Younger Generation Research Articles

A systematic literature review on adaptation strategies towards climate change impacts among Indigenous fishers

ABSTRACT Indigenous fishers are known for their traditional fishing methods and high reliance on ecosystem stability. Climate change poses a formidable challenge to their way of life. Climate change adaptation refers to an adjustment in ecological, social, or economic systems in response to actual or expected climatic stimuli. Studies are being conducted worldwide on how Indigenous peoples are responding to climate change impacts. The main aim of this study was to develop a systematic literature review (SLR) on how Indigenous fishers adapt to these impacts. RepOrting Standards for Systematic Evidence Syntheses (ROSES) were used to guide the present SLR and formulate research questions based on the mnemonic “population, interest, and context” (PICo). From a search in 4 primary databases, 115 potential articles were found and 21 were analyzed. Four studies were conducted in the United States, and others were conducted in Asian, Northern American, and African regions. Five main themes were elaborated: Indigenous knowledge of weather prediction; Indigenous practices; livelihood diversification; technology and infrastructure-based adaptation strategies; and collective action and collaboration. Senior fishers actively used Indigenous knowledge and practices, but the younger generation preferred to use technology (e.g., GPS, satellite data, snowmobiles) in their fishing operations. To sustain their livelihood, some Indigenous fishers rely on alternative jobs (non-fisheries related), use multiple fishing techniques, or catch marine species. The review suggests the need to integrate Indigenous opinions, experiences, and knowledge into climate change-related policy, active involvement of Indigenous fishers in habitat restoration, use of technology, and diversification of livelihood, to combat climate change impacts among Indigenous fishers.

Loose cigarette purchase and adolescent smoking in Indonesia: a mixed-methods study

ObjectivesTo investigate the relationship between purchasing loose cigarettes and adolescent smoking habits in Indonesia.Design and settingThis study employed a mixed-methods sequential explanatory design. We analysed the secondary data from a...

Factors associated with radiation risk perception among Japanese university students.

After the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station accident, various information about radiation circulated throughout Japan, leading to diverse perceptions regarding the situation in Fukushima. These perceptions contributed to the social challenges faced by the residents of Fukushima at the time, including prejudice and discrimination. This heightened concern about radiation exposure, particularly among younger generations who were considering marriage or starting families. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the present status of radiation risk perception among university students in Japan and the factors associated with radiation risk perception among these students. A questionnaire survey was administered to university students throughout Japan. We collected demographic information as well as queried their perception of radiation risk (delayed health effects and genetic effects). The results showed that approximately 60% and 40% of respondents believed that delayed effects and genetic effects would occur among residents of Fukushima, respectively. Additionally, having a university major other than studying radiation techniques and living in western Japan were associated with these perceptions of risk. In the future, enhancing risk communication, especially among young populations in western Japan, is necessary to dispel anxiety about the risks from radiation exposure.&#xD.

Tantangan dan Peluang Pengimplementasian Kurikulum Merdeka di SD/MI Sumatera Selatan

This study aims to analyze the implementation process of the Merdeka Curriculum in MI/SD in South Sumatra. Several issues arise during the implementation process, including teacher readiness, limited training, inadequate infrastructure, and community understanding. This research is a qualitative study with a field approach, employing data collection techniques such as interviews, observations, and documentation. The informants in this study consist of 25 individuals, including educators, school principals, and students. The process of data processing and analysis is conducted in three stages: data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. Data validity is ensured through triangulation methods, which include source, technique, and time triangulation. Based on the results and discussion, the curriculum provides opportunities to enhance learning through a flexible, student-centered approach and the development of character and 21st-century skills. Several schools in South Sumatra have implemented project-based learning, differentiated instruction, and technology to create active and innovative learning environments. Despite the challenges, the Merdeka Curriculum has a positive impact on improving the quality of education and preparing a creative and independent younger generation

The Traditional Dwelling of the Mordvins: On the History of Classification and Transformations

Ethno-cultural tradition has historically determined the type of dwelling to be constructed for a relatively long period of time. However, in response to changing circumstances, the type of residential building can also change significantly. The lack of a comprehensive analysis of the history of classification and transformation of the Mordovian dwellings in the indigenous territory of residence and in other regions of Russia represents a significant obstacle to scientific research in this field. In the context of the current surge in interest in ethnotourism and the preservation of cultural heritage, this scientific research is particularly relevant for younger generations. Information on the history of formation and classification (by the way of its vertical development, by horizontal layout and by the method of construction) of the traditional Mordovian dwelling in the Mordovian Territory / Republic of Mordovia, Volga region, Siberia was collected by the author both in the Republic of Mordovia and in ethnographic expeditions in Tyumen, Kemerovo, Chelyabinsk, Sverdlovsk, Kurgan region, Altai, Krasnoyarsk Territory and other regions of Russia (1991–2018). By vertical development dwellings of the distant past can be classified as following forms: a hut; a dugout and a semi-dugout; a bathhouse; an izba; wooden and adobe houses. According to the horizontal layout the dwellings can be classified as single-chamber, two-chamber, three-chamber dwellings, etc. According to the material and method of construction they are either made of log (mainly), clay, adobe or bricks, due to natural, economic and other factors. Outside Mordovia, Mordovian dwellings differ by material: wood, clay, stone, adobe houses; and by structure: log cabins and crosses (the latter is most common in the villages of Kalinovka, Pokrovka of the Sorokinsky district of the Tyumen region). Dwelling complexes near Mordovia in settlements in the Mordovian region were constantly changing. This was facilitated by the rise in the material well-being of rural residents. The share of two- and three-chamber housing increased with time. The process was faster in towns, more prosperous settlements, settlements located near highways, railways, industrial centers, while in the villages where the population came into contact with urban culture less often, this transition was slower. It would be inaccurate to speak of original and special Mordovian dwellings these days. The Mordvins have been living in next to the Russians for many centuries, their types of economy and building traditions are very similar. The housing of the Mordovian settlers are now largely indistinguishable from those of the surrounding population. The characteristics identified are more indicative of regional than ethnic differences.

KIDNAPPING IN NIGERIA: CHALLENGES AND MITIGATION STRATEGIES

The phenomenon of kidnapping has emerged as a significant security concern on a global scale, with particular concern in the recent past within Nigeria. The objective of the study was to assess the phenomenon of kidnapping in Nigeria, focusing on its challenges and mitigation strategies. Being a theoretical paper, data for the study were obtained from reviewing pertinent publications, which served as secondary sources of data. The study examined the high incidence of abduction in Nigeria and implicated the influence of socio-economic factors such as unemployment, poverty, and greed, for the emergence, prevalence and challenges associated with kidnapping in the country. The study further revealed that the pursuit and glorification of material wealth can be a further driver of kidnapping, as it is perpetrated by individuals who seek to satisfy their material needs without consideration for the physical, emotional and economic trauma they visit on their victims. The study recommends that governments at all levels should provide employment opportunities for the large number of unemployed youths in Nigeria, particularly in light of the increasing poverty rates among the civilian population. This can be done through deliberate collaborative efforts between the government and the private sector to generate job opportunities for the country's expanding population, particularly for the younger generation. The government should create conducive atmosphere for the expansion of businesses to retain those in paid employment.

Folk Legends and Proverbs Related to Animals in Northeastern China: Contemporary Young People’s Viewpoints and the Construction of Cultural Codes

ABSTRACT Northeastern China is home to the Manchurian people, who primarily practice shamanism. Wild animals play a crucial role in the lives, literature, and folklore of the Manchurian people. With the widespread use of mobile networks, young individuals in the region have access to a wide range of information sources that transcend geographical and social boundaries, and numerous folk customs and proverbs related to animals can now be researched using online platforms. This study investigated whether a substantial difference existed in the understanding of proverbs related to animals between the younger and older generations in northeastern China and examined the cultural codes that could be derived from folk sayings. The study administered a questionnaire and used a confusion matrix to determine young individuals’ ability to interpret proverbs. Barthes’ semiotics and two orders of signification model were applied to analyze and decode the symbolic meanings in folkloric proverbs related to animals, deriving the cultural codes contained in them. This study contributes to maintaining northeastern Chinese traditional culture, promotes the development of intangible cultural assets, and cultivates local cultural creativity, to enhance northeastern Chinese individuals’ sense of identity and belonging.

The Role of Environmental Certification in the Hospitality Industry: Assessing Sustainability, Consumer Preferences, and the Economic Impact

Hotel certifications have become increasingly vital in promoting sustainability within the hospitality industry, providing frameworks that guide hotels toward reducing their environmental footprint, enhancing operational efficiency, and gaining a competitive edge in the marketplace. This review explores the development, types, and impact of hotel certifications, with a focus on prominent schemes, such as LEED, Green Key, and EarthCheck. Through an analysis of case studies from globally recognized hotels, we highlight how certifications contribute to significant reductions in energy and water use, improved waste management, and enhanced biodiversity protection, while also delivering economic benefits through cost savings and increased guest loyalty. Our paper also examines consumer perceptions of certifications and their willingness to pay (WTP) for certified hotels. The findings suggest that eco-conscious travelers, particularly younger generations, are willing to pay a premium for hotels that demonstrate a commitment to sustainability; however, consumer awareness of certification schemes remains limited. The barriers to adopting certifications, such as high initial costs, resource limitations, and management resistance, are also discussed, along with the challenges posed by greenwashing and the proliferation of certification schemes. Looking to the future, this review identifies key trends that will shape the evolution of hotel certifications, including increased transparency, the integration of smart technologies, the expanding role of social responsibility, and their alignment with global sustainability goals, such as the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Hotel certifications are not only crucial for environmental sustainability, but also serve as a powerful tool for enhancing the economic viability of hotels in an increasingly competitive and sustainability-driven market.

Analysis of the Effectiveness of the Sharia Literacy Movement CSR Program at PT. Bank Muamalat Indonesia Tbk, Through the Present Value, Future Value and Intrinsic Value Approach

This study aims to evaluate and assess the effectiveness of the Gerakan Literasi Syariah (GEULIS) made by PT. Bank Muamalat Indonesia Tbk. GEULIS Program is a financial education program for the younger generation that aims to increase Islamic financial literacy and inclusion in Indonesia. This research method uses a combination approach, namely qualitative and quantitative descriptive which aims to explore the impact of the program and measure it to determine the social value produced using the Social Return on Investment (SROI) model. This study shows that the GEULIS Program has produced significant social value with three approaches used, namely the present value approach produces a ratio of 1:4.06, future value with a figure of 1:4.87, and intrinsic value shows a figure of 1:4.43. The three ratios based on sensitivity analysis, show the consistency of the > 1 number, this means that the program has run effectively and has a significant impact. In addition, the impact generated by this program has contributed to SDGs 1, 3, 4, 8 and 9. Thus, the GEULIS Program must still strive to increase its effectiveness by implementing it more intensively and expanding the scope of the program.

Feedback from the younger generation on health information shared by their parents on WeChat: types, antecedents and consequences

PurposeIn China, it is prevalent for parents to share health information on WeChat and receive feedback from their children. This study aims to investigate the feedback from younger generations regarding their parents’ health information sharing. It will examine the different types of feedback, explore the factors influencing it and analyze the outcomes that result from this feedback exchange.Design/methodology/approachThe empirical findings draw on the qualitative analysis using grounded theory. This study collects data from 34 participants (17 pairs of one young person and one parent) through in-depth interviews and WeChat chat records. Then, a theoretical model was developed through open, axial and selective coding.FindingsFeedback can be classified into five types: support, correction, perfunctoriness, ostracism and rejection as well as into “Affective-Behavioral-Cognitive” dimensions. Younger generations’ feedback types are influenced by a variety of factors, including information, emotion and individual and family-related factors. Each feedback type has distinct effects, such as altering older generations’ emotional and communication responses.Originality/valueThis pioneering study explores how younger generations in China perceive their parents’ health information sharing on social media. It highlights the importance of feedback in this context, providing actionable insights to enhance digital literacy among older adults, strengthen family bonds and enhance the spread of valuable and scientific health information online.

Generation Z, Circular Fashion, and Sustainable Marketing

This study explores Generation Z's perceptions, attitudes, and behaviors regarding sustainable fashion, focusing on the contradiction between their environmental awareness and consumption patterns. Using a mixed-method approach that includes a literature review and surveys of young consumers, the research aims to understand the motivations and barriers they face when considering sustainable fashion options. The key finding reveals that, despite high levels of environmental and ethical awareness, Generation Z continues to prefer fast fashion, primarily due to its affordability and the constant influx of new trends. The premium pricing associated with sustainable fashion is identified as a significant barrier to its adoption within this demographic. The study concludes by recommending that the fashion industry and policymakers enhance transparency, affordability, and authenticity in their practices. By positioning sustainability as a core brand value and addressing perceptions of greenwashing, the industry can foster more responsible consumption patterns among younger generations.

Correlation of internet addiction with medical students’ wellbeing: A cross-sectional study

ABSTRACT Background: Internet use is increasing day by day globally and in India, leading to increased problematic use of the Internet, particularly in the younger generation. Medical students are vulnerable to problematic Internet use or Internet addiction (IA) for various reasons. IA can have implications for the psychological well-being of medical students. Aim: To study the IA pattern and well-being among medical students. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 172 undergraduate medical students of Rural Medical College, PIMS, DU. The students were assessed through a semi-structured questionnaire consisting of sociodemographic details, information about Internet use, the Internet Addiction Test scale by Kimberly Young for assessing IA, and the Medical Student’s Well-being Index by Liselotte Dyrbye to assess medical student’s well-being. Results: Out of 172 students, 73 (42.44%) medical students had IA; of these, 58 (33.72%) had mild IA, 38 (22.09%) had moderate IA, and 3 (1.74%) had severe IA. IA was associated significantly with the age of the students (P = 0.000), male gender (P = 0.0001), and being from a joint family (P = 0.004). There was no significant correlation between IA and well-being among medical students. Conclusion: The study found a high proportion of medical students to be suffering from IA. However, impaired psychological well-being was not associated with IA. This finding stressed that the relationship between IA and psychological well-being is not so straightforward and needs further exploration as to whether overuse of the Internet in some particular inflexible manner is causing psychological impairment. This study can prove an important milestone for such further studies.

Drivers of Purchase Intentions of Generation Z on Eco-Products

Concerns about environmental protection and sustainable consumption increased among Generation Z, as a consequence of more perceived risks emerging in the context of climate change and depletion of natural resources. The aim of the present research was to identify the main factors that influence the intention to purchase eco-products among the young generation. Quantitative marketing research was carried out on a sample of 269 Gen Z. The research results proved that purchasing intention for eco-products is strongly influenced by the perceived quality of environmentally friendly products, consumer consciousness about eco-products, perceived value of green products, and consumer trust in ecological products. Lower influences were recorded in terms of perceived price and perceived availability of eco-products, with improved total effects when considering the mediating role of eco-trust. Consequently, the provision of eco-products could lead to image benefits for organizations.

Collective Forgetting of American Vaginal Breech Delivery.

When asked why nearly all doctors refer their breech cases to surgery, despite non-surgical breech birth being permitted throughout the United States, an obstetrician will likely cite the Term Breech Trial (TBT). This study, conducted in 2000, decisively concluded that planned cesarean delivery is safer than vaginal breech delivery. However, a review of the literature suggests that the decline of vaginal breech deliveries was a long time in the making. From the 1950s, once the perceived risks of breech births were accepted as a fact, numerous studies advocated more liberal use of cesarean delivery for breech babies and suggested strategies to limit vaginal breech births. By the late 1970s, as the majority of breech patients underwent surgery, a vicious cycle of collective forgetting began. Hospitals and medical training programs abandoned the non-surgical option, leaving younger generations of unskilled doctors reluctant to perform the complex procedure. As health organizations criticized the overuse of cesarean sections in the ensuing decades, obstetricians faced a growing dilemma in breech management, continuing to perform surgeries even while questioning their benefits. The 2000 study sanctioned this existing state of practice, which had been evolving over decades and in which collective forgetting played a crucial part.

Some Aspects of Patriotic Education of Future Teachers

The importance of patriotic education of future teachers in the education system of Kyrgyzstan is considered. For centuries, the love of the people for their homeland, the protection of their interests and unity, and respect for the heritage of their ancestors have formed the basis of patriotic feeling. In most post-Soviet countries, patriotism has become an important part of the political discourse in order to form a national and civic identity. The formation of the Kyrgyz nation - a single civic nation uniting representatives of various ethnic groups living in Kyrgyzstan, should be really strengthened in their consciousness through feelings of love for their country, pride in it, and patriotism. Formation of interest in love for the Kyrgyz land, knowledge of its ancient history is one of the main tasks of modern education. Patriotism is an essential structural and integral part of the national idea, culture and science. Fostering a sense of patriotism is very important for the future of Kyrgyzstan. Patriotic education of future teachers helps to convey national values to the younger generation. Education of patriotic youth is a living, responsible process.

Respect and politeness as ingredients of indigenous address terms: a phenomenological study of Tshivenḓa speakers from Mavhulani, Limpopo, South Africa

ABSTRACT This article assesses the importance of respect and politeness, as ingredients of indigenous address terms, in preserving Tshivenḓa as a language, culture, and tradition in Mavhulani. Tshivenḓa address terms are integral to both verbal and non-verbal communication, serving as key indicators of societal norms and practices. Failure to communicate appropriately when using these Tshivenḓa address terms may result in the loss of respect and dignity, misunderstandings, language shift, and ultimately, language death, which needs to be avoided. Most importantly, failure to respect a traditional leader in African societies, including among the Vhavenḓa, may result in one being punished and disadvantaged economically. In attempting to explore this phenomenon, this article adopts a qualitative approach to collect data. Accordingly, a case study research design was adopted. The theoretical framework used to underpin this article is the Afrocentricity theory. The study’s findings indicate that participants in Mavhulani perceive Tshivenḓa address terms as significant for maintaining respectful and dignified interactions. The preservation of these address terms is deemed essential for upholding interpersonal respect and dignity among interlocutors. It is recommended that these address terms be included in the school syllabus to make the young generation aware of them.

Intergenerational transmission or cultural loss? The continuity of ethnic identity among the Yao minority in China

PurposeThis study aims to examine the intergenerational transmission of ethnic culture among the Yao minority in China, focusing on how rapid societal changes and modernization impact cultural identity maintenance. The research seeks to understand the perspectives of different generations of Yao individuals regarding their traditional culture, external influences and ethnic identity. The study aims to identify factors that facilitate or hinder cultural transmission, assess the effectiveness of current cultural preservation efforts and uncover potential strategies for maintaining ethnic identity in a rapidly changing society. Additionally, the research investigates the role of traditional elements, such as ethnic clothing, in connecting younger generations to their cultural heritage.Design/methodology/approachThis study employed a qualitative approach using grounded theory methodology to explore the intergenerational transmission of Yao ethnic culture in China. In-depth, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 30 Yao individuals representing different generations. Participants were purposively selected from two Yao villages in southern China. Data collection also included researcher observations and memos. Interviews were conducted in Chinese, translated to English and analyzed using NVivo12 software. The analysis followed the grounded theory approach of open, axial and selective coding. Triangulation was achieved through discussions with participants' peers and family members. Ethical considerations included obtaining informed consent, ensuring participant anonymity and securing institutional review board approval.FindingsThe study revealed three distinct generational attitudes towards Yao culture: rejection among older generations, semi-openness in middle-aged groups and initiated closeness in younger generations. Despite government policies supporting population growth, ethnic identity is not effectively transmitted across generations. Economic disparities between Yao communities and external society significantly influence cultural preservation, with younger generations prioritizing economic opportunities over traditional practices. However, traditional Yao clothing emerged as a potential link between younger individuals and their cultural heritage, offering a promising avenue for cultural preservation. The research also highlighted the impact of education, technology and media on shaping attitudes towards traditional culture and external influences across different age groups.Originality/valueThis study provides insights into the cultural transmission within the Yao minority in China, a previously understudied ethnic group. It uniquely examines the interplay between economic development, government policies and intergenerational attitudes in shaping ethnic identity maintenance. The research reveals an unexpected potential for traditional clothing to serve as a bridge between younger generations and their cultural heritage, offering a fresh perspective on cultural preservation strategies. By identifying distinct generational attitudes towards cultural identity, this study contributes valuable knowledge to the fields of ethnic studies, cultural anthropology and social psychology, while also informing policymaking for minority cultural preservation in rapidly modernizing societies.

Engaging Students as Health Cadres in the Implementation of a Healthy Campus

Background: The younger generation has a very important role in determining the success of health development. Efforts to mobilize youth in public health development can be made in the form of participation as health cadres. Universities or campuses as student affairs have a strategic role in creating a healthy and superior young generation. To describe the implementation of student health cadre training as part of healthy campus activities at one of the private universities in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Methods: Student health cadre training is part of the healthy campus program which was implemented on October 28, 2021, in collaboration with the Public health office dan Public Health Center at Sleman Regency Yogyakarta. Training materials include healthy living skills education, the urgency of student health cadres, and smoke-free area ambassadors. 30 student representatives were invited to attend the training but participation was voluntary. The criteria for training participants are students who are active in student activities and taken purposively. Results: The student health cadre training was carried out as planned and 30 students participated from start to finish. Participants were enthusiastic during the training and at the end of the session it was agreed to create a WhatsApp group as a follow-up to the program. Based on the pre-test and post-test, there was an increase in student knowledge about healthy life skills education from a score 69,67 to 78,67 after training with P value < 0,05. In addition, training participants are committed to helping realize a healthy campus, such as admins on healthy campus social media. Conclusion: Student health cadre training is an important activity in the implementation of a healthy campus. This activity is a form of student involvement as a healthy campus course. Students who have attended the training are expected to be pioneers of peer educators for other students in terms of practicing a healthy lifestyle.

Tobacco Smoking in Early Adulthood and Labor Market Performance: The Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study.

Tobacco smoking has been associated with reduced success in the labor market, potentially due to its negative impact on labor productivity, especially in physically demanding jobs, as it affects physical fitness and performance adversely. This prospective study used data from the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study survey, linked to register information on labor market outcomes and education attainment, to examine the association between tobacco smoking and long-term labor market outcomes (earnings and employment, N = 1953). Smoking levels were determined by cigarette pack-years in 2001, as reported in the survey, whereas annual earnings and employment status were tracked from 2001 to 2019. A one-unit increase in pack-year of smoking was associated with a 1.8% decrease in earnings (95% confidence interval [CI]: -2.6% to -0.9%) and a 0.5% reduction in years employed (95% CI: -0.6% to -0.3%). This association was pronounced among participants with lower education levels. The earnings difference was evident among younger cohorts, whereas a negative correlation with employment was observed most strongly in older cohorts among individuals with lower education. Our findings suggest that smoking had a negative effect on earnings among the younger generation, particularly among the less well-educated. The finding of greater impacts on years of employment among the older age group, particularly among groups with low education levels, is consistent with the delayed onset of most health impacts, which may particularly affect productivity in physically demanding jobs that are more common among people with less education. Adverse consequences of smoking include reduced earnings and labor market participation, particularly among less well-educated groups. Tobacco control advocates should draw attention to these consequences in arguing for effective measures to reduce smoking initiation and increase cessation in order to achieve socially optimal outcomes.

Видный российский педагог И. Н. Жуков: «Любите Родину, боритесь за неё и будьте первыми в труде!»

The purpose of the study is to characterize the pedagogical activity of a prominent Russian teacher of the first half of the 20th century Innokenty Nikolaevich Zhukov (1875-1948) on the organization of the scout and pioneer movement in Russia. The study presents the circumstances of the emergence of scouting in Russia, and then the pioneer movement. Little-known facts of Zhukov's biography are established. The content of his organizational, literary and creative (in the field of sculpture) work is revealed. Innokenty Nikolaevich's contribution to each of these fields of activity is assessed. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the introduction into scientific circulation of little-known factual material relating to the initial period of development of scouting in Russia, and subsequently the pioneer organization. The results of the research are disclosure of little-known facts of Zhukov's biography, assessment of his pedagogical projects in the field of education of children and adolescents, analysis of his multifaceted organizational and practical educational activities. Zhukov is also shown as a writer and cultural figure who, through his work, contributed to solving the tasks of educating the younger generation that were relevant for his time. The text includes statements about him by famous contemporaries (O. Rodin, A. V. Lunacharsky, A.M. Gorky) and teachers (A. V. Vakhtin, E. Ya. Grobin, I. I. Zhukova-Plotnikova). The study is dedicated to the 150th anniversary of the birth of I. N. Zhukov.