too many advantages for segmentectomy operations. Web sites such as YouTube have become educational tools for surgical trainees. The aim of our study is to analyze YouTube videos for accurate and up-to-date information about robotic segmentectomy operations. The videos on www.youtube.com, which were reached on July 11, 2024, by using the keywords "robot segmentectomy" and "robotic segmentectomy lung," were evaluated in this research. The videos were evaluated by using the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) scoring system, Critical View of safety (CVS), and LAParoscopic surgery Video Educational GuidelineS (LAP-VEGaS). Eighty-one videos were included. Almost half of the videos (n = 42) were affiliated with university hospitals. Preoperative imaging was seen in 49% of all videos; however, the rates were 32% and 20.9% for patients' demographics and preoperative assessment information, respectively. Only 29.6% of the videos presented the placement of trocars during the presentation. It has become possible to record high-quality videos easily with developing technology. However, our results showed that many of the videos do not include the parameters especially related to education. Our findings suggest that those videos are inadequate for trainees.

Social Context of Face-Threatening Acts in Abu Ubaidah’s Speech on Al Jazeera Channel

This research examines Face-Threatening Acts (FTAs) in Abu Ubaidah's speech on Al Jazeera's YouTube channel within the context of the Israel-Palestine conflict. Unlike previous studies focused on Western political discourse, this research uncovers distinct face management patterns within Arab-Islamic political communication broadcast globally. Using a qualitative approach with pragmatic discourse analysis, the research analyzes Abu Ubaidah's speech on the Gaza conflict on April 23, 2024. Data collection involved indirect observation through watching and transcribing the speech video, complemented by literature review. The analysis combines Brown and Levinson's politeness model with Miles and Huberman's data reduction, display, and conclusion drawing framework. The findings reveal Abu Ubaidah's strategic use of FTAs for delegitimizing adversaries, constructing resistance identity, and fostering solidarity, with 23 FTAs targeting positive face and 19 targeting negative face. The novelty of this research lies in its focus on the interaction between FTAs and the social context as markers of cultural-religious identity in Arab political discourse during conflicts, and providing new insights into how FTAs is employed to achieve communicative and ideological goals in non-Western contexts. This research recommends further exploring communication strategies in similar conflicts through various linguistic approaches.

Assessment of Reliability and Validity of Celiac Disease-Related YouTube Videos: Content Analysis.

YouTube is an increasingly used platform for medical information. However, the reliability and validity of health-related information on celiac disease (CD) on YouTube have not been determined. This study aimed to analyze the reliability and validity of CD-related YouTube videos. On November 15, 2023, a search was performed on YouTube using the keyword "celiac disease." This search resulted in a selection of videos, which were then reviewed by 2 separate evaluators for content, origin, and specific features. The evaluators assessed the reliability and quality of these videos using a modified DISCERN (mDISCERN) score, the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) benchmark criteria score, the usefulness score, video power index (VPI), and the Global Quality Scale (GQS) score. In the analysis of 120 initially screened CD videos, 85 met the criteria for inclusion in the study after certain videos were excluded based on predefined criteria. While the duration of the videos uploaded by health care professionals was significantly longer than the other group (P=.009), it was concluded that the median scores for mDISCERN (4, IQR 4-5 vs 2, IQR 2-3; P<.001), GQS (4, IQR 4-5 vs 3, IQR 2-3; P<.001), JAMA (4, IQR 3-4 vs 2, IQR 2-3; P<.001), and usefulness (8, IQR 7-9 vs 6, IQR 3-6; P<.001) of the videos from this group were significantly higher than those from non-health care professionals. Video interaction parameters, including the median number of views, views per day, likes, dislikes, comments, and VPI, demonstrated no significant difference between the 2 groups. This study showed that YouTube videos about CD vary significantly in reliability and quality depending on their source. Increasing the production of reliable videos by health care professionals may help to improve patient education and make YouTube a more reliable resource.

A double-edged sword

Abstract This article examines Brazil’s LGBTQIA+ Inclusive Churches movement, focusing on the online discourse of the Igreja Cristã Contemporânea (“Contemporary Christian Church”), supposedly the country’s most welcoming religious space for LGBTQIA+ individuals. Employing a Foucauldian Critical Discourse Analysis, it studies how the church’s discourse can help naturalize normative ideas of LGBTQIA+ identities. Data is retrieved from the church’s website, a series of eight YouTube videos, and their comment sections. Results indicate that despite welcoming LGBTQIA+ believers and acting as an inclusive religious space, the church follows prescriptive behaviors rooted in cis-het and homonormativity. Regardless of its LGBTQIA+ positive self-representation and ingroup affirmation approach, the church propagates a “queer” discourse embedded in traditional beliefs toward sexual relationships and practices, marriage, and parochial obedience.

Analisis Retorika Persuasif Aristoteles pada Konten “Borong Bitcoin” di Channel YouTube Timothy Ronald dalam Mempersuasi Publik

The digital asset Bitcoin, based on Blockchain technology, has gained substantial attention, especially among Generation Z and Millennials, as it stands as one of the assets within the Cryptocurrency market. Cryptocurrency focused content on YouTube has played a significant role in Bitcoin's popularity, with Timothy Ronald’s series, “Borong Bitcoin”, emerging as one of the most watched crypto contents on YouTube in Indonesia. This content's appeal lies in Timothy Ronald’s persuasive communication strategies surrounding Bitcoin and the Cryptocurrency market, earning him credibility in conveying messages effectively to the public. This study examines the persuasive rhetorical analysis of Timothy Ronald’s “Borong Bitcoin” series in influencing the audience, grounded in Aristotle's theory of persuasive rhetoric, which comprises Ethos, Pathos, and Logos. Using a qualitative descriptive research approach, this study seeks to elucidate how Aristotelian persuasive rhetoric manifests in the Borong Bitcoin content on Timothy Ronald’s YouTube channel. Content Analysis is employed as the data analysis technique, with findings demonstrating the presence of all three Aristotelian rhetorical elements Ethos, Pathos, and Logos across episodes 1 until 10 of “Borong Bitcoin” content. Future research on persuasive rhetoric is advised to broaden its scope to include various content with rhetorical elements. Additionally, studies incorporating a more diverse audience sample may provide deeper insights into specific rhetorical elements, and further exploration of visual communication could enhance the effectiveness of Ethos, Pathos, and Logos in digital content.

أثر وسيلة اليوتوب لقناة بودكاست عربي على فاعلية تعليم اللغة العربية في مدرسة آل عمران باندر سلامت

This analysis aims to gather statistical data on the impact of using the YouTube media 'Arab Podcast' on the effectiveness of Arabic learning at MTs. Ali Imran Bandar Selamat. The study employs a true experimental design based on a pretest-posttest control group approach. It involves a sample of 58 participants divided into two groups: a specialized group (experimental) and a non-specialized group (control). The results of this analysis demonstrate a significant effect on the classes studying Arabic using YouTube as an instructional tool. The development of the mean scores for pre-test and post-test indicates significance in the specialized group (experimental). Utilizing YouTube facilitates students in mastering language skills in Arabic, such as listening (istima') and speaking (kalam). Based on statistical analysis, YouTube has proven to be an effective tool in Arabic learning, serving as a creative and innovative teaching aid.

Analysis of YouTube Videos on Herbal Approaches Used in Coping with Cancer.

The use of herbal approaches is very common among cancer patients. Patients obtain information about herbal products mostly from YouTube. However, toxicity and complications may develop as a result of unconscious use of herbal products. This study was conducted to evaluate the scope, validity, reliability and quality of English language videos on YouTube about herbal approaches to cope with cancer. The present descriptive study analyzed a total of 62 YouTube videos. All videos published on YouTube until 10 January 2024 were watched as a result of a search with English words 'herbal approaches for cancer treatment' and 'herbal approaches for medicine' . The 62 videos that met the inclusion criteria were assessed for reliability, quality, and content by 2 independent reviewers by using the Global Quality Score, DISCERN, JAMA scales and Herbal Approaches Checklist. The results indicated that the videos included in the study exhibited moderate quality. Of the analyzed videos, 53.2% were found to be informative and 46.8% were found to be misleading. It was established that 59.7% (n=37) of the videos recommended the use of herbs that are known to be incompatible with chemotherapy. It was concluded that the majority of the videos on YouTube about herbal approaches had low accuracy, low quality and insufficient information level. In addition, the use of many herbal products incompatible with cancer type and treatment was recommended. However, the level of knowledge of health professionals regarding herbal approaches should also be taken into consideration and it should be recommended that health professionals with expertise in this field inform patients. Nurses should educate patients about herbal approaches and guide them in evaluating the reliability of online sources. They should stay updated through continuous education on herbal products and collaborate with other healthcare professionals to prevent potential herb-drug interactions.

Do What You Say—Computing Personal Values Associated with Professions Based on the Words They Use

Members of a profession frequently show similar personality characteristics. In this research, we leverage recent advances in NLP to compute personal values using a moral values framework, distinguishing between four different personas that assist in categorizing different professions by personal values: “fatherlanders”—valuing tradition and authority, “nerds”—valuing scientific achievements, “spiritualists”—valuing compassion and non-monetary achievements, and “treehuggers”—valuing sustainability and the environment. We collected 200 YouTube videos and podcasts for each professional category of lawyers, academics, athletes, engineers, creatives, managers, and accountants, converting their audio to text. We also categorize these professions by team player personas into “bees”—collaborative creative team players, “ants”—competitive hard workers, and “leeches”—selfish egoists using pre-trained models. We find distinctive personal value profiles for each of our seven professions computed from the words that members of each profession use.

Are YouTube videos a useful source of information on avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder?

Background: Social media platforms are widely used to share health information via videos. Avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) is a new eating disorder term that is one of the most searched topics online. This study aims to determine the quality and content of videos about ARFID on YouTube. Methods: On May 6, 2024, the term “Avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder and/or ARFID” was searched on YouTube. The videos’ quality was assessed using three scoring systems: DISCERN, Global Quality Score (GQS), and the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA). DISCERN scores defined the top 25% of videos as the most reliable and top-quality (Q1). Results: Videos (N = 295) were assessed, and 192 videos met our inclusion criteria. The most common video topic was the symptoms and diagnoses of ARFID (64.6%). Videos associated with ARFID were fair to poor quality according to DISCERN (90.6%) and GQS (79.7%). 80.2% of the videos targeted patients, and they had lower quality scores than those targeting healthcare providers. 68.42% of videos for healthcare providers were high-quality (Q1), while only 14.29% of videos targeting patients were Q1. The GQS and JAMA scores showed a negative correlation with the viewer interaction scores of the videos. Conclusions: Our findings underline the low quality of YouTube videos about ARFID. It is concerning to find that viewer interaction with the videos increases as video quality decreases. The present study highlights the risk of spreading poor-quality information via YouTube videos to the public, particularly patients.

STRATEGI PENINGKATAN PENGETAHUAN PENDIDIDKAN AGAMA ISLAM MELALUI KONTEN YOUTUBE PADA MAHASISWA KEDOKTERAN UNIVERSITAS ABULYATAMA ACEH

Islamic Religious Education (PAI) plays a significant role in shaping the character of medical students who have a busy academic schedule. However, conventional learning often faces problems such as lack of student interest and limited time to attend classes optimally. This suggests the need for innovative strategies that can address the needs of the digital generation. This study aims to explore the effectiveness of YouTube media as an alternative to learning PAI that is interactive, flexible, and in accordance with the needs of medical students at Abulyatama University Aceh. The researcher used a mixed-method research method involving 120 students who were divided into two groups: experimental and control. Data were collected through pre-test and post-test and supported by surveys and interviews. The experimental group was given PAI learning using YouTube video content designed according to the curriculum while the control group used conventional methods. The research data were analysed using paired sample t-test statistical test to evaluate the difference in learning outcomes between the two groups. The results showed that the experimental group experienced a significant increase in post-test scores with an average of 83.14 compared to the pre-test of 66.11, while the control group only experienced a small increase from 65.05 to 70.22. The significant difference proved that YouTube media was able to improve the understanding of PAI concepts more effectively than conventional methods. Students also stated that YouTube media provides flexibility in learning time and is more interesting than traditional learning. Thus, this study illustrates that the integration of technology in PAI learning to answer educational problems, in addition, using YouTube as a learning media can be a strategic alternative in a more effective learning process for students with busy academic schedules.

A COMPARISON OF YOUTUBE SHORTS FEATURES WITH REGULAR YOUTUBE VIDEOS IN ARABIC VOCABULARY LEARNING

This study aims to compare the effectiveness of the Youtube Shorts feature with regular Youtube videos in teaching Arabic vocabulary. The research design employed is a literature review, where data were collected from various scholarly articles, research reports, and other relevant sources related to the utilization of both Youtube features in the learning context. Data analysis was conducted descriptively to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of each feature based on aspects such as display design, time flexibility, and material accessibility. The results show that Youtube Shorts excels in capturing attention through interactive short videos but has limitations in delivering complex materials. Conversely, regular Youtube videos provide flexibility for more in-depth content delivery but require longer viewing times. This study recommends the synergistic use of both features, tailored to learning objectives and audience preferences, to enhance the effectiveness of Arabic vocabulary learning. Future studies are expected to conduct direct experiments with specific subjects to empirically evaluate learning outcomes.

Comparison of patient testimonials of orthognathic surgery on YouTube and TikTok.

To investigate and compare the educational value of the most popular testimonials between TikTok (TT) and YouTube (YT), and to classify the emotional response of viewers through sentiment analysis of video comments on both platforms involving orthodontic patients who will undergo orthognathic surgery. Two distinct social media searches were conducted using specific search phrases on TT and YT. For each search phrase, 30 videos were gathered from each platform, and details such as number of views, likes, and comments were recorded for each video. Each video was then evaluated for completeness of information using an Information Completeness Score (ICS). A set of comments were collected for each video, and a Sentiment Analysis Score (SAS) was assigned using Azure Machine Learning. TT had a higher number of views, likes, and comments. YT videos had a significantly higher ICS than TT (P < .0001). No statistically significant difference was found when evaluating SAS between the platforms or across phrase groups (P > .05), and no relationship was found between views, likes, comments, and SAS or ICS. YT had higher-quality information within patient testimonials posted due to higher ICS values found than TT. Patient testimonials were not determined to have a positive or negative influence on potential patient opinions in either platform. Orthodontists should leverage their own TT profiles to help direct patients toward meaningful YT testimonials through informative video links.

From preparation to success: assessing the effectiveness of Saudi Pharmacists Licensure Examination (SPLE) preparation strategies in Saudi Arabia.

This study aimed to identify the most commonly used tools by recent pharmacy graduates who successfully passed the Saudi Pharmacists Licensure Examination (SPLE). It also sought to evaluate which tools were perceived as the most useful and representative of the exam content, while considering their monetary value and offering recommendations for future candidates. A cross-sectional design was used, involving licensed pharmacists who graduated in 2019 or later and had successfully passed the SPLE. Data were collected using a questionnaire adapted from a previous study, which examined the most frequently utilized tools for SPLE preparation. The most frequently used preparation tools included SPLE question banks created by pharmacists who had previously passed the exam, which were shared predominantly through Telegram channels and utilized by 89.1% of respondents. Creator-led SPLE preparation tools with social media engagement were used by 89.6% of participants, while 40.1% relied on books. Less commonly used tools included YouTube channels (27.8%) and website-based SPLE preparation resources available via CME platforms (4.12%). The tools rated as most useful were creator-led SPLE preparation tools with social media engagement (average score: 4.22/5) and question banks (average score: 4.2/5). These tools were also deemed the most representative of the SPLE content, scoring an average of 3.9/5 and 4.09/5, respectively. This research highlights the critical role of specialized preparation strategies in equipping pharmacy graduates for success in the Saudi Pharmacists Licensure Examination (SPLE). Among the tools evaluated, question banks and creator-led preparation courses, particularly those leveraging social media platforms, emerged as the most valued resources. These tools were not only widely utilized but also praised for their alignment with the actual exam content and the mentorship opportunities they provide, fostering confidence and readiness among candidates. The findings also point to a noticeable decline in the popularity of college-led courses and other traditional platforms. This trend suggests a growing preference for flexible, self-directed learning approaches that are tailored to meet the specific demands of the SPLE. Such approaches allow candidates to adapt their study schedules and focus on high-yield content, aligning with their individual preparation needs. In conclusion, the results underscore the importance of accessible, practical, and exam-focused preparation resources in improving SPLE outcomes. Future efforts should consider integrating the strengths of these tools into institutional support systems, potentially bridging the gap between formal education and licensure readiness. Further studies are recommended to explore the cost-effectiveness and long-term impact of these tools on professional development and practice readiness among pharmacy graduates.

A new perspective on social sustainability: examining Amazon workers’ working conditions and protests applying computational methods in social sciences

The regulation of workers' working conditions is a crucial issue for achieving social sustainability. This research aims to investigate the reactions to the workers' protests at Amazon, one of the world's largest companies, in the context of the gig economy. The originality of the study lies in the analysis of 5500 comments from the YouTube channel on the subject in terms of social sustainability applying the computational methods in social sciences (CMSS). The analysis revealed some remarkable findings. For example, it was found that the working conditions of Amazon workers contravene the International Labour Organization (ILO) and the United Nations (UN) definition of decent work. It also found that the zero-hours contract, which is characteristic of the gig economy, and the negative externalities it creates, as well as extremely low wages, were among the most significant objections. These findings are crucial for governments, international institutions and policymakers who are committed to social sustainability. It should be noted that it will be impossible to achieve social sustainability without raising labour standards. In particular, governments and institutions need to develop policies that are in favour of workers.

A Quality Assessment of YouTube Videos on Chalazia: Implications for Patient Education and Healthcare Professional Involvement

A Quality Assessment of YouTube Videos on Chalazia: Implications for Patient Education and Healthcare Professional Involvement

Tempeh Nugget Innovation: Creative Steps Towards Empowered Students

The community service is carried out by a team of community service that aims to empower the students of the Mamba'ul Hisan Sidayu Gresik Islamic Boarding School through tempeh nugget management assistance activities. The methods used in the guided training are carried out offline and online through YouTube media. 12 students attended the training. Starting from preparation in November to training activities in December. The tempeh nugget-making training held at the Mamba'ul Hisan Islamic Boarding School had a significant positive impact on the participants, especially the students. The results of the evaluation showed that 82% of the participants managed to understand the material presented, and 85% were able to apply practical skills well. Through this training, students not only gain new knowledge but are also able to produce innovative products in the form of tempeh nuggets. This product is an added value in the processing of tempeh ingredients, as well as opening opportunities for students to develop independent businesses. The success of this training shows the effectiveness of the empowerment of the students so that they become more empowered individuals and ready to contribute to the economic empowerment of the pesantren and the community.

Assessing the accuracy and usefulness of YouTube videos on small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) surgery for patients and healthcare professionals

To evaluate the quality, usefulness, and reliability of videos about Small Incision Lenticule Extraction (SMILE) surgery on the YouTube platform. On January 19, 2022, a search was performed on YouTube (www.youtube.com) with the keywords ‘small incision lenticule extraction’, ‘SMILE refractive surgery’, and ‘ReLex SMILE Surgery’. The default search option was “sort videos by relevance”. The duration of videos (seconds), the number of views, the source of videos (surgeons/medical organizations-health channels/patients-others), the number of subscribers, the number of likes and dislikes, like ratio (like × 100/[like + dislike]), the number of comments, the time since upload date (days), the video content (surgery/theoretical information), the content of surgical videos (real surgery/animation), mode of expression (verbal narration/subtitle), and the presence of a conflict of interest (yes/no) were recorded. The videos were blindly evaluated by two refractive surgeons (SA and AK) using DISCERN, the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), and the Global Quality Score (GQS). A total of 101 videos were analyzed, 38 (37.6%) of which were uploaded by surgeons. The mean DISCERN, JAMA, and GQS were 37.73 ± 7.49; 1.90 ± 0.57; and 2.20 ± 0.73, respectively. The JAMA score, GQS, and video duration were all significantly correlated with the DISCERN score. The GQS was significantly correlated with all parameters except the JAMA score. Overall, SMILE surgery videos on the YouTube platform may provide cursory information to non-ophthalmologists; however, when the videos are evaluated using tools such as DISCERN, JAMA, and GQS, they are of low quality in terms of refractive surgery education for ophthalmologists. Experts should evaluate and review content uploaded to websites such as YouTube.