Youth Organizations Research Articles

Virtual working in a voluntary youth organisation during the COVID-19 pandemic: challenges, opportunities and prospects

During the COVID-19 pandemic, voluntary and non-profit organisations have faced the challenge of maintaining their services while protecting staff and service users during a time of unprecedented threat to human health. This practice paper explores the experiences of a voluntary youth organisation that introduced a system of virtual/online working between management, staff and service users during the pandemic. The paper discusses staff perspectives on the benefits and costs of online working for voluntary organisations and offers recommendations about how they may use this mode of working in a post-COVID world.

Aksi Pengembara (Pemuda Penggagas Pembaruan) Umsida Students to Help Manage Used Cooking Oil in Klurak Village Rw 07

Humans have a variety of activities that support the increasing amount of waste in the community environment. One of the household wastes produced is waste oil or what is often referred to as used cooking oil. Waste oil can be categorized as used cooking oil when it changes color to blackish brown. Discolored waste oil is no longer suitable for consumption. Some people with limited information about used cooking oil processing, tend to throw it away and result in environmental pollution. There are also many people who do not care about the impact of littering used waste. This dedication through Action Nomads is carried out to educate the people of Klurak Village RW 07 in raising awareness about the impact of waste used waste disposal and how to improve skills in managing used cooking oil. As for empowering youth who will later continue the Nomad Action in caring for the environment from the dangers of waste cooking oil in the surrounding environment. The method used in this study is by outreach to the community about the use value of used cooking oil waste which can produce a useful and valuable product. As youths, the servant collaborated with youth youth organizations in Klurak Rw 07 Village to campaign for a movement to reduce the use of used cooking oil. The result of implementing this activity is increasing knowledge about the impact of waste used cooking oil and using this used cooking oil to be used as a material that is ready for reuse.

Sosialisasi dan Pendampingan Public Speaking dan Pembentukan Organisasi Sebagai Upaya Pengembangan Sumber Daya Manusia Bagi Remaja SMP Negeri 4 Kutacane

Competency/ability of Human Resources is also important in supporting the achievements and goals of the organization, in facing the rapid development of technology, organizations can no longer stand idly by, they will be crushed by the times, in the current era it could be said that people or organizations cannot sleep. amidst the hustle and bustle of development in all fields, the availability of highly skilled human resources is very necessary, the era of one-touch one service requires the ability to manage well, continuously, and consistently. To produce good human resources, implementing the 12-Year Compulsory Education program or graduating from high school is one of the government's efforts to improve the quality of human resources that are more qualified and competitive. Through this program, it is also hoped that it will be able to become a solution in reducing unemployment rates, reducing school dropout rates, and increasing the abilities of the young generation who are ready and able to compete globally. The method used in this service is public speaking assistance and the formation of youth organizations. The results of this research show that teenagers from SMP 4 Kutacane already understand: exploring self-potential, step-by-step building self-confidence, public speaking, character education, and organizing. Apart from that, there are changes and increases in knowledge and the addition of teenagers in organizations, and they tend to have the courage to express opinions in public, with public speaking training

PENANAMAN MANGROVE DI PANTAI MEKO DESA PLEDO SEBAGAI UPAYA PENCEGAHAN ABRASI

Climate change, which is increasingly erratic, is a natural phenomenon that needs to be addressed. It is this kind of fact that should invite all parties to how to respond to such natural phenomena, especially the government as an agent of service and development. In line with such climate change, innovation in ecosystems in various aspects of human life has to be increasingly eroded and one of them is the threat to the sea. One of the alternatives for preserving marine ecosystems is innovation in sea reforestation. Mangrove which is a marine plant as a retention barrier for the potential for sand to erode and prevent abrasion is one of the superior alternatives. Mangrove forest ecosystem is an important habitat for biodiversity and as a coast guard from abrasion. This activity aims to increase public awareness about the importance of mangroves in preventing abrasion, especially in Meko Hamlet. This activity involved all village officials, youth youth organizations and residents of Meko Hamlet and MBKM students. In general, this activity went smoothly and was attended with quite high enthusiasm. It is hoped that with this activity, the community can understand and take advantage of the great benefits possessed by mangroves and prevent villages from abrasion. Mangrove planting as a prevention effort is an option that can be offered to Meko beach conservation, Pledo Village, Witihama District – East Adonara.

Compassionate Mind Training for Caregivers in Residential Youth Care: Investigating their Experiences Through a Thematic Analysis

ObjectivesCompassion can be valuable in demanding help settings, both to professionals and clients. Nevertheless, compassion-based interventions have not yet been investigated in residential youth care. This qualitative study aimed to examine the caregivers’ experiences with the Compassionate Mind Training program for Caregivers (CMT-Care Homes), as well as their perceptions regarding the barriers/enablers, transfer of learnings, and impact at individual, group, and organizational levels.MethodThree focus groups were conducted, enrolling 19 caregivers after their participation in the CMT-Care Homes. Data were examined using thematic analysis.ResultsFour overarching themes, 10 themes, and 14 subthemes were identified. The CMT-Care Homes seemed to enable the development of the three flows of compassion (i.e., compassion towards others, receive compassion from others, and self-compassion). While the program’s acceptability, practice, and transfer of learnings seem to facilitate compassion, reported difficulties with some formal practices and fears, blocks, and resistances to compassion might be barriers to its development. Knowledge and practices were transferred to work, both at individual and collective levels, increasing caregivers’ emotional health and strengthening team functioning. The program also contributed to improve care practices and to promote an affiliative organizational climate. Indirect impact on youth was also reported, regarding their reactions to the caregivers’ compassionate attitudes.ConclusionsFindings demonstrated promising benefits of the CMT-Care Homes in residential youth care settings, at personal, team, and organization levels. Compassion was helpful in working with youth, and in regulating caregivers’ own emotions at work. Limitations regarding method and data analysis should be considered.

PEMBERDAYAAN UMKM MELALUI DIGITAL MARKETING DAN FESTIVAL BAZAR SEBAGAI TUJUAN SDG’S DESA

The Sustainable Development Goals (SDG's) are development that prioritizes the quality of life from one generation to the next. Poverty is one of the problems in various cities in Indonesia. DKI Jakarta, as the capital city of Indonesia, still has areas that can be called KUMIS (Kumuh Miskin) in several areas, for example in the Pela Mampang Sub-district. From these problems, formed program to improve the sales quality of MSMEs in the surrounding area. Improving the quality of sales by providing counseling to MSME players about selling their products through dare and working with local youth organizations to hold bazaars around the Pela Mampang Sub-district. The bazaar activity is intended so that the community around the Pela Mampang area can participate in selling their products and can highlight existing local wisdom. The method used is Research & Development (R&D). The target audience for this program is adults aged 18-45 years. The results of this program are the implementation of socialization on the use of the marketplace as a current sales innovation and the implementation of bazaar activities as the aim of increasing the community's economy by maintaining the value of DKI Jakarta's local wisdom.

Training adult laypeople in basic life support to enhance knowledge and confidence

Background: The lack ability of community to provide first aid to victims who experience cardiac arrest is due to their lack of knowledge and skills. Adolescent to adult age group has good potential to be involved in efforts to provide resuscitation for Out-of-Hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) cases.Purpose: To determine the effect of training adult laypeople in basic life support to enhance knowledge and confidenceMethod: A quasi-experimental study with 1 pre and post-test group with a total sample of 30 members of youth organizations taken with total sampling technique.Results: There was an increase in respondents' knowledge by an average of 58.89 from the initial knowledge with an average score of 30 (poor) to 88.89 (good). The results of statistical calculations using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test with a level of significance (α) 0.05 showed that calculated W value smaller than W table and the p value 0.000 smaller than α 0.05. There was also an increase in respondents' self-confidence of performing BLS from an average of 43.67 (less confident) to an average of 88.00 (very confident) after BLS training. Calculated W value is smaller than W table and p value 0,000 smaller than α 0.05.Conclusion: BLS training has a significant effect on the knowledge and self-confidence level of respondents. There is an increase in the level of knowledge and confidence of respondents in the age group of adolescents and young adults to perform resuscitation after receiving BLS training.

Youth Entrepreneurship as a Strategy for Household Poverty Reduction in Umjindi Trust Village, Mpumalanga Province

This paper explores the contribution of youth entrepreneurship to poverty reduction in households of Umjindi Trust Village, Mpumalanga Province, South Africa. This paper deems youth entrepreneurship as one of the strategies contributing to household poverty reduction in rural areas. This research adopted a qualitative approach to explore the contribution of youth entrepreneurship to household poverty reduction. Thus, face-to-face, semi-structured interviews were conducted with youth entrepreneurs to elicit data. In addition, focus group discussions, consisting of family members of youth entrepreneurs, were conducted to supplement data from interviews. The results suggest that youth entrepreneurship is a survival strategy in Umjindi Trust Village’s job-scarce environment. It is evident that youth entrepreneurship strategy positively contributes to poverty reduction at household level, mainly through job creation for youth entrepreneurs themselves and community members. However, the potential of youth entrepreneurship is undermined by several challenges, including lack of start-up funding, unfavourable government regulations, lack of skills, and poor marketing. Therefore, this paper recommends the active participation of youth centres and organisations in decentralised entrepreneurial training and entrepreneurship support to promote youth entrepreneurship in remote areas.

Making Gymnastics Catholic: The Life, Death, and Resurrection of the Croatian Orao in Interwar Yugoslavia

Abstract This article focuses on the Croatian Orao, a gymnastic organization that became hegemonic among the Croatian Catholic population of interwar Yugoslavia. The first section examines the genesis of the Croatian Orao within the changing Catholic landscape of Croatia, Yugoslavia, and Europe more broadly, with particular emphasis on Orao’s relationships with Orel – a gymnastic movement very similar to Orao that was popular among Slovenes – and the Holy See, as well as Orao’s role in conflicts in the Croatian Catholic sphere. Part 2 will situate the Croatian Orao in the complex ecosystem of youth and gymnastic organizations present in the first Yugoslav state, especially with respect to the different Sokol organizations. Focusing on the actual sport activities practiced in Orao, the aim is to tackle the specific place of gymnastics in the associational culture of the Croatian Orao. The third and final part will explore the dismantling of Orao’s associational network by the state in 1929, and the association’s reorganization in other, more radical guises in 1930.

Israeli Students’ Evaluations Regarding Leadership Education in Post-Primary Schools

This article examines the way students attending middle and high schools in Israel evaluate leadership education in their schools and the extent to which it contributes to their leader self-efficacy. Based on 376 questionnaires completed by teenage girls (n = 243) and boys (n = 133) who attend middle and high school in the public education system in Israel, it focuses on their perceptions regarding their school as their main leadership development establishment. Using a Likert scale to measure attitudes and perceptions of youth leadership, the questionnaire was used to investigate the following topics: the school’s efforts to impart leadership and encourage leadership and leadership ability, their self-perceptions of leadership ability, and the impact of the school staff on their leadership development. Students expressed discontent with the school’s ability to impart and motivate leadership, and family members and youth organizations are perceived as more influential. Students in middle schools participate more in leadership programs but evaluate the school’s contribution to leadership development less favorably than high school students. Although girls and boys are participating in leadership programs at a similar rate, girls’ leader self-efficacy is relatively low. Implementing leadership education has some deficiencies that require policymakers to make necessary adjustments regarding age and gender.

Community Empowerment in Preventing and Overcoming Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) with 3M Plus

The number of people suffering from Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) in Magetan Regency from year to year shows a significant increase. Starting from 2021 to 2023, there are 5 sub-districts that have been declared endemic areas for dengue fever, including Ngariboyo Sub-district. Baleasri Village, Ngariboyo District, has many places where mosquitoes’ nest. There are still many people's houses that lack lighting and are damp, making them suitable places for mosquitoes to live. The aim of this Community Partnership Program (PKM) activity is to facilitate the community in preventing and controlling dengue fever independently so that their health level increases. The method used is a combination of Community Development and education models by empowering housewives, youth organizations, larva monitoring cadres (Jumantik), sanitation working group cadres (pokjasan) as subjects and objects. Implementation of activities takes the form of training and mentoring under the guidance of facilitators, health officers and support from the Village Head. The material includes the importance of eradicating mosquito nests (PSN) with 3M Plus for the prevention and eradication of dengue fever. The results achieved were increased community understanding and skills in preventing and eradicating dengue fever with PSN 3M Plus which was carried out by the community independently.

Motivation in self-regulation of youth volunteer activities

The research is devoted to the study of youth motivation for volunteer activities. The theoretical basis of the presented study is the concept of youth’s self-regulation. According to its provisions, the motivation of volunteer activity can be considered as an indicator of socio-cultural self-regulation and social adaptation of young volunteers in those situations when certain volunteering practices are considered by them as part of their world. The article analyzes the results of a sociological survey of young students of the Sverdlovsk region aged 14 to 24 (N – 996, quota sample, 2022). The study revealed that the motivation for the volunteer activity of the student youth of the Sverdlovsk region reflects the trends for concretization in the youth consciousness of volunteer efforts and the importance of understanding the possibility to get applicable results both for society and for themselves, аs well as the preference for voluntary practices of constructive civic behavior that enable young people to fulfill their potential. Altruistic motivation and self-confidence motivate high school volunteers. The motivation of students volunteering over the past two years has become more pragmatic and is associated with building social networks and expanding employment opportunities, while studying at a university – with the need to pursue a professional or socio-political career. According to the poll results, it is proved that the internal motivation for volunteering activity as a reflection of the interiorization of values of volunteering and the acceptance of this activity is not formed by the external environment, where youth volunteer projects are organized by the school, youth organizations, and depends on the regularity of volunteer participation of youth and the consequence of this involvement, volunteer self-identification. Certain evidence of young people’s adaptation to the conditions of volunteering popularization and its acceptance is the practice in which they acquire, as volunteers, the experience of related online activities. It is these practices are matched with the demands of society and the inner motivation of volunteering determine the willingness of youth to continue this activity.

Kampung Kreasi, Waste Recycling-Based Social Tourism Program: Turning a Slum Area into a Tourist Destination

As a market leader for lubricant manufacturers in Indonesia, Pertamina Lubricants continues to increase company value while providing sustainable benefits and added value to stakeholders and the environment. The establishment of Kampung Kreasi is Pertamina Lubricants’ Corporate Social Innovation (CSI) initiative by turning Sidokumpul village, Gresik district into an ecotourism destination through waste management, small land utilization, cultural preservation, and capacity building for community groups. CSI is related to the company’s core business and competency that can be developed through Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). Moreover, CSI is creating shared value, and the benefits of the CSI program are perceived directly by both the targeted group and the company. The effectiveness of CSI is measured by the Social Return On Investment (SROI) method, intended to determine the outputs and outcomes perceived by various stakeholders and also determine the comparison (ratio) between investment and benefits quantitatively. SROI measurement for Kampung Kreasi Program was organized using an evaluative method by measuring the impact generated over the past 3 years through in-depth interviews with members of youth organizations, tourism awareness groups, family empowerment programs, the Sidokumpul village government, and beneficiary communities. The results of the SROI analysis show that the benefit value is IDR 932,305,501 compared to the investment value of IDR 175,399,800. In other words, every investment of IDR 1 in the Kampung Kreasi program can produce benefits of IDR 5.32 (SROI = 1: 5.32).

Examining the Differences Between Playoff Teams and Non-Playoff Teams in Men’s Euroleague; Play-Type Statistics Perspective

The offensive tactics of basketball teams consist of a series of actions performed with the collaboration of two or more players on the court. The study aimed to determine the differences in the possessions and the points of the play-type statistics of the eight playoff teams and the other ten non-playoff teams of the 2020 to 2021 men’s Euroleague season. The study sample consists of a total of 13,056 play types obtained through systematic observation methodology, which examined 272 matches involving 17 teams. Descriptive statistics and the Mann–Whitney U test was employed to obtain the findings. It was found that the catch’n & shoot, pick and roll ball handler are the most frequently used possessions and points that produced play-type statistics for all teams. Results showed that isolation ( U = 3,7740.5; z = −3.93; p < .05) pick and roll handler’s ( U = 39,932; z = −2.91; p < .05), post-up ( U = 39,878.5; z = −2.94; p < .05) and Screen-off possessions ( U = 41,689; z = −2,107; p < .05) of the playoff teams were statistically higher than non-playoff teams. Positively significant differences were also observed in isolation ( U = 38,172; z = −3,744; p < .05), pick and roll handler’s ( U = 40,278.5; z = −2,748; p < .05), post-up ( U = 38,353.5; z = −3,659; p < .05), and Screen-off ( U = 38,819.5; z = −3,434; p < .05) points of the playoff teams and non-playoff teams. These results show that playoff teams are prominent with the screen-off possessions and points as a team play, but post-ups, pick’n roll handlers selection, and catch’n shoot possessions and points are displayed by highly talented players. The findings may assist coaches and managers in roster building. Coaches might consider including these play-types in offensive sets and can create a more productive system. This understanding can be integrated into youth organizations’ training programs to raise high-level players.

A retrospective analysis of the trends in modern contraceptive use among adolescents and young women (15–24 years) in the Democratic Republic of the Congo in the last two decades

ABSTRACT Introduction: The increasing rate of unsafe abortion among adolescents and young women (AYW) in Sub-Saharan Africa may be attributed to a high rate of undesirable pregnancies and limited access to contraception services. The study looked at the prevalence of current contraception use among young women (15–24 years old) in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). Methods: The study analyzed secondary data from the demographic health survey (DHS) and UNICEF concerning AYW aged 15–24 years using IBM Corp. Released 2021. IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 28.0. (Armonk, NY: IBM Corp.). The study population included 15,319 female adolescents and young adults in DRC. DHS datasets for 2001, 2010, 2017/2018, and UNICEF 2007 and 2013–2014 were downloaded after permission to use the data. Results: The AYW aged 20–24 accounted for 67% of the study population. The use of modern contraceptives has followed a roller coaster course. It dropped significantly from 2.6% in 2001 to 0.1% in 2007; it climbed to 2.7% in 2010 and 3.3% in 2013/14 but dropped to 2% in 2017/18. The most used method was male condoms (1.76%). A higher proportion of unmarried (2.3%) used any methods than married (1.8%). Those who attained secondary/higher education (2.6%) used modern contraceptives more than those with no formal education (1.5%), P < 0.0001. Those residing in the urban areas (4.5%) used modern contraceptives compared to those who lived in rural areas (1.7%) P < 0.0001. Modern contraceptive use among those with birth histories (2.6%) was comparatively higher than those who have not (2.3%), P < 0.0001. Those who lived in urban areas were adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 2.504 times (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.793–3.497) more likely to use birth control than those in rural areas (P < 0.001) Conclusion: As reported in this study, the proportion of AYW’s awareness of modern contraceptives is deficient in DRC, which might be attributed not only due to a lack of knowledge or enlightenment but also due to healthcare facilities’ limited capacity to provide reproductive and sexual health services. Educating the AYW about modern contraceptive methods and interventions, including parents, the school system, and youth organizations, and strengthening the capacity of health facilities to provide modern contraception should be considered.

Development of agribusiness-based tourism villages in Sigi Regency, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia

In order to increase economic growth, welfare of farmers, eradicate poverty, overcome unemployment, preserve nature, environment and resources, and promote culture. So, the potential of an area needs to be developed. The aim of the research is to develop an agribusiness-based tourism village development plan. The determination of respondents was deliberately based on the highest position in the organization. The number of respondents was 72 respondents who came from technical regional government organizations, village heads, sub-district heads, village youth organizations and academics. The analytical method for determining a tourism village and planning the development of an agribusiness-based tourism village uses the borda method analysis tool and the process hierarchy analysis method. The results show the direction of priority development for each designation of agribusiness-based tourism villages based on accessibility, amenities, actions, accommodation and activities with the support of agribusiness potential, social aspects, and village institutions.

Pengetahuan Dan Sikap Tentang Berhenti Merokok Pada Perokok Aktif Di Kelurahan Ketintang Surabaya: Mix-Method

The prevalence of smoking in adolescents has increased from year to year. Smoker awareness is very important inincreasing the success of quitting smoking. The level of knowledge and attitudes is needed for self-managementattitudes for smokers. The aim of this study was to determine the level of knowledge and attitudes about smokingcessation among active smokers in the Ketintang Village, Surabaya. The design that will be used in this study isMix-Methods with Convergent Parallel Design. This research was conducted in Ketintang, Surabaya, with theconsideration of the availability of active smokers in a Mosque Youth and Youth Organization organization, whichwas carried out for 2 months starting April 2022 - June 2022. The variables measured in this study included thelevel of knowledge and attitudes of active smokers about quitting smoking. Data collection was carried out by indepth interviews and data were analyzed descriptively. Respondents involved in the study were 40 people. Theaverage respondent has good knowledge (90.00%) and a positive attitude (95.00%). Respondents thought that thetypes of cigarettes according to respondents were ordinary cigarettes (conventional), shisya, and vape. Respondentsthought that the way to quit smoking could be done by making an independent effort to quit, avoiding smokers'surroundings, and replacing conventional cigarettes with electric cigarettes (vape). Therefore, smoking cessationprograms need to be improved, especially for smokers who wish to quit smoking.

Youths’ Participation in Community Development Project in Ibadan Oyo State

The lack of attention given to youth participation in community development projects has hindered the progress of development in many communities. Despite their valuable contributions, which include physical strength, mental capabilities, and exposure, the efforts of young people are often disregarded, and their voices go unheard. The objective of this research was to evaluate the level of participation of youths in community development projects in Ibadan, Oyo State research study employed a descriptive survey research design to gather information on the participation of youth organizations in community development projects/programmes in Ibadan, Oyo State. The population of this study comprised all the estimated sample for this study is 320. A multi-stage sampling procedure was utilized to determine the sample size. In the first stage, two local governments, namely Ibadan North and Akinyele, were purposively selected within the Ibadan metropolis. In the second stage, four communities were randomly chosen from each of the selected local government areas: Agbowo, Bodija, Yematu, and Mokola from Ibadan North, and Moniya, Ojoo, Orogun, and Idi-Ose from Akinyele and 40 respondents were selected from each of the selected communities on whom were administered a self-structured questionnaire, the data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The findings indicated a moderately high level of participation of youths in community development projects in Ibadan. Based on these findings, it is recommended that community leaders recognize and strengthen the involvement of youths. This would encourage greater sense of belonginess in and sustainability of community development projects and overall community progress.

Keterangan Pelatihan Pembukuan, Pencatatan Dan Pelaporan Keuangan Sederhana Menuju Entrepreneur Modern, Inovatif Dan Unggul Kepada Karang Taruna

Karang Taruna as a social organization as well as a forum and means for the development of every member of society which grows and develops on the basis of social awareness and responsibility from, by and for the community, especially the young generation in the village/sub-district area, is primarily engaged in the field of social welfare business." Karang Taruna Pasir Jaya is still under the auspices of the Village, so it receives funding every year from the Village government. Therefore, competent Human Resources (HR) are needed to produce quality financial reports. Through this community service activity, it is hoped that the community, especially youth organizations, will understand the concept and meaning of the Cash Book, namely a financial journal containing records of cash receipts and payments, as well as understand the benefits of the Cash Book. This activity is carried out through outreach, training and mentoring to members of the Pasir Jaya Youth Organization. Based on the Community Service activities that have been carried out, there were participants who were able to understand 75% of the material. The result of this service activity is to increase the knowledge of the community, especially youth organizations, about the bookkeeping system, recording daily transactions so that the business carried out can provide the expected profits.

IMPLEMENTATION OF KAMPUNG TURIS PARKING POLICY BY KARANG TARUNA WONOHARJO VILLAGE PANGANDARAN DISTRICT PANGANDARAN REGENCY

This research is motivated by the not yet optimal implementation of the policy for the management of the Kampung Turis parking lot by the Youth Organizations in Wonoharjo Village, Pangandaran District, Pangandaran Regency withInadequate parking facilities and infrastructure where there is no adequate parking space, there is no marking line for parking vehicles or Parking Space Units (SRP), Lack of discipline of parking officers in the collection of parking taxes in the Tourist Village, Wonoharjo Village, Pangandaran District, Pangandaran Regency, and has not there is guidance for parking officers from the Pangandaran Regency Transportation Service. Based on the research results that the implementation of the policy for managing the parking lot of the Kampung Turis by Karang Taruna, Wonoharjo Village, Pangandaran District, Pangandaran Regency, has not been optimal, with many problems in its implementation such as inadequate facilities and infrastructure in policy implementation, lack of understanding of officers on the contents of the policy, and no clear delegation of authority. from the government to officers in implementing policies, policy information has not been conveyed clearly by officers to the public regarding policy implementation, there is no integrated and consistent communication between officers and the community, organizations and related agencies, there is no adequate budget support in implementing the policy and there is no regulatory support in implementing the policy for the management of the Kampung Turis parking lot.