Attitudes Of Young People Research Articles

UNDERSTANDING THE PHENOMENON OF RELIGION IN A CROSS-CULTURAL CONTEXT: FROM CICERO TO MODERN YOUTH

The article describes some aspects of the attitude of modern student youth of two Russian regions to the concepts behind the word “religio” (religion). The latter is understood in connotation with three normative forms for the history of the Russian community: 1) as a basic spiritual and moral concept that underlies the life of every individual, the state and the entire human community as a whole (Cicero’s «religio» paradigm); 2) philosophical and confessional legal norms of the 1000-year history of Christianity in Russia; 3) the phenomenology of humanism and religious tolerance in relation to the anthropological foundations of the individual and collective life of each member of the global community. The results of a survey of 235 students from Arkhangelsk and Vladimir on issues related to the modern attitude of young people to understanding the concept of religion are also reflected.

Отношение молодежи к ограничениям, связанным с профилактикой коронавирусной инфекции (на примере QR-кодов)

The article focuses on questions of the attitude of young people of Moscow region towards the restrictions associated with the prevention of new coronavirus infection (COVID-19), in particular, to QR codes. The results of the author`s study are based on data obtained during the conduction of social survey in December 2021. The sample totaled 2,652 respondents. Empirical data showed that more than half of the respondents (51.6%) are afraid of contracting the coronavirus. However, almost two-thirds of the respondents (63.9%) have a negative attitude towards such a disease prevention measure as the introduction of QR codes. Young people were especially negative about the decision of the rectors of a number of universities to allow adult students to enter the territory of the university only if they have a QR code, a certificate of vaccination against COVID-19, or a fresh PCR test. Almost three-quarters of the respondents (73.7%) were against such a decision. Despite the fact that the severe restrictions caused by the spread of coronavirus infection in Russia have been canceled today, nevertheless, the social experiment associated with an attempt to limit individual freedoms in a modern democratic society, and its consequences, need further sociological reflection.

‘Generation Rent’ in a Super Homeownership Environment: The Case of Budapest, Hungary

The paper examines the applicability of the concept of ‘generation rent’ in the ‘super-homeownership’ housing regime and better-off focused welfare regime of Hungary. Available official statistical and survey data show the increase in private rentals among young households, and the appearance of private rental housing as a potential longer-term solution in the attitudes of young people towards housing. In the Hungarian context, the strong role of intergenerational transfers in access to home ownership and public housing policies contribute to the development of a ‘generation rent’. Furthermore, housing policies also affect the housing experiences of the Hungarian ‘generation rent’. In order to reduce tenure security and affordability risks, many households turn to family and friend networks. The involvement of family relations tends to prolong dependency on the family, thus affecting the youth-adulthood transition. Meanwhile the housing career plans of young people reflect the strongly ownership-oriented public discourse, even in the case of low-status young people, for whom acquiring homeownership is not a realistic aspiration. The analysis argues that the concept can be applied in the Hungarian context; however, the development, housing experiences, and housing career plans of ‘generation rent’ in Hungary are strongly influenced by the specific welfare regime and housing system context.

Development of an instrument to assess young people's attitudes toward critical thinking

A comprehensive current educational innovation aims to teach 21st-century skills, which invariably include critical thinking (CT). The implementation of CT requires some mastery of its constituent abilities and also holding the dispositions and attitudes that are necessary for its adequate enactment. The literature on CT attitude measurement uses one main measurement tool, which is very long and only applicable to adults. In order to include young people in this study, a new short and viable tool was designed to assess CT attitudes and analyze its psychometric properties. The design was carried out through a two-stage process that involved convenience samples made up of primary and secondary students from twenty different schools, who answered the developing instruments and whose data are analyzed through a polychoric correlation model. Confirmatory factor analysis reported optimal goodness-of-fit indexes for a six-factor structure of the instrument: confidence on reasoning, truth-seeking, open-mindedness, curiosity, system and prudence-analysis. The matrices of standardized coefficients and correlations between constructs provide evidence of convergent and discriminant validity for the six-factor model, which also attained good reliability indices. These psychometric results provide empirical support to the validity and reliability of the instrument's six-factor theoretical model, which allows the evaluation of young students’ CT attitudes. Finally, the instrument's role in facilitating the educational interventions to foster CT learning from the educational elementary stages and the development of future research is discussed.

Social capital as a factor in the development of civic engagement of students

Introduction. In modern conditions of becoming of a civil society and the constitutional state the public attention is concentrated on modern youth whose civic activity affects how the tasks set for society and the state will be implemented. Purpose setting. The future of Russia is largely determined by the values that are emerging today in the communities of schoolchildren and students. In this regard, the objective of forming conceptual representations about the processes of formation of civic engagement of young people becomes to be relevant. The purpose of this study is to analyze the social capital of the individual as a factor influencing the civic activity of young people studying both at school and at university, including those who are representatives of the Russian movement of schoolchildren. Methodology and methods of the study. The paper provides a theoretical systematic and meaningful analysis of such variables that form social capital as the value attitudes of young people, the level of trust in various agents of influence and the strength of communication with them. Results. The conducted correlation analysis confirmed the hypothesis that exists a relationship between these variables and the object of study. It is shown that modern youth is largely focused on solving their own problems, focused on the "inner circle", is not inclined to trust people in general, lacks solidarity values, concentrating on individualistic interests, and this significantly hinders their inclusion in the manifestation of civic activity. The exception is the representatives of the Russian movement of schoolchildren, who have a high level of trust in the state, patriotic ideals and willingness to interact with public organizations, they are prone to civic responsibility and social activity. Conclusion. It is necessary to create mechanisms for the inclusion of young people in various communities to solve socially significant issues, to strengthen the values of solidarity, as well as to form a unified value system in the youth environment, in which not only universal values, but also patriotism would occupy a significant place.

Analysis of sports habits and their relations to a healthy lifestyle for young people aged 11-14

The aim of the study is to present the health behavior of Hungarian youth aged 11-14. During the research, we analyzed primary school students’ relation to regular physical activity and their knowledge about healthy lifestyle. The aim of our research was to explore the health influencing habits of 11 and 14 year olds; we focused on learning about young people's relation to regular exercise, and attitude toward a healthy lifestyle, the emergence of regular physical activity in everyday life, the impact of parents' sports habits on children, and discovering the connection between young people's health-conscious attitudes and sports habits. To explore the research questions and verify the hypotheses, we conducted a questionnaire among the surveyed age group. Using and analyzing the responses obtained during the research, we found that there are favorable data showing that a process has started, but we still have a long way to go. The greatest problem with children’s current lifestyle is the lack of conscious behavior. In many cases, they have adequate theoretical knowledge, but their conduct does not match their beliefs.

PROSOCIAL MEDIA RESOURCE: PROJECT-EDUCATIONAL INTENSIVE OF STUDENTS

Relevance. The relevance of the topic comes from its various aspects and manifestations of behavior aimed at helping other people and society, including using the digital environment. The article discusses the technology of students’ project activities for the creation of prosocial media. The experience of prosocial design on the platform of the University 20.35 is presented.
 The purpose of the study. Based on the study of the attitude of young people to media resources promoting assistance to other people and society, to develop and implement educational intensive technology to create by students prosocial media.
 Methods and methodology. The methodological basis of the study was the approaches of media education. Methods: data selection and systematization, document analysis, Internet media monitoring, quantitative analysis of publications in youth Internet media, design. Empirical data are comprehended and processed using content analysis, quantitative analysis methods (descriptive statistics, percentage analysis. The calculations were made on the basis of the SPPS 22 statistical software package.
 Results. The preferences of young people in the choice of forms of presentation of prosocial topics in the media space are revealed, their reactions to prosocial posts, blogs, videos, publications are studied, the structure of the projected prosocial media environment is determined. An educational intensive technology has been implemented to create a test prototype for the prosocial media “Let’s make the world a better place!”.
 Conclusion. Based on the results of the study of the attitude of young people to prosocial media, a technology for teaching the design of prosocial media was developed and implemented, which allowed students to form attitudes to prosocial activity.
 The scope of the results. The results of the study should be taken into account when developing programs and projects aimed at ensuring the digital socialization of young people.

RESEARCH OF VOLUNTEER ACTIVITIES DURING THE RUSSIAN-UKRAINIAN WAR

Volunteering is gaining momentum with each year of Ukraine’s independence. Since 2014, volunteering has shifted to the needs of the war. On February 24, 2022, the war moved into a phase of a full-scale invasion of Ukraine, and volunteering confronted new challenges and tasks. The article reveals the meaning of the concepts of «volunteering» and «social activity». One of the manifestations of social activity is volunteering. Researchers note that volunteering is one of the foundations of civil society, as without the participation of volunteers, it is difficult to imagine public organizations and charity in general. Volunteering is one of the effective mechanisms for solving the problems and needs of the community, where volunteer programs and initiatives are implemented. The article considers the data of the All-Ukrainian sociological research “Attitudes of young people to participation in volunteering”, conducted by the sociologist M. Krasiy. The analytical report of D. Horielov and O. Kornievskyi – “Volunteer movement: international experience and Ukrainian civic practices” has been analyzed in this research study. On its basis, we created own table with the types of volunteer activities during the Russian-Ukrainian war. The table considers humanitarian projects, environmental projects, as well as cultural and historical initiatives. The data of the “Eighth National Survey: Adaptation of Ukrainians to the Conditions of War” from the “Rating” Sociological Group were considered. According to it almost 80 % of respondents participate in one way or another in defending the country, including 35 % volunteering, and helping people/military. The article also deals with the study of the International Youth Project of the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) - U-Report, on volunteering during the war. At the request of the United Nations, in December 2014, the company “GfK Ukraine” conducted a nationwide survey of volunteering in Ukraine. According to the survey, 85% believe that the volunteer movement helps to strengthen peace, and 81% tend to consider the volunteer movement a necessary part of civil society. The main activity of volunteers in 2014 was to help the Ukrainian army and the wounded - 70% of volunteers were involved in this kind of activity.

TO BE YOUNG, ALIENATED AND UNEMPLOYED: SOCIAL IDENTITY, ATTITUDES AND WELL-BEING OF GEORGIA’S NEET YOUTH

Education and employment are essential factors for social inclusion of young people in society, so it is important to study young people who are neither in education or in employment (called NEETs) to determine how they deal with their social status and their mechanisms to integrate into society. This study examines how negatively or positively NEET young people perceive their social status, how NEET status affects young people's attitudes, social identity, or well-being, and whether young people try to escape from the status of NEET. The survey was conducted with 380 young people and in-depth interviews with 12 people. Research shows that the social status of NEET is neither desirable nor appreciated. NEETs are associated with diminished well-being mainly because of their lower life satisfaction. NEET youth scores lower than the general population in life satisfaction, although they have similar level of self-esteem. Research has shown that NEET youth use psychological mechanisms, such as identifying with a positively assessed group, to help young people maintain high self-esteem or use strategies to escape from the NEETs group, get a job, or continue their education. The following factors positively contribute to the desire to leave the NEET group: self-esteem is the most important motivator, followed by social identity, attitudes towards education and employment, and family economic status. The high NEET rate in Georgia suggests that NEETs youth should be a particular target group for interventions to enable their ‘activation’ to integrate into society. Keywords: attitudes towards education, attitudes towards employment, NEET youth, social identity, well-being

What the youth of a large Russian city knows and thinks about vandalism: the case of Yekaterinburg

The article is devoted to the analysis of the dominant public opinion of Russian urban youth about vandalism and its forms of manifestation. The author notes that the current practice of research in social and humanitarian science is mainly focused on the analysis of specific cases of vandalism and the motivation of its subjects, while the specifics of mass representations of young people about this phenomenon remains poorly understood. Referring to the data of his own sociological research, the author seeks to take a step in overcoming this imbalance and establish the dominant attitude of Russian urban youth to the phenomenon of vandalism. The hypothesis of the work is that the ground for the spread of youth vandalism is largely created by the superficiality and flexibility of the attitude of the mass youth audience to this phenomenon. The analysis carried out in the course of the study shows that this hypothesis turned out to be fair. It was found that vandalism as a phenomenon causes mass condemnation of young people only at the level of abstract judgments, while the real attitude of young people to processes in urban space turns out to be flexible. Many young people have an extremely narrow idea of what vandalism is, and do not consider a number of destructive activities in urban space to be its manifestations. This space itself is not perceived as inviolable: the possibility of unauthorized transformations in it does not cause mass rejection of young people. And already existing vandal damage is often simply not noticed. In general, the analysis showed that educational activities should be no less important vector of prevention of youth vandalism than the existing areas of such work.

New trends in re-socialisation. The role of temporal perspective in designing work with juveniles in youth educational centres (YOI)

Human attitude to temporal perspectives as a factor determining the effectiveness of emotional and social adaptation fits into the theoretical framework of Philip G. Zimbardo and John Boyd’s (1999, 2009) model. Research on temporality is undergoing a renaissance, which is visible in Polish and world literature in the area of social sciences. However, among many analyses concerning young people's attitudes to time, the ones that concern the issue of planning one's own future and setting life goals still dominate, as they are part of the basis of identity processes occurring in this period (Czerwińska-Jasiewicz, 1997; Liberska 2007; Mac-Czernik, 2000; Nosal, Bajcar 2004 Stolarski, Fieluaine, van Beek, 2015; Suddendorf, Corballis, 2007 et al.). However, there are few results of studies based on the assumptions of Zimbardo and Boyd’s (1999, 2009) model. Those concerning socially maladjusted youth in YOIs are almost absent. The aim of this article is to present the role of time perspective in the area of increasing effectiveness in designing re-socialisation work with minors through the use of diagnosis and creating, on the basis of its results, profiles of pupils in relation to belonging to time perspectives and their dimensions.

Attitudes toward Transsexuality, Empathy, and Bullying in Young Population

Affective-sexual and gender diversity is an increasingly distinctive and extended reality and should be acknowledged and respected. From a psychosocial and educational point of view, it is appropriate to review young people’s attitudes and knowledge regarding this, relating them to aspects such as empathy, violence, or bullying, to implement quality education in the early stages of primary education. The main objective of this study was to analyze the relationship between empathy levels, attitudes toward transsexuality, and bullying among Spanish university students. The sample consisted of 247 students. Instruments were administered to evaluate negative attitudes toward transsexual people, gender ideology, transphobia, bullying, and empathy. Inverse relationships were found between transphobia and empathy. Regression analysis demonstrated the predictive ability of empathy on attitudes toward transsexual people. The results of this study are expected to increase awareness in society and encourage appropriate, satisfactory, or tolerable coexistence, in which all individuals can be free to live and express themselves. While the results indicated that the quality of life of transgender people has comparatively improved, there is still a long way to go.

INVESTIGATING THE EFFECTS OF URBAN-RURAL DISTINCTIONS AND HOUSEHOLD ECONOMIC BACKGROUNDS ON YOUNG PEOPLE’S ATTITUDES

The present study aims to investigate young people's attitudes about foreign language learning in Northern Ireland, depending on diverse residential areas and household economic backgrounds. A cross-sectional design was used in this study to conduct descriptive research. The present study uses secondary data from the Access Research Knowledge (ARK) in Northern Ireland's Young Life and Time (YLT) survey, which has been performed yearly since 2003. The survey consists of 103 items that may be completed in two ways: online (15.5 percent) or on paper (84.5 percent). The emphasis of this study was on three variables: young people's home areas (urban and rural); household economic backgrounds; and their educational backgrounds (not very well-off, average, and very well-off); and the attitude to foreign language learning. The outcomes of this study revealed that disparities between urban and rural areas had a major impact on young people's views about foreign language programs. Compared to household prosperity, which did not give strong evidence of disparities in this study, the impact of this problem was considerably more prominent.

Социальная регуляция рисков пандемии в оценках молодежи

The article analyzes the attitude of young people to the actions of the Government of the Russian Federation to reduce the risks of a pandemic. The attitude contains multilevel ideas about what should be and what exists in the activities of government structures and is reflected in value judgments. They are considered in the mainstream of traditional analysis: in relation to age, educational level, types of activity; within the framework of the concept of self-regulation of youth life: in connection with archetypes, individual features of mentality, habitual attitudes. Despite the fact that the Government of the Russian Federation received unequivocal support from less than a third of the young people surveyed, the most critical were the groups of young people aged 18 to 29, who combine work and study and do not trust the executive power. The least critical are students and unemployed youth who trust the executive power authorities. The article substantiates the conclusion that the authorities have a stable support among young people, who share the archetypes of “guilt” and “good”, the value attitude “love for the motherland” and the high habitual attitude toward “reliability and constancy.” But the most significant factor that increases positive attitude to the institutional regulation of the risks of the pandemic is youth trust to the Government of the Russian Federation.

Государственная цензура Интернета в оценках российской молодежи: итоги социологического исследования

The central issue of the paper is the peculiarities of the attitude of Russian youth to the tough policy of the state aimed at limiting the dissemination of information on the Internet. The author notes the contradiction between the progressive tightening of the policy of the Russian state in the field of moderation of the Internet and the lack of a clear understanding of the specifics of the reaction that such a tightening causes in society. An analysis of the current scientific literature leads the author to the conclusion that the attitude of young people to the practices of introducing state censorship will largely affect the effectiveness of the functioning of such censorship. The negative attitude of young people towards state censorship of the Internet will hinder its functioning, while agreement with the need for its introduction, on the contrary, may become a favorable prerequisite for its development. Using the data of his own sociological research conducted among the youth of Ekaterinburg (N=504), the author analyses the actual moods that arise among the youth in connection with the prospect of introducing state censorship of the Internet. The key conclusion of the paper is that the Russian youth has a relatively positive attitude towards the introduction of state censorship of the Internet, which in many respects favors the real introduction of such censorship into the life of society. Although young people disagree and argue about the specific types of information that should be prohibited by the state censorship, the initial need for such a prohibition is more likely to be supported.

RISKY SEXUAL BEHAVIOR AND STI KNOWLEDGE AMONG SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS IN THE SUNYANI MUNICIPALITY, GHANA

Literature has shown that the knowledge and attitudes of young people regarding STIs such as HIV/AIDS and its prevention still remains an important topic in the lives of these young individuals in respect of their decision making so as to practice safer sex options in order to eschew contracting HIV and other STIs. This descriptive cross-sectional study assessed the risky sexual behaviour associated with STI knowledge among senior high school students from the Twene Amanfo Senior High Technical School in the Sunyani municipality. The study deployed a randomized sampling technique in recruiting 250 study participants. Quantitative data stemming from the study were analyzed using SPSS version 25 and data were presented using frequencies as tables and figures. The study found that only 40% of senior high school students possessed high knowledge on STIs whereas the majority of 60% had low knowledge on STIs associated with sexual risk behaviours. The study concluded on the note that the majority of senior high school students had low knowledge on STIs associated with sexual risk behaviour which is worrying. The study, therefore, recommends that the Ministry of Education must collaborate with the Ministry of Health is rolling out adolescent health programmes in the Ghana education curriculum largely geared towards sex and STI education. This is essential in increasing students’ knowledge level on STIs in order to engender preventive and safe sex practices.

ФОРСАЙТ СОЦІАЛЬНО-ТРУДОВОЇ МОБІЛЬНОСТІ МОЛОДІ НА ОСНОВІ ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ХАКАТОН-ЕКОСИСТЕМИ

The article discusses contemporary issues related to social and labor mobility of youth. In particular, it is observed that social and labor mobility is influenced by such factors as social order; ethnocultural stereotypes at the modern stage of social process development; system of social and moral values; changes in the employment types and patterns, a range of professions and occupational prestige in public opinion; demographic processes; regional specifics; social structure and organisation; settlement structure, etc. The study reveals that from a microenvironment perspective, the youth social and labor mobility level is primarily affected by the following group of impact factors: family, education system, immediate environment, media, territorial specifics of professional and social structure and others. The study findings demonstrate that the correlation between objective realia and microenvironment in the process of professional self-identity of an individual could be viewed as the relationship between the two external sources of shaping a person’s professional focus. To attain the research agenda, foresight technologies were employed to encourage social and labor mobility of young people. Data collection on graduates was conducted at the Kyiv National University of Technologies and Design during 2019–2020. Based on the use of the Hackathon ecosystem, this study presents a foresight on youth social and labor mobility. It is argued that such a mechanism contributes to building socioeconomic relationships between institutions, enterprises and organizations on youth social and labor mobility, applying a systematic approach to tackling the issues under consideration, developing the key areas for effective interaction, establishing socioeconomic, legal, psychological and didactic terms to coordinate their activity. The regulatory framework to manage social and labor attitudes of young people based on the University Hackathon ecosystem involves the following mechanisms: institutional (developing and implementing a regulatory framework as well as the government workforce policy), organizational (assessing the situation within the educational environment: social, household-based, psychological), economic (which covers optimality, efficiency, structuring) along with personal and motivational (insights into the demands, values, interests and motifs).

The impact of social media on youth political behavior

This study aims to investigate the effects that the use of social networks has on shaping or changing young people’s behaviors regarding political issues. The method used to carry out this work is a mixture of qualitative and quantitative methods. Primary and secondary data were used. Information and secondary data have been collected through research on various studies, books, websites, and articles, which have been accessed from reliable and serious sources. Primary data were collected using a questionnaire, which aimed to collect information about the use of social networks by young people and the impact of these networks in shaping or changing the attitudes of young people towards political issues. From the literature research and from the analysis of the data collected through the questionnaire it resulted that social network have a significant impact on the political behaviors and attitudes of young people.

Impact of Film and Other Social Narratives on Students

Nowadays films occupy a significant portion of the media products consumed by people. In Russia, cinema is being considered as a means of individual and social transformation, which makes a contribution to the formation of the Russian audience's outlook, including their attitudes towards topical social issues. At the same time, the question of the effectiveness of films' impact remains an open question in psychological science. According to the empirical orientation of our approach to the study of mass media influence, our goal was to obtain new data on the positive impact of films based on specific experimental research. The task was to identify changes in the attitudes of young people, as the most active viewers, towards topical social issues after watching a specifically selected film. Using a psychosomatic technique that included 25 scales designed to identify attitudes towards elderly people, respondents evaluated their various characteristics before and after watching films. Using a number of characteristics related to the motivational, emotional and cognitive spheres, significant changes were revealed. At the same time, significant differences were found in assessments of the elderly between undergraduate students and postgraduate students. After watching films, postgraduate students' attitudes towards elderly people changed in a positive way, while undergraduate students' negative assessments only worsened. The revealed opposite trends can be explained by individual differences of respondents, which include age, educational status as an indicator of individual psychological characteristics, the experience of interaction with elderly people and, as a result, attitudes towards elderly people at the time before watching movies. The finding that previous attitudes mediate the impact of the film complements the ideas of the contribution of individual differences to media effects. Most of the changes detected immediately after watching the movie did not remain over time. A single movie viewing did not have a lasting effect on viewers' attitudes, and it suggests the further task of identifying mechanisms of the sustainability of changes.

É perigoso: a glorificação do risco na mídia e as atitudes dos jovens em relação à direção no trânsito

Abstract This article analyzes short-term media effects of car commercials on TV that glorify risk, and long-term associations, such as the use of violent videogames, on the attitudes of young people towards driving experience. The study, a between-subjects experimental design, included 106 undergraduate students from the Universidade de Brasília (University of Brasília, UnB) during the first semester of 2019. The results show that the short-term effects of exposure to car commercials on TV that glorify risk significantly increase risky attitudes in relation to driving, measured by the Driver Thrill Seeking Scale (DTSS). But this only occurs among individuals who like violent videogames such as Grand Theft Auto (GTA). No short-term effects were found among the other participants, which does not exclude the existence of other types of effect, such as long-term ones.