Background: Deteriorating diabetes management and control are common among adolescents with type 1 diabetes, while some resilient youth do remarkably well. Although resilience has been gradually recognized as a psychosocial indictor that can lead to positive diabetes outcomes, little is known about the factors that influence it. Aim: To increase the understanding of how resilience is positively and negatively affected by individual and environmental factors, we developed The Resilience Model for Adolescents with Type 1 diabetes. Method: A total of 360 adolescents with Type 1 diabetes (mean age 14.0 ± 3.3 years; 54.2% male; 73.1%; diabetes duration 4.2 ± 3.4 years; 73.1% using insulin pens) completed a cross-sectional survey about protective and risk factors of resilience. The latent psychosocial variables and demographics of participants were evaluated using structural equation modeling and logistic regression. Results: The majority of goodness-of-fit indices indicate that the Resilience Model for Adolescents with Type 1 diabetes was a good model, and family functioning, peer support, peer stress and coping style accounted for a high level of variance in resilience (63%). Logistic regression revealed that three demographic variables, age, family income, educational level of the primary caregiver, accounted for 14.3% of this variance. Discussion: The Resilience Model for Adolescents with Type 1 diabetes allows for a better understanding of what adolescents experience while live with of type 1 diabetes. Our results indicate that this model would be an effective structure by which to develop interventions to build or strengthen resilience related to diabetes and its management.