Young Person's Life Research Articles

Explaining the Family-Centred Care of Young People With Depressive Disorders and Suicidal Ideations: A Grounded Theory Study.

This study aimed to develop a theory to guide family members caring for young people with depressive disorders and suicidal ideations. Strauss and Corbin's Grounded Theory. Theoretical sampling was used to recruit primary family caregivers (aged 22-60) of young people experiencing depressive disorders and suicidal ideations from hospitals and psychiatric clinics in Taiwan. Data were collected using interviews (n = 23) in 2023. Data were analysed using Corbin & Strauss' analytical framework, including open, axial and selective coding until theoretical saturation was reached. A paradigm model was used to link the 13 categories and develop a substantive theory to help guide family members in the care of their young persons with depressive disorders and suicidal ideations. The core category that emerged was 'Struggling to contain the young person's life by adjusting, assisting, and protecting them from diving into depression'. Other key categories interconnected with this core category were-creating a nurturing environment, adjusting to changes, protecting the young person's safety and assisting with their medical treatment. Family caregivers could use this theory as a guide to enhance the care of young persons experiencing depressive disorders and suicidal ideations and accompany them alongside the healing process. Nursing professionals could provide psychoeducation to family caregivers on how to hold the young person gently and acquire compassion for the young persons' lived experience, thoughts and emotions, by creating a nurturing environment, adjusting to changes, protecting their safety and assisting with their medical treatment. This theory provides valuable guidance for future intervention research aimed at improving family caregivers' ability to care for young persons with depressive disorders and suicidal ideations. The COREQ guidelines were utilised. No patient or public contribution.

Дисфункции проектирования молодёжной политики в российских университетах (на примере участников программы «Приоритет 2030»)

The article analyzes the models of youth policy presented in the development programs of universities participating in the Priority 2030 Federal Project. The author considers the University as the most important institution for the socialization of Russian youth, especially in a situation of geopolitical instability. This stage of a young person's life is defined as a time of social experimentation, selfdiscovery, and the acquisition of important personal qualities and values that contribute to the expansion of solidarity in Russian society. In this regard, the systemic youth policy of the university is becoming a key factor in the social integration of the younger generation. Based on the structural analysis of the program texts, the article draws conclusions about the existence of a number of dysfunctional patterns that significantly reduce the effectiveness of university youth policy. The most significant of them are the insufficient level of goal setting, the lack of measurable performance criteria, descriptive nature, weak correlation with national objectives and priorities. The article concludes that it is necessary to change the university's youth policy and adapt it to the peculiarities of the geopolitical situation in which Russia finds itself.

Transition to Adulthood through Coaching and Empowerment in Rheumatology (TRACER): A feasibility study protocol.

The transition from pediatric to adult care for patients with chronic disease is a vulnerable period, with risks of disengagement from care and subsequent complications of inadequately managed disease. This period comes at a time when there are many other transitions occurring in the young person's life, including changes to vocation, social supports, and to their physiology. The aim of the TRACER study is to assess the feasibility of conducting a multi-center, randomized-controlled trial of a virtual Transition Coach Intervention in youth transferring from pediatric to adult rheumatology care. Patients are being recruited at their last pediatric rheumatology visit from McMaster Children's Hospital and Children's Hospital, London Health Sciences Centre in Ontario, Canada. Participants are then randomized to standard of care or to eight transition coaching sessions, covering topics around health management, future planning, and self-advocacy. The primary outcomes of the study are to demonstrate protocol feasibility, including optimal recruitment and consent rates, ≥ 90% coaching session completion, and complete data collection with ≤ 5% missing data. Baseline demographics, transition readiness, global functional assessment, disease activity, and self-efficacy will be collected to characterize the study population. Recruitment has begun and is estimated to last 19 months. This study will inform the design of a robust, multi-centered, randomized-controlled study to investigate the impact of a virtual transition coaching program in supporting the physical, mental, and social well-being of youth with rheumatic disease transitioning into adult care. Clinical trial registration: ClinicalTrials.Gov protocol ID: 14499.

A New Pandemic of the XXIst Century: The Growing Crisis of Adolescent Depression in the Digital Age.

In a reality dominated by social media and affected by the recent COVID-19 pandemic, the mental health of people in various age groups has undoubtedly suffered, especially among young people. Statistics confirm that adolescent depression is a significant health problem and is the most common cause of disability in this age group. Research shows the multifactorial basis of this disease entity, placing particular emphasis on the genetic, environmental, and biological background. A family history of depression can increase the risk of developing depression by 4-fold. A teenager, being part of many systems, such as family, school community, and social media co-user, is exposed to many stressors. Maturing youth have a very demanding educational plan to implement, and depression causes a decline in cognitive functions, which are so important in acquiring knowledge. Among many patients, an additional risk is self-harm and suicide, which are part of the clinical picture of depressive disorders. Suicide accounts for about one-third of mortality among youth. We draw attention to the need to increase educational and psychoeducational impacts on adolescent depression, as it is a huge health problem that has an impact on all areas of a young person's life. The trend of depression among adolescents is constantly increasing. The aim of this article is to review the global causes and consequences of the growing number of cases of depression, self-harm, and suicide among children and adolescents, as well as contemporary approaches to management.

Tackling Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer in Young Adults: From Risk Factors and Genetic Susceptibility to Lung Cancer Profile and Outcomes.

Lung cancer has traditionally been associated with advanced age; however, its increasing incidence among young adults raises concerning questions regarding its etiology and unique considerations for this population. In contrast to the older population, the onset of lung cancer at younger age may be attributed to a complex interplay of incompletely understood individual susceptibility and prevalent environmental risk factors beyond tobacco smoke exposure, such as radon gas and air pollution, which are widespread globally. Consequently, this leads to distinct clinical and molecular profiles, requiring a tailored approach. Furthermore, a diagnosis of cancer represents a threatening event during the prime years of a young person's life, prompting concern about career development, social aspects, fertility aspirations, and physical independence. This poses significant additional challenges for health care professionals in a field that remains underexplored. This comprehensive review recognizes lung cancer in young adults as a distinct entity, exploring its clinical and molecular characteristics, diverse predisposing factors, and priorities in terms of quality of life, with the aim of providing practical support to oncologists and enhancing our understanding of this under-researched population.

Local and long-distance migration among young people in rural Malawi: importance of age, sex and family.

In sub-Saharan Africa, migration of young people is common and occurs for a variety of reasons. Research focus is often on international or long-distance internal migration; however, shorter moves also affect people's lives and can reveal important information about cultures and societies. In rural sub-Saharan Africa, migration may be influenced by cultural norms and family considerations: these may be changing due to demographic shifts, urbanisation, and increased media access. We used longitudinal data from a Health and Demographic Surveillance Site in rural northern Malawi to present a detailed investigation of migration in young people between 2004-2017. Our focus is on the cultural effects of gender and family, and separate migrations into short and long distance, and independent and accompanied, as these different move types are likely to represent very different events in a young person's life. We use descriptive analyses multi-level multinomial logistic regression modelling. We found two key periods of mobility 1) in very young childhood and 2) in adolescence/young adulthood. In this traditionally patrilocal area, we found that young women move longer distances to live with their spouse, and also were more likely to return home after a marriage ends, rather than remain living independently. Young people living close to relatives tend to have lower chances of moving, and despite the local patrilineal customs, we found evidence of the importance of the maternal family. Female and male children may be treated differently from as young as age 4, with girls more likely to migrate long distances independently, and more likely to accompany their mothers in other moves.

Assessing the mindfulness predictors of mental health: does mindfulness practise or dispositional mindfulness better protect young peoples’ mental health?

ABSTRACT Background University is an important time in a young person's life. Although it is a time of exploration, self-discovery and socialising, it is also a time of increased vulnerability to mental health problems such as anxiety and depression. Studies have shown that engagement in mindfulness activities can have a positive effect on mental health. However, research is limited in its scope in particular in relation to stressful (transitional) periods of life. Methods The current study aims to address this issue by providing evidence on the predictive impact of both mindfulness practice and ‘dispositional' (or trait) mindfulness on students’ mental health. In total, we gathered data from 190 first-year students. Results A multiple regression was utilised for data analysis. This showed that ‘dispositional’ mindfulness, but not mindful activity had a significant impact on mental health scores. Conclusion This provides data for future research into the effectiveness of mindfulness interventions for student adaptation to university and potential interventions.

Implementation of an Electronic Mental Health Platform for Youth and Young Adults in a School Context Across Alberta, Canada: Thematic Analysis of the Perspectives of Stakeholders.

Youth, aged 15 to 24 years, are more likely to experience mental health (MH) or substance use issues than other age groups. This is a critical period for intervention because MH disorders, if left unattended, may become chronic and serious and negatively affect many aspects of a young person's life. Even among those who are treated, poor outcomes will still occur for a percentage of youth. Electronic MH (eMH) tools have been implemented in traditional MH settings to reach youth requiring assistance with MH and substance use issues. However, the utility of eMH tools in school settings has yet to be investigated. The objective of this study was to gain an understanding of the perspectives of key school staff stakeholders regarding barriers and facilitators to the implementation of the Innowell eMH platform in secondary schools across the province of Alberta, Canada. Guided by a qualitative descriptive approach, focus groups were conducted to elicit stakeholder perspectives on the perceived implementation challenges and opportunities of embedding the Innowell eMH platform in secondary school MH services. In total, 8 focus groups were conducted with 52 key school staff stakeholders. Themes related to barriers and facilitators to youth and school MH care professional (MHCP) capacity in implementing and using eMH tools were identified. With respect to youth capacity barriers, the following themes were inductively generated: (1) concerns about some students not being suitable for eMH services, (2) minors requiring consent from parents or caregivers to use eMH services as well as confidentiality and privacy concerns, and (3) limited access to technology and internet service among youth. A second theme related to school MHCP barriers to implementation, which included (1) feeling stretched with high caseloads and change fatigue, (2) concerns with risk and liability, and (3) unmasking MH issues in the face of limited resources. In contrast to the barriers to youth and MHCP capacity, many facilitators to implementation were discussed. Youth capacity facilitators included (1) the potential for youth to be empowered using eMH tools, (2) the platform fostering therapeutic relationships with school personnel, and (3) enhancing access to needed services and resources. MHCP capacity facilitators to implementation were (1) system transformation through flexibility and problem-solving, (2) opportunities for collaboration with youth and MHCPs and across different systems, and (3) an opportunity for the continuity of services. Our findings highlight nuanced school MHCP perspectives that demonstrate critical youth and MHCP capacity concerns, with consideration for organizational factors that may impede or enhance the implementation processes for embedding eMH in a school context. The barriers and facilitators to implementation provide future researchers and decision makers with challenges and opportunities that could be addressed in the preimplementation phase.

Konsep Ta’dib Menurut Naquib Al-Attas dalam Pendidikan Islam

The message is that technological developments in the 21st century also create a new order of life for modern humans. Technological developments and globalization can directly or indirectly influence the moral development of teenagers in the millennial era. The purpose of this writing is to find out the personality challenges of teenagers in the era of social media. This article uses a literature study method, by collecting sources of information that are appropriate to the focus being discussed, then the information is arranged in the form of a description. The use of social media also influences the behavior and well-being of teenagers, as well as improving or strengthening each person's reputation and trust. In addition, social media can be used for effective information dissemination and developing social skills, but negative impacts tend to occur, such as the spread of false or dangerous information. , which can threaten the order of a young person's personal life. From this impact, it is important for families, communities and stakeholders to understand how to use social media well and integrate teenagers' use of social media.

Tantangan Kepribadian Remaja di Era Media Sosial

The message is that technological developments in the 21st century also create a new order of life for modern humans. Technological developments and globalization can directly or indirectly influence the moral development of teenagers in the millennial era. The purpose of this writing is to find out the personality challenges of teenagers in the era of social media. This article uses a literature study method, by collecting sources of information that are appropriate to the focus being discussed, then the information is arranged in the form of a description. The use of social media also influences the behavior and well-being of teenagers, as well as improving or strengthening each person's reputation and trust. In addition, social media can be used for effective information dissemination and developing social skills, but negative impacts tend to occur, such as the spread of false or dangerous information. , which can threaten the order of a young person's personal life. From this impact, it is important for families, communities and stakeholders to understand how to use social media well and integrate teenagers' use of social media.

Time to Shine: The child that is fully seen, heard, and supported

Children and young people would like school nurses to be visible, accessible and confidential. In a time of cuts and high waiting lists, especially in CAMHS services, school nurses can offer valuable evidence-based support. However, when reports suggest that school nurses spend too much time on bureaucratic child protection duties and paperwork and with depleted school nurse numbers nationally, how can this gap be bridged? In this article, Rachel Livsey shares a new way of working where school nurses conduct a holistic health needs assessment, which considers all aspects of a child or young person's life has been suggested and created by the author. This work has been done in conjunction with a new robust safeguarding policy to allows school nurses to immerse themselves in the public health aspect of their work while participating in safeguarding duties in a proportionate and appropriate manner, with the aim of truly making every contact matter.

Excessive smartphone use and its correlations with social anxiety and quality of life among medical students in a public university in Malaysia: A cross-sectional study.

Smartphone usage has significantly increased in the last decade among young adults has significantly increased in the last decade. While its benefits are undeniable, its negative implications are increasingly emerging. Studies are needed to investigate the effects of excessive smartphone use on a young person's life. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of excessive smartphone use among medical students and its relations with social anxiety, self-esteem, and quality of life. A cross-sectional study was conducted among medical students from Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) in UKM Medical Center. A total of 273 students have consented to participate and completed self-reported questionnaires encompassing sociodemographic information, the Short Version Smartphone Addiction Scale (SAS-SV), the Social Interaction Anxiety Scale (SIAS), the World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF) and the Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale (RSES). Sociodemographic data, SIAS score, WHOQOL-BREF score and the Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale score were treated as independent variables. Smartphone addiction Scale score was treated as the dependent variable. Bivariate analysis was used to explore the relationship between independent and dependent variables using the Fisher exact test, Pearson Chi-Square and Pearson correlation coefficient. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to analyze the variables with a p-value of < 0.05 from the Pearson correlation coefficient test. The percentage of excessive smarphone use among UKM medical students is 48%. The bivariate analysis showed that excessive smartphone use has a small but significant positive correlation with social anxiety (r = 0.173, p = 0.004) and negative correlations with physical health (r = -0.133, p = 0.028), psychological wellbeing (r =-0.135, p = 0.026), social relationships (r = -0.232, p = 0.001), environment (r = -0.260, p = 0.001) and self-esteem (r = -0.128, p = 0.035). In the multiple regression analysis, a better environment predicted a reduced risk for smartphone addiction (β = -0.233, p = 0.013). Almost half of the students were found to have smartphone overdependence. Excessive smartphone use has shown a significant relationship with an increased risk for social anxiety, reduction in self-esteem, and quality of life among medical students. A closer look into the possible intervention is needed in the future to curb the negative effects arising from excessive smartphone use.

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia in School-Aged Children and Adolescents.

One of the most prevalent sleep disorders in children and adolescents is "insomnia," which can be briefly described as problems with initiating and/or maintaining sleep with associated daytime consequences. These are typical insomnia symptoms, and when experienced for long enough and when they interfere with an important area of the young person's life (eg, schooling), then a diagnosis of an insomnia disorder may be warranted. The authors strongly urge the scientific community to conduct further controlled trials, including dismantling trials that evaluate the relative effectiveness of individual cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia components.

The Impact of Distance Learning in Public Schools from the Point of View of School Principals in the Southern Mazar District of the Karak Governorate

Technology has become besieged us in all directions and aspects. We find it in agriculture, industry, construction, trade and others; Therefore, it is not surprising that we see it in education, and how not, and it is the origin of all things. Education is a central part of every young person's life journey. Whether it is education from kindergarten to the end of secondary education or academic education, formal education is there to ensure that new generations are prepared for the world of tomorrow. The current study aimed to identify the impact of distance education in public schools from the point of view of school principals in the Southern Mazar District of the Karak Governorate, where the researcher used the descriptive analytical approach, and the study's questionnaire was applied to (70) principals in the Southern Mazar district randomly. The five-point Likert scale was adopted to correct the study tools, by giving each of its paragraphs one degree out of its five degrees (a very large degree, a large degree, a medium degree, a small degree, a very small degree) and it is represented digitally (5, 4, 3, 2, 1) respectively, the following scale has been adopted for the purposes of analyzing the results: From 1.00 - 2.33 Low، 2.34-3.67 average، From 3.68- 5.00 large، The scale was calculated by using the following equation: (The upper limit of the scale (5) - the lower limit of the scale (1)) / The number of required categories (3)=(5-1)/3 =1.33.And then add the answer (1.33) to the end of each category. Keywords: distance learning process, public school students, educational platforms DOI: 10.7176/JEP/13-19-20 Publication date: June 30 th 2022

A randomised controlled trial of brief web-based acceptance and commitment Therapy on the general mental health, depression, anxiety and stress of college Students

The college years are frequently understood as being a carefree time in a young person's life, however, research suggests that these are formative and challenging times for many. The purpose of the study was to examine the effectiveness of a brief internet intervention based on Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) for promoting general mental health among college students. As far as can be determined, the impact of an online guided self-help version of (i) contact with the present moment, (ii) cognitive defusion and (iii) self-as-context processes of ACT on mental health has never been tested in a student-based randomized trial. The current study was a randomized controlled wait-list trial consisting of a 3-week intervention and a 3-week follow-up phase. Out of 174 participants, 113 were included in the analysis. Inclusion criteria were: (1) no formal diagnosis of mental health disorders, (2) no previous experience of ACT, mindfulness or mindfulness-based exercises, (3) over 18 years of age, and (4) currently registered as a university or college student. Participants were randomly assigned to an ACT-based intervention (N = 87) or a wait-list control (N = 87). Neither investigators nor participants were blinded to group assignment. The primary outcome measure was general mental health (GHQ-12). Depression, Anxiety and Stress were also measured (DASS-21) as well as psychological flexibility (AAQ-2) at pre- and post-intervention, and 3-week follow-up. The results indicated significant improvements in general mental health in the ACT processes group compared with the wait-list control group (p = .005, d = 0.48) at post treatment but not at follow-up. There were no significant differences between the groups on any other outcome measures. The results from this study provide some support for the effectiveness of a brief web-based ACT intervention to enhance general mental health. However, there were no significant comparative improvements, but trends, for depression, anxiety or stress.

Experience of childhood cancer: A narrative inquiry.

To more fully understand the possible impact of childhood cancer on a young person's life through their own story. Using Connelly and Clandinin's narrative inquiry method, a participant named Noelle was engaged in a series of narrative interviews and a creative self-expression activity about her cancer experience when she was 12. Her story was examined through the three-dimensional space of experience (person, place, and time), and analyzed using Erikson's Psychosocial Stages of Development framework theoretical lens. Two significant narrative patterns emerged: identity and relationships. Although the physical effects of the cancer were successfully treated, the impact of this disease impacted Noelle's own psychosocial development as she was trying to evolve her relationships with peers and family, while grappling with her new identity as a cancer patient. Healthcare professionals need to intentionally increase their sensitivity to adolescent patients' lived experience of cancer. More specifically, there is a need for further education of healthcare professionals on the psychosocial impact of cancer in both the immediate and long-term trajectory of the cancer disease process.

Psychological Issues in Adolescents

Adolescence is a critical period of development in a young person's life, marked by important biological, cognitive, emotional and social changes. It is also a period when adolescents become autonomous and independent and try to develop an identity for themselves. This phase involves many psychological challenges and issues. This article reviews the major psychosocial problems during adolescence.

AESTHETIC TRAINING IS AN IMPORTANT FACTOR OF A FUTURE DOCTORS' PROFESSIONAL FORMATION

Nowadays, a stream of various information, including hybrid information, is aimed at young people. That is why students are most focused on the virtual environment, and the sensuality of the individual goes back to the periphery of their spiritual life. Such a reality requires the use of complex efforts directed at returning a person to their essence.&#x0D; The relevance of our study is due to the young people's need to develop a sense of taste as an aesthetic category and the formation of criteria that would allow them to distinguish between the verity from distorted reality and the good from evil.&#x0D; The purpose: to confirm the need for aesthetic education in future doctors' training because it strengthens students' active national and civic positions. Aesthetic education lays down self-consciousness, self-determination, and individualization. It helps to find life landmarks and affects relations with the outside world. Aesthetic education is the essence of the humanization of the individual, their socialization. It is a necessary basis and prerequisite to realize the individual abilities in the process of real life.&#x0D; During lectures and practical classes at the departments of Ukrainian Studies and Linguistics, as well as during extra classes, teachers pay considerable attention to the aesthetic education of IFNMU students. The methods of aesthetic education, which are used in the classroom discussion of artworks are as follows: respect for the individual, appeal to feelings, conversations and debates, problem situations, individual and group creative work. In particular, respect for the individual is especially needed when discussing ethical issues.&#x0D; For the formation of the aesthetic culture of youth, the basic thing is the sincerity of the student, the appropriate attitude of the teacher and the team. It is the expression of one's impressions, experiences, and thoughts, rather than a blind repetition of the view imposed by the teacher. Thus it enables the teacher to direct the aesthetic development of the personality in the right direction. Every opinion should be heard and discussed because this is how the teacher will be able to see the real level of students' development. This approach enables correcting erroneous judgments on time.&#x0D; Addressing the feelings of future professionals (conscience, dignity, and empathy) involves a thoughtful contemplation of works of art, which is preceded by the disclosure of cultural and historical conditions of the work. This process should be accompanied by a discussion and teachers' explanation. Conversation and debate presuppose a free exchange of opinions, a collective discussion of aesthetic problems, as a result of which aesthetic views and judgments are formed. During the debate, students defend their position. The reasoned speech of the future doctors is based on their level of awareness, erudition, and culture. The exchange of ideas and facts develops logical thinking, the ability to analyze, generalize and make conclusions.&#x0D; There are various ways of humanization and enrichment of future specialists' potential, but aesthetic training is the main one. Society pays attention in the critical periods of its development on aesthetic training. It acts as a final element in the higher education system, giving completeness and saturating the whole structure with the main content. The process of studying in a higher education institution is the moment in a young person's life when they should understand and realize their life meaning following their moral and aesthetic ideals.

Health care transition for individuals with Down syndrome: A needs assessment.

Transition to adulthood is a multifaceted process that requires integration of numerous domains within a young person's life, including their health care. For children with special health care needs, the transition process can be markedly more difficult to navigate. This is especially true for children with Down syndrome (DS) who receive fewer transition planning services. The aim of this needs assessment was to identify current trends, potential gaps, and areas for targeted intervention within the current transition landscape for individuals with DS. We utilized DS-Connect, a National Institutes of Health (NIH) funded family/self-advocate survey repository, as a platform to recruit respondents to the "Transition to Adulthood" survey. Sixty-five respondents (64 parents and 1 caregiver) completed the survey. Responses indicated that 42% of respondents reported comfort in the transition process, but 5% or less reported completing one of the core transition outcomes: transition readiness assessment, portable medical summary, or written transition plan. These findings translated across other domains of respondents' lives. While many individuals with DS and their caregivers are aware of the transition process, there appears to be a disconnect between the introduction of transition concepts and an actualization of transition outcomes necessary for success.

Adding stress to the stressed: Senior high school students’ mental health amidst the COVID-19 nationwide lockdown in Greece

The two-year preparation for the National university entrance exams in Greece is one of the most trying periods in a young person's life, physically and emotionally. The present study reports the results from 442 last year senior high school students who completed an online survey (16-30 April 2020) concerning the lockdown impact on their mental health. Overall, the rate of positive screen for depression (PHQ-9 score ≥ 11) significantly increased from 48.5% to 63.8% and of those scoring within severe depression range (PHQ-9 ≥20) from 10% to 27%; for anxiety (GAD-7 score ≥ 11) increased from 23.8% to 49.5% and of those scoring within severe anxiety range (GAD-7≥17) from 3.8% to 20.5%. After taking sex and baseline (one month prior to the lockdown) levels of depression and anxiety into account, the level of lockdown experienced distress was predictive of depression and anxiety levels in time of home confinement, accounting for about 30% of variance in symptoms severity scores. Although our results may be subject to sampling and recall bias, the unexpectedly high rates of anxiety and depression warrant an urgent call to action aiming at mitigating and managing mental health risks of senior high school students in future waves of pandemic.