Young Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Research Articles

Nonobese young females with PCOS are at high risk for long-term cardiovascular disease.

Whether polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an independent risk factor for long-term cardiovascular disease (CVD) is unclear, and the risk of CVD in easily overlooked young nonobese PCOS patients is unknown. This study aimed to investigate the associations of PCOS with CVD and identify the management priorities. 3864 participants (645 with PCOS) from UK Biobank were recruited from 2006-2010. The cumulative incidences of the CVD were calculated and compared between patients with and without PCOS via the log rank test. Cox proportional risk regression models were used to assess the relationships of PCOS with CVD and the impact of PCOS treatments on CVD risk. Polygenic risk scores and linkage disequilibrium score regression were used to assess the genetic-level associations. Then proteomics subgroup cohort was conducted to explore the significant biomarker involved in the PCOS-CVD associations. Compared with participants without PCOS, participants with PCOS had greater risks of CVD (hazard ratio (HR)=1.77, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.19-2.65), coronary artery disease (HR=2.27, 95% CI=1.35-3.81) and myocardial infarction (HR=2.08, 95% CI=1.11-3.90) independent of genetic risk, especially for young nonobese PCOS patients (Pfor interaction <0.05). Current commonly used treatments did not affect CVD incidence. Proteomics cohort revealed that discoidin, CUB and LCCL domain-containing protein 2 (DCBLD2) may be specific CVD biomarker for patients with PCOS. Patients with PCOS had an increased risk of CVD, and young nonobese PCOS patients should be prioritized for CVD risk management. These findings support the necessity of clinical surveillance and suggest DCBLD2 as a possible CVD biomarker in females with PCOS.

Comparison of Diagnosis Experiences of Adolescent and Young Adult Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Patients

Study objectiveThe manner in which an individual experiences a polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) diagnosis may affect prognosis and vary with age. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the diagnosis experiences of adolescent and young adult PCOS patients. MethodsPCOS patients from the same institution were divided into two groups according to age and clinic (adolescents diagnosed in the adolescent medicine clinic and young adults diagnosed in the obstetrics and gynecology clinic). Patients completed a questionnaire designed to assess the information and support received during diagnosis, their satisfaction with this information, existing concerns regarding PCOS symptoms, and support requirements. ResultsThirty-six patients were included in each group. Among the participants, 52.8% of the adolescents and 63.9% of the young adults reported that they had consulted more than one specialist before receiving a diagnosis. We found that 83.3% of adolescents and 63.9% of young adults were satisfied with their overall PCOS diagnosis experience. The highest ratio of information given in both groups was related to medical treatment (88.9% in both groups), and the lowest ratios were associated with emotional support (13.9% vs.5.6%). Irregular menstruation was reported to be the most disturbing concern in both groups (94.4% vs.86.1%), and the biggest difference between the two groups was related to body dissatisfaction, which was observed more in adolescents (33.3% vs 5.6%). ConclusionWhile overall diagnosis experiences and satisfaction levels were similar across both groups, we identified distinct differences that may warrant attention to address age-specific needs and preferences.

Significantly shortened telomere length and altered androgen receptor level in cumulus cells from women with polycystic ovary syndrome

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between hormone receptor levels and telomere length (TL) in infertile women with and without polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Materials and methodsThis prospective cohort study recruited a total of 431 cumulus oocyte complex (COC) from 88 infertile women between July 2012 and June 2014. The participants were divided into three groups: young age (<38 years, n = 42 and 227 COC), advanced age (≥38 years, n = 33 and 107 COC) and PCOS patients (n = 13 and 97 COC). Cumulus cells were collected from individual follicle during oocyte pick-up, and the mRNA levels of hormone receptors and TL were measured using real-time PCR. ResultsThe cumulus cells of PCOS patients demonstrated lower mRNA levels of LH receptor (75.57 ± 138.10 vs. 171.07 ± 317.68; p < 0.01) and androgen receptor (1.13 ± 1.52 vs. 4.08 ± 9.57; p < 0.01), as well as a shorter TL (2.39 ± 2.58 vs. 3.96 ± 4.72; p < 0.01) compared to those of the young age group. In the young age group, only androgen receptor mRNA level showed a significant association with TL (rho = 0.148, p = 0.026), while FSH receptor mRNA level was the only factor associated with TL (rho = 0.247, p = 0.015) in PCOS patients. For advanced-aged patients, no significant relationship was observed between hormone receptor mRNA levels and TL. Alternative splicing of androgen receptors was identified in some PCOS patients but not in young age controls. ConclusionThe findings suggest that the androgen receptor level and function may be altered in the cumulus cells of PCOS patients, leading to a shorter TL in cumulus cells in PCOS patients.

Effect of 12-week of aerobic exercise on hormones and lipid profile status in adolescent girls with polycystic ovary syndrome: A study during COVID-19.

COVID-19 as a viral disease has brought up the need to exercise more than before due to its physiological effects on health. Therefore, this study investigates the effect of 12-week of aerobic exercise on female students' hormone levels and lipid profile with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) during the COVID-19 pandemic. Using a 12-week quasi-experimental with pretest, posttest research design among 40 Iranian female students aged 18-14 with PCOS, we randomly allocated the participants to either an experimental (they performed aerobic exercises three 60-minute sessions per week at home using content production) or a control condition. Their anthropometric and blood samples (e.g., testosterone, estrogen, prolactin, and lipid profile) were taken in two stages before and after the training protocol. The results of analysis indicated that 12-week of aerobic exercise reduced testosterone (P=0.041), prolactin (P=0.001), estrogen (P=0.001), body mass (P=0.002), body mass index (P=0.002), cholesterol (P=0.005), triglyceride (P=0.001) and low-density lipoprotein (P=0.001), whilst increased high-density lipoprotein (P=0.002). Findings demonstrated that performing aerobic exercises is an effective and non-invasive method that could have a positive effect on young girls' PCOS during COVID-19 pandemic.

The Influences of Perinatal Androgenic Exposure on Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease of Offspring of PCOS.

Hyperandrogenism is an endocrine disorder affecting a large population of reproductive-aged women, thus proportionally high number of fetuses are subjected to prenatal androgenic exposure (PNA). The short-term stimulations at critical ontogenetic stages can wield lasting influences on the health. The most commonly diagnosed conditions in reproductive age women is polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). PNA may affect the growth and development of many systems in the whole body and disrupts the normal metabolic trajectory in the offspring of PCOS, contributing to the prevalence of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases (CVMD), including myocardial hypertrophy, hypertension, hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, obesity, and dyslipidemia, which are the leading causes of hospitalizations in young PCOS offspring. In this review, we focus on the effects of prenatal androgenic exposure on the cardiovascular and metabolic diseases in offspring, discuss the possible pathogenesis respectively, and summarize potential management strategies to improve metabolic health of PCOS offspring. It is expected that the incidence of CVMD and the medical burden will be reduced in the future.

AGE AND ANDROGENS IN POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME

Objective: Hyperandrogenemia is a feature of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). It was always linked to PCOS comorbidities and cardiovascular risk. Objective: analyze androgen levels across age groups in PCOS and controls. Design and method: age-matched PCOS and controls were recruited. PCOS diagnosis was made according to Rotterdam criteria. An age above 30 years was considered old reproductive age. Testosterone and estradiol were dertemined by cobas 6000-Roche. Androstenedione and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate were assessed using ELSA-DRG kits. Results: A total of 80 participants were included: 40 PCOS and 40 controls. No difference was noted in body mass index between PCOS patients vs controls and young PCOS patients vs old ones. All sex steroid hormone levels were increased in PCOS patients compared to controls. Negative correlations were observed between age and androgens in all participants. One-quarter of PCOS patients were at old reproductive age. Their androgens levels were significantly lower compared to younger PCOS patients. Conclusions: as women grow older hyperandrogenemia would be less pronounced. An age-specific androgen cut-off would be considered for the diagnosis of hyperandrogenemia and help in the assessment of cardiovascular risk.

Total cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein and inflammatory parameters in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome.

In this study, the hormone profile, lipid profile, and inflammatory parameters of patients with polycystic ovary syndrome were compared with those of non-polycystic ovary syndrome patients to determine predictive markers in young polycystic ovary syndrome patients who have not yet had children. Patients' age, height, weight, body mass index, waist circumference, degree of hirsutism, and ultrasound findings were recorded. Hormone profile, lipid levels, ratio of complete blood count parameters, monocyte/high-density lipoprotein ratio, and total cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein ratio were compared between groups. No statistically significant differences were found between groups in terms of age, weight, waist circumference, body mass index, and dysmenorrhea (p>0.05). A significant relationship was found between the height and the degree of hirsutism in the groups (p<0.05). It was found that prolactin, total testosterone, and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate levels were statistically significantly higher in the polycystic ovary syndrome group compared to the control group. The polycystic ovary syndrome group had hemoglobin, leukocytes, lymphocytes, neutrophils, platelets, and statistically higher ratios of total cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein, Low-density lipoprotein/high-density lipoprotein, and triglycerides/high-density lipoprotein. No statistically significant relationships were found between homeostatic model assessment insulin resistance, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and monocyte-to-high-density lipoprotein ratio between the groups (p<0.05). There was no significant difference in systemic immune inflammation index values between the groups. Polycystic ovary syndrome patients are at risk for short- and long-term complications, and the use of the total cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein, Low-density lipoprotein/high-density lipoprotein, and triglycerides/high-density lipoprotein ratios in clinical practice during the follow-up of these patients may allow easy follow-up for patients. The health status of polycystic ovary syndrome patients can be objectively determined by tracking these outcomes at regular intervals.

Age, Body Mass Index, and Waist-to-Hip Ratio Related Changes in Insulin Secretion and Insulin Sensitivity in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Minimal Model Analyses.

Insulin resistance is believed to be an integral component of the polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Beta (ß) cell dysfunction is also found in PCOS. In the study, we determined the influence of age, body mass index (BMI), and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) on insulin response to oral glucose load (OGTT) and on insulin sensitivity (Si) and ß-cell function in young women with PCOS. One hundred fourteen patients with PCOS and 41 controls with normal basal plasma glucose were studied. A 75-g OGTT was performed to determine glucose tolerance and insulin response. Insulin sensitivity and ß-cell function were studied using a modified frequently sampled IV glucose tolerance test (FISGTT) to determine the acute insulin response (AIRG), as well as Si by minimal model analysis. Si was decreased in PCOS women (2.49 0.18 vs. 3.41 ± 0.36, p < 0.05), but no difference in AIRG existed between the PCOS and control group (75.1 ± 4.6 vs. 63.4 ± 4.6, p < 0.05). BMI and WHR correlated negatively with Si (r = −0.43; r = −0.289, p < 0.001, respectively), but not with AIRG (r = 0.116; r = −0.02, p > 0.05, respectively). Increasing age correlated negatively with AIRG (r = −0.285, p < 0.001). There was a significant interaction between disease (PCOS), BMI, and WHR on Si as well as between age and PCOS on AIRG. Thus, patients below the age of 25 with PCOS showed enhanced AIRG (89.5 ± 7.1 vs. 65.1 ± 6.7, p < 0.05) and decreased Si (2.43 ± 0.25 vs. 4.52 ± 0.62, p < 0.05) compared to age-matched controls. In conclusion, these data suggest that not all patients with PCOS have basal and stimulated hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, and impaired glucose tolerance. Based on these data in young PCOS subjects, the development of insulin resistance and T2DM may be prevented with appropriate treatment strategies.

Abstract 9485: Hypertension Risk Differs by Ethnicity in Young Asian Women Independent of Cardiometabolic Conditions

Introduction: Prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and diabetes (DM), two cardiometabolic conditions (CMCs), vary by ethnicity in Asian women. Hypertension (HTN) also varies by ethnicity, but this has not been well studied in young Asian women with CMCs. We examined whether HTN diagnosis (Dx) in Asians varies by ethnicity, independent of body mass index (BMI), PCOS and DM. Methods: We used electronic health record data from a large US health plan to examine prevalence of HTN (≥2 Dx) in a cohort of 19,258 Chinese, 23,213 Filipina, and 19,108 South Asian women aged 21-44 years for whom BMI, PCOS (≥2 Dx) and DM (≥2 Dx + DM treatment) were ascertained. The associations of ethnicity and CMCs with HTN were examined using multivariable logistic regression. Results: Prevalence of HTN was 2% among Chinese and South Asian and 8% among Filipina women. Across all ethnic groups, compared to women with no CMCs, HTN prevalence was highest among those with DM and somewhat higher among those with PCOS and obesity. For all CMCs, Filipinas had the highest HTN prevalence (Figure). Adjusting for age, smoking, BMI, CMCs, and ethnicity, the odds of HTN were higher for Filipinas (2.6; CI 2.3-2.9) and slightly lower for South Asians (0.9; CI 0.7-0.98) compared to Chinese women; DM was associated with 4.7-fold higher odds (CI 4.1-5.3) and PCOS 1.4-fold higher odds (CI 1.1-1.8) of HTN. Conclusion: In young Asian women, DM, PCOS and obesity are associated with greater HTN burden. Compared to Chinese women, Filipinas have higher odds and South Asian women lower odds of HTN independent of BMI, PCOS, and DM. These data suggest a need for heightened BP surveillance in young Filipina women and Asian women with obesity or CMCs.

Assessment of the effect of endocrine abnormalities on biomacromolecules and lipids by FT-IR and biochemical assays as biomarker of metabolites in early Polycystic ovary syndrome women

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrinopathy associated with metabolic disturbances. Both in the development and improvement of the disease, the structure of phospholipids and proteins in the blood serum plays important role in the treatment of these disease. Herein, to investigate the metabolic process and the variations of biomacromolecules and lipids between young PCOS women and healthy subjects, biochemistry and Fourier Transform InfraRed spectroscopy (FTIR) methods, were used. Moreover, partial least squares regression (PLS) and Principal component analysis (PCA) to research differentiation of biomacromolecules, were performed. We obtained blood serum of of 100 individuals including 57 with PCOS and 43 healthy controls. The biochemical blood profile of PCOS women was presented by spectroscopic measurements, which is an analytical technique, as well as by laboratory indexes and oxidative stress status measurements. There was a significant structural differentiation between studied groups in the number of functional groups and biomolecules differentiation depending on the protein expression and oxidative stress status. Hence, FTIR spectroscopy and oxidative load can be effectively utilized as tools for classifying quantitative and qualitative changes of biomolecules in PCOS samples. PCOS samples did not correlate with luteinizing hormone (LH) level and proteins but had a negative correlation between carbohydrates and fatty acids, compared with control group.

Effect of aging on clinical features and metabolic complications of women with polycystic ovary syndrome

PurposeTo assess the distribution of clinical features and metabolic abnormalities of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) women according to their age.MethodsRetrospective study on 602 women (mean age 23.9 ± 6.2 years), diagnosed according to International PCOS Network Guidelines criteria as having PCOS in a University-based Hospital. Anthropometric features, hormonal and metabolic parameters were measured and compared between the different age groups (group A ≤ 20 years; group B 21–30 years; group C > 30 years).ResultsPatients in group A were more often hyperandrogenic, while in group C hypertension, dyslipidemia, obesity, impaired fasting glucose, and insulin resistance (IR) were more prevalent. After adjusting for BMI, age correlated positively with sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), IR, total- and LDL-cholesterol, and negatively with DHEAS, insulin, and free androgen index (FAI). SHBG was significantly associated with IR and atherogenic dyslipidemia, while FAI levels were linked to hypertension, independently of other factors considered. Furthermore, the regression analysis showed a stronger relationship between BMI and metabolic outcomes, regardless of age.ConclusionPolycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) phenotype changes with age. Clinical and biochemical hyperandrogenism are a major concern in young PCOS women, while metabolic burden tends to increase with aging. Some of the cardiovascular risk factors are dependent on FAI and SHBG levels, whereas BMI confirms its key role in the genesis of most of the metabolic sequelae in PCOS, independently of age.

English

BACKGROUND Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the main causes for infertility. Many studies show that PCOS is associated with production of some inflammatory factors like CRP and IL - 18, which has a prognostic significance in analysing the risk of future cardiovascular diseases (CVD). American heart association (AHA) has put forward C - reactive protein (CRP) as a clinically useful marker for risk of cardiovascular diseases. Previous studies show an increased incidence of high levels of CRP in PCOS patients as compared to controls. If such an association is proved in our population, CRP can be used as an ideal marker to screen apparently normal young PCOS women for CVD. So we wanted to assess the CRP levels in PCOS through this study. METHODS This was a cross sectional study conducted in the outpatient departments of Infertility and Gynaecology in a tertiary care hospital of South India, from 2018 to 2019. It was conducted among women of age 25 - 35 years who were diagnosed to have PCOS according to Rotterdam’s criteria, satisfying inclusion criteria. Women of age 25 - 35 years without PCOS were taken as comparison group. The study was conducted in 50 PCOS women and 50 women without PCOS were taken as comparison group. Data was obtained with the help of appropriate questionnaire and laboratory investigations. CRP level was assessed by Immunoturbidimetric method. RESULTS CRP was found to be significantly elevated (P &lt; 0.01) in PCOS (1.87 ± 2.16) when compared to women without PCOS (0.16 ± 0.4). CONCLUSIONS CRP levels were significantly higher in PCOS women as compared to women without PCOS. Thus CRP can be used as tool to assess inflammatory state in PCOS. KEYWORDS Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, C Reactive Protein, Inflammation

Evaluation of Body Fat Composition and Digit Ratio (2D:4D) in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Adolescents.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder. It is a multi-factorial disease, of which excess androgen and android fat pattern is previously reported. The digit ratio (2D:4D) is the ratio of length of index finger to the length of ring finger which epitomize the prenatal gonadal hormone exposure. So, the present study aimed to evaluate body fat composition and digit ratio among young adolescent PCOS patients and normal individuals. It was an analytical cross-sectional study. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 48 subjects (24 in each group), that is, control and PCOS group were identified and baseline characteristics were recorded. Body fat composition was evaluated using body fat analyzer and digit ratio (2D:4D) was measured using the digital Vernier calipers. Student’s t-test was used to assess differences between means. In the present study, BMI was significantly increased among the PCOS group compared to the normal (p=0.03). The 2D:4D digit ratio was significantly lower (p=0.001) among the PCOS group. Body fat (p=0.05) and visceral fat (p=0.01) were significantly higher among the PCOS group. There was negative correlation between BMI, body fat, visceral fat and digit ratio, but was not statistically significant while body fat, visceral fat and BMI showed significant positive correlation. The present study indicates that the 2D:4D digit ratio is decreased, while BMI, body fat and visceral fat are significantly increased among the PCOS group. Digit ratio and body fat can be used to evaluate the high risk PCOS adolescents and plan early interventions.

Serum pregnancy-associated placental protein-a (PAPP-A) levels are increased in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in women with oligo-anovulation

Background/Aim: Pregnancy associated placental protein-A (PAPP-A) is a zinc-binding metalloproteinase with a key role in insulin like growth factor (IGF) pathway, and potential atherogenic effects. There is little information in the literature regarding PAPP-A levels in Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). We aimed to investigate the serum PAPP-A levels among non-obese women with PCOS as a cardiovascular risk marker. Methods: Non-obese women of reproductive age (18-35 years of age) diagnosed with PCOS according to Rotterdam Consensus Conference criteria were included in this case-control study. Serum PAPP-A levels were compared with independent samples t-test between two main groups (PCOS and control) and investigated in PCOS subgroups as PCOS patients were further classified according to main phenotypes (hyperandrogenism and oligo-anovulation). Results: A total of 41 women with PCOS and 40 age- and body mass index- matched controls were included in the analysis. The serum PAPP-A levels of the control and PCOS groups, and of PCOS patients with hyperandrogenism were similar (P=0.128, P=0.261, respectively). However, the serum PAPP-A levels of those with oligo-anovulation was higher than those without (P=0.006), and that of women without oligo-anovulation was comparable to that of the control group (P=0.613). Conclusion: Lean and young PCOS women with oligo-anovulation had increased serum levels of PAPP-A when compared to women without. Prospective studies are needed to uncover the long-term cardiovascular risk of elevated PAPP-A levels in PCOS women with oligo-anovulation.

Changes in Metabolic Profile in the Women with a History of PCOS-A Long-Term Follow-Up Study.

Data concerning metabolic consequences in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are delivered mainly by cross-sectional studies. In this research, we re-examined 31 Caucasian PCOS women after a median period of 120.9 months to evaluate the changes in metabolic syndrome components. Clinical examination, oral glucose tolerance test with estimations of glucose and insulin, lipids, sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) and sex hormones assessments were performed on two occasions. Additionally, the euglycaemic hyperinsulinaemic clamp technique was used at the baseline to assess insulin sensitivity (M-clamp value). In the end, the median age of participants was 35. We observed an increase in glucose concentrations, a decrease in insulin concentrations and no changes in insulin resistance markers. Final mean glucose, mean insulin, Matsuda index and body mass index (BMI) were correlated with baseline M-clamp value and SHBG (p < 0.01). During the follow-up, no one in the sample developed diabetes. The annualised incidence rate for conversion from normoglycaemia to prediabetes totalled 4.5%. Baseline BMI, free androgen index, fasting glucose and M-clamp value were identified as prediabetes predictors in young PCOS women (respectively, OR = 1.17, OR = 1.42, OR = 1.2, OR = 0.73, p < 0.05). Prediabetes appeared in 76.47% of the women with a final BMI of ≥ 25 kg/m2 and in 7.14% of the normal-weight women (p = 0.0001). In conclusion, we report a high rate of adverse change in glucose metabolism in overweight and obese participants, a deterioration in β-cell function and strong correlations between metabolic parameters assessed in the third and the fourth decade in PCOS women, emphasising the role of early intervention to prevent cardiometabolic diseases.

Fibroscan as a non-invasive predictor of hepatic steatosis in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Background & objectives:There is limited data on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) among Indian women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and there are no data on the utility of fibroscan in its assessment. The objective of this study was thus to investigate the frequency of hepatic steatosis in young women with PCOS and evaluate the utility of transient elastography (TE) in its assessment.Methods:Seventy women diagnosed with PCOS and 60 apparently healthy women (controls) were enrolled in this pilot study. These women were evaluated for clinical, biochemical and hormonal parameters, transabdominal ultrasonography, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and fibroscan assessing liver stiffness measure (LSM) and controlled attenuation parameter (CAP). Other indices such as liver fat score (LFS), lipid accumulation product (LAP), fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) and aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index, hepatic steatosis index (HIS) scores were also calculated. The main outcome measures were the presence of NAFLD in women with PCOS and its correlation with CAP and LSM on TE.Results:Women with PCOS had higher frequency (38.57 vs. 6.67%) of hepatic steatosis than control women as determined by abdominal sonography. The aminotransferases were higher in PCOS group (14.28 vs. 1.7%, P=0.03) even after adjusting for body mass index implying higher non-alcoholic steatohepatitis among young PCOS patients. PCOS women had significantly higher CAP on TE compared to controls (210 vs. 196). CAP had a significant correlation with LFS, LAP and HIS.Interpretation & conclusions:NAFLD is common in young women with PCOS, and fibroscan using TE may be considered as a promising non-invasive diagnostic modality in its early detection.

49. Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Young Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Women

49. Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Young Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Women

Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health of 74 Children From Women Previously Diagnosed With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Comparison With a Population-Based Reference Cohort.

Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have compromised cardiovascular health profiles and an increased risk of pregnancy complications. In order to evaluate potential consequences, we aim to compare the cardiovascular and metabolic health of the children from women with PCOS with a population-based reference cohort. We included children from women with PCOS between the age of 2.5 to 4 years (n = 42) and 6 to 8 years (n = 32). The reference groups consisted of 168 (3-4 years old) and 130 children (7-8 years old). In an extensive cardiovascular screening program, we measured anthropometrics and blood pressure (all children), heart function and vascular rigidity (young children), metabolic laboratory assessment and carotid intima thickness (old age-group). Results showed that young PCOS offspring have a significantly lower diastolic blood pressure (β = 2.3 [95% confidence interval, CI: 0.5-4.0]) and higher aortic pulse pressure (β = -1.4 [95% CI: -2.5 to -0.2]), compared to the reference population. Furthermore, a higher left ventricle internal diameter but a lower tissue Doppler imaging of the right wall in systole compared to the reference group was found. Older offspring of women with PCOS presented with a significantly lower breast and abdominal circumference, but higher triglycerides (β = -0.1 [95% CI: -0.2 to -0.1]), LDL-cholesterol (β = -0.4 [95% CI: -0.6 to -0.1]), and higher carotid intima-media thickness (β = -31.7 [95% CI: -46.6 to -16.9]) compared to the reference group. In conclusion, we observe subtle but distinct cardiovascular and metabolic abnormalities already at an early age in PCOS offspring compared to a population-based reference group, despite a lower diastolic blood pressure, breast, and abdominal circumference. These preliminary findings require confirmation in independent data sets.

Abstract P167: Aging Exacerbates Increased MAP and Proteinuria in Male Rat Offspring of Hyperandrogenemic Mothers

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder affecting 6-10 % of women, and is associated with hyperandrogenemia, oligo/anovulation and polycystic ovaries. Many women with PCOS have difficulty getting pregnant and, when they do, the infants are predisposed to preterm birth, metabolic disorders during childhood, and potential risk for the daughters to develop PCOS. The mechanisms by which the offspring of women with PCOS develop negative health outcomes are unknown. Our lab has already characterized the phenotype of young PCOS offspring showing an increased MAP and proteinuria in the males. In this study we tested the hypothesis that aging will exacerbate the negative health outcomes observed in the offspring of PCOS dams. Twelve months old female (F) and male (M) offspring of control (C) and PCOS (P) dams (SD; DHT 7.5mg/90d) were divided into 4 groups: F-C, F-P, M-C and M-P. At 12 months old, there is a significant decrease in body weight in F-P and M-P, compared to F-C and M-C, respectively (F-P: 284±4 vs. F-C: 301±5; M-P: 533±8 vs. M-C: 575±8 mg/24h, p&lt;0.001) and the body weight remains lower until 18 months of age. Body composition analysis showed that there is a decrease in lean mass in F-P and M-P, compared to F-C and M-C, respectively (F-P: 284±4 vs. F-C: 301±5; M-P: 533±8 vs. M-C: 575±8 mg/24h, p&lt;0.01). Proteinuria at 12 months, is higher in F-P and M-P, compared to F-C and M-C, respectively (F-P: 18±2 vs. F-C: 9±1; M-P: 169±8 vs. M-C: 108±6 mg/24h, p&lt;0.001). This increased proteinuria is still observed at 15 months (F-P: 33±5 vs. F-C: 5±1; M-P: 143±7 vs. M-C: 103±4 mg/24h, p&lt;0.001). Baseline mean arterial pressure (MAP, telemetry, 17 months old) was similar F-P vs. F-C (F-C: 109±2 mmHg vs. F-P: 107±1 mmHg; p=NS). However, in males, MAP was significantly higher in M-P than M-C (M-C: 114±1 mmHg vs. M-P: 127±1 mmHg; p&lt;0.05). These results showed that aging exacerbates the increased MAP and proteinuria in males. Female offspring do not develop a PCOS phenotype with aging. Future studies will be necessary to determine the exact mechanisms responsible for the increase in blood pressure and renal injury.

Complementary effect of Vitamin D supplementation and lifestyle modification on anthropometric and metabolic parameters in young polycystic ovary syndrome women with Vitamin D deficiency: a 3-month prospective interventional study

Complementary effect of Vitamin D supplementation and lifestyle modification on anthropometric and metabolic parameters in young polycystic ovary syndrome women with Vitamin D deficiency: a 3-month prospective interventional study