Young Orchards Research Articles

Performance of apricot cultivars ‘Harcot’ and ‘Goldrich’ on different rootstocks in young orchard when using various grafting heights

Performance of apricot cultivars ‘Harcot’ and ‘Goldrich’ on different rootstocks in young orchard when using various grafting heights

Hazelnut growth and weed control in response to selected preemergence herbicides

AbstractHazelnut hectarage is expanding in Oregon. Weed competition in young orchards can severely reduce the growth and survival of plants. New orchards replace crops, including grass seed fields, which often are infested with herbicide-resistant weeds, including Italian ryegrass. This research evaluated hazelnut tolerance to pronamide, pyroxasulfone, and S-metolachlor. Three multi-year field experiments were conducted at newly planted orchards in the Willamette Valley during 2019 and 2020. Treatments compared pyroxasulfone (0.24 kg ai ha–1), pronamide (2.3 kg ai ha–1), and S-metolachlor (1.39 kg ai ha–1) applied at the reference rate, and at 2× and 4× that rate, compared to weed-free check. Treatments were applied within 2 wk after the winter transplant and reapplied the following year. Hazelnuts showed a high tolerance to all herbicides tested, with negligible injury noted (<3%). No changes in leaf chlorophyll were noted, averaging 242, 179, and 225 mg m–2 on each study site. Tree growth was similar among treatments as measured by trunk cross-sectional area, canopy volume, and internode length. A separate study evaluated the control of Italian ryegrass. Pronamide and pyroxasulfone provide 100% control of Italian ryegrass, and weed dry weight was reduced by up to 79 % compared to the grower standard. This study documents that hazelnuts are tolerant to pronamide, pyroxasulfone, and S-metolachlor, and that these herbicides can improve weed management in young orchards.

Vegetative and generative properties of two apple cultivars ‘Galiwa’ and ‘Story Inored’ in a multi-row system

In a five-year (2015-2019) study, some vegetative and generative peculiarities of two resistant apple cultivars (‘Galiwa’ and ‘Story Inored’) were assessed in a young orchard with a multi-row training system. Based on our research, cv. ‘Galiwa’ showed significantly weaker growth, than cv. ‘Story Inored’, which was manifested in lower trunk cross sectional area (TCSA) and lower tree height. Cultivar ‘Story Inored’ reached the optimal tree height (3.1 m) at the age of four, but cv. ‘Galiwa’ could not achieve it neither in five-year-old trees (2.7 m). Cultivar ‘Galiwa’ showed 28.4-32.6 t/ha calculated average yield, while cv. ‘Story Inored’ produced 41.3-102.7 t/ha. Larger fruit size was found in cv. ‘Galiwa’ (72.7-79.1 mm) and smaller in cv. ‘Story Inored’ (66.9-69.2 mm). The fruit surface color was under 50% for cv. ‘Galiwa’ (43-49%), meanwhile cv. ‘Story Inored’ reached higher coloration (87-93%) and an excellent color intensity (4.8-5.0). Shape of cv. ‘Galiwa’ fruits was rather flat, than globular (0.83-0.84 shape index), as cv. ‘Story Inored’ was more elongated (0.95-1.00 shape index).

Water requirements of new citrus orchards in “Jiguaní” Agricultural Enterprise

Introduction— The planting of 1 200 ha of citrus fruits is planned in the “Jiguaní” Agricultural Enterprise and, for the design and subsequent management of the irrigation systems, it is essential to previously establish the water needs of the crop. Objective— Calculate the water needs of citrus orchards using the procedures outlined by FAO-56, applying the most recent update of the Allen and Pereira (A&P) approach. Method— To calculate the water needs of the crop, the ETo × Kc approach established by FAO-56 was followed. Within this, the ETo values were calculated using the Hargreaves-Samani equation and those of Kc, from the update of the A&P approach. Results— Water needs vary between 1.0 d–1 and 1.9 mm d–1 for young orchards, from 1.7 mm d–1 to 3.5 mm d–1 for high-density adult plantations and low trees, and from 2.2 mm d–1 to 4.3 mm d–1 for tall trees. Conclusions— The pertinence of the A&P approach to estimate the Kcb and Kc coefficients to determine the water consumption of orchards benefited with localized and high-frequency irrigation techniques was corroborated.

Adaptive potential of apple varieties in the foothill zone of Dagestan

The article presents the results of studying the adaptability of apple varieties on the M9 clone rootstock in the agroecological conditions of the southeastern foothill subprovince of Dagestan. The purpose of the research is to identify the adaptive potential of apple varieties for the establishment of intensive type orchards in the zone of commercial horticulture. It is especially important to choose the optimal variant of scion-rootstock combinations of apple trees, which should be distinguished by annual productivity, high commercial quality of fruits and environmental sustainability. The southeastern foothill sub-province has great prospects for the development of commercial horticulture. The most common of the unfavorable environmental factors that negatively affect the vital activity of fruit crops are recurrent cold in spring and early frosts in autumn, when fruit plants are still windy. According to the results of the research, biometric parameters of growth and yield of trees in a young orchard were determined, depending on the type of plantings design. It is noted that at the age of three years, the condition of trees on a 5-point scale is good. The height of trees, depending on the rootstock, compared with the variety Renet Simirenko (control), reached an average of 2.3 to 2.9 m. On dwarf rootstocks of M-9, the diameter of the stem of the Majesti variety was 4.2 cm, the diameter of the Simirenko variety was 3.5 cm. The growth of annual shoots clearly reflects the growth activity of trees with different scion/rootstock combinations. It has been established that dwarf rootstocks provide a weakening effect and allow growing stunted trees with a compact crown, a strong stem and are convenient for care, harvesting. The largest number of fruit formations was observed in the introduced Majesti variety with a planting scheme of 3.0×1.5 on a dwarf rootstock M9(67sh), compared with the control variety of the Renet Simirenko (46pcs).The yield from one tree was 7.1 kg., in the control variety Renet Simirenko — (5.3 kg). When calculated per hectare, the Majesty variety produced 15.7 tons, Renet Simirenko — 11.7 tons.

Measurement and modeling of canopy interception losses by two differently aged apple orchards in a subhumid region of the Yellow River Basin

Canopy interception (Ic) of rainwater is an important component of hydrological cycles, and its measurement and modeling are essential for understanding water balances and formulating scientific strategies of management in different ecosystems. Large areas of traditional agricultural crops have been replaced with apple orchards in the Yellow River Basin, while few studies were conducted to quantify and model canopy interception for apple orchards with different ages. In this work, we measured rainfall, stemflow and throughfall and calculated Ic for young and mature apple orchards from May to September 2013–2016 in Changwu County on the Loess Plateau in the Yellow River Basin. The revised Gash model was applied to the two orchards. The results revealed that annual Ic for the young (range 22.2–29.2 mm) and mature (range 26.8–39.7 mm) orchards varied between years. During the past four years, cumulative modeled Ic was 7.6 ± 1.0 and 10.5 ± 0.9% higher than cumulative measured Ic for the young and mature orchards, respectively. Evaluation parameters the mean root mean square error and bias values (0.1719 mm and 0.0372 mm, respectively) between the measured and modeled Ic implied that the revised model performed better for the young orchard. For both orchards, the revised model was most sensitive to the ratio of mean evaporation rate to mean rainfall intensity and canopy storage capacity each year. The good agreement between the measured and modeled Ic indicated that the revised model was suitable for predicting Ic for apple orchards with different ages under our climatic conditions or similar conditions.

Identity and pathogenicity of Botryosphaeriaceae and Diaporthaceae from Juglans regia in Chile

English walnut (Juglans regia) has become an important crop in Chile, representing 11.5% of the total area of fruit trees, surpassed only by grapevine. As the Chilean walnut industry rapidly expands, young orchards are at risk from the emergence of new fungal diseases. Botryosphaeriaceae and Diaporthaceae fungi have been recognized as main causes of wood diseases in walnut, with symptoms of dieback, canker, and blight. In winter 2017, samples were collected from different orchards in Valparaíso and Maule regions. Fungal isolates recovered were cultured, characterized morphologically, and identified using DNA sequence analyses. Three species (Neofusicoccum parvum, Diplodia mutila, Diplodia seriata) were characterized in Botryosphaeriaceae and two (Diaporthe cynaroidis, Diaporthe australafricana) in Diaporthaceae. Pathogenicity tests showed that N. parvum was the most aggressive species to walnut. This study confirmed the presence of pathogenic Botryosphaeriaceae and Diaporthaceae in J. regia that should be considered an increasing risk for the growing Chilean walnut industry.

Surface energy flux measurements over a drip-irrigated young almond orchard

Surface energy flux measurements over a drip-irrigated young almond orchard

Susceptibility of Some Corylus avellana L. Cultivars to Xanthomonas arboricola pv. corylina.

Bacterial blight of hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) is caused by Xanthomonas arboricola pv. corylina (Xac). In the past, bacterial blight has been a key disease impacting the Oregon hazelnut industry where 99% of the United States hazelnut crop is grown. The disease is re-emerging in young orchards, as acreage of newly released hazelnut cultivars rapidly increases. This increase in hazelnut acreage is accompanied by renewed interest in developing control strategies for bacterial blight. Information on susceptibility of hazelnut cultivars to Xac is limited, partially due to lack of verified methods to quantify hazelnut cultivar response to artificial inoculation. In this research, Xac inoculation protocols were adapted to two hazelnut growing environments to evaluate cultivar susceptibility: in vitro tissue culture under sterile and controlled conditions, and in vivo potted tree conditions. Five hazelnut cultivars were evaluated using the in vitro inoculation protocol and seven hazelnut cultivars were evaluated using the in vivo inoculation protocol. Under in vitro conditions, there were severe bacterial blight symptoms on each cultivar consistent with those seen in the field, but no significant differences in the susceptibility of the newly released cultivars were observed compared to known Xac-susceptible cultivar (“Barcelona”). Under in vivo conditions, the proportion of necrotic buds were significantly higher in “Jefferson” and “Dorris” compared to all of the other tested cultivars, including “Barcelona.” The symptom progression seen in vivo mirrored the timing and symptom progression of bacterial blight reported from field observations. The in vitro conditions significantly reduced the amount of time required to measure the inoculation efficiency compared to the in vivo environment and allowed for greater replication. Further studies on the effects of Xac can use the results of these experiments to establish a dose–response model for bacterial blight, a wider range of germplasm can be tested under in vitro conditions, and management strategies that can be evaluated on large populations of new cultivars using the in vivo methods.

Soil chemical quality assessment and spatial distribution of pomelo orchards in acidic red soil hilly regions of China.

Soil quality assessment is a critical strategy for determining optimum fertilization in intensive pomelo production. In this study, we evaluated the soil quality status and mapped the spatial distribution of 347 soil samples collected from pomelo orchards in Pinghe County, southern China. We analyzed nine chemical parameters and an altitude indicator. The mean soil quality index (SQI) was 0.355 in the total data set (TDS) and 0.292 in the minimum data set (MDS). Available Ca (Avail-Ca), pH value, organic matter and altitude were selected as indicators of soil quality in the MDS. The SQI in mature orchards (>10 years) was higher than that in young orchards (<10 years), while no differences between soil types and altitude gradients were identified. We detected a significant positive correlation between the SQI based on TDS (SQITDS ) and the SQI based on MDS (SQIMDS ), and the spatial distribution of soil properties and SQITDS showed a uniform pattern, except for Avail-N, Avail-B and SQIMDS . Overall, unfavorable soil quality indicators, including rich in Avail-P, deficient in Avail-Ca, -Mg and -B, soil acidification and high altitude, were considered to be limiting factors for pomelo production. The soil chemical quality in pomelo orchards is generally low, indicating that integrated management by controlling acidification, reducing planting altitude, regulating fertilization and monitoring soil properties is required for sustainable pomelo production. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.

Weed Occurrence in a Young Apple Orchard Mulched With Two Different Organic Materials

Abstract In this study, conducted at the Research Station of the Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Poland, we sought to determine the communities of weed species and their temporal occurrence in a young apple orchard mulched with spent mushroom compost or Miscanthus straw applied to tree rows. A herbicide fallow treatment was used as a control. During the first year of application, both organic mulches protected against the germination of weed seeds stored within the soil. In subsequent years, however, annual weeds occurred in the mulched tree rows, the most aggressive of which was Chenopodium album L. Annual increases in population densities were noted over the 4 subsequent years of research, particularly in the rows receiving spent mushroom compost. Perennial species in the family Poaceae and genus Malva were present in soil receiving both organic mulches. Trifolium repens L. was the perennial weed most often noted in the Miscanthus mulch, whereas Taraxacum officinale Web. was more characteristic of the spent mushroom compost. Commencing from the spring of the third year following apple tree planting, weed infestation associated with the spent mushroom compost was similar to that observed in the herbicide fallow, thus necessitating three annual applications of herbicide to further maintain the orchard. The insufficient weed suppression obtained with this mulch precludes its recommendation as an effective weed management system. Although Miscanthus straw provided extended tree row protection from weed infestation, herbicide intervention was also required. Notably, however, despite the fact that Miscanthus straw provided conditions more favorable to tree growth, apple tree yields and fruit quality tended to be similar under the three investigated orchard soil management systems.

A specialized picker with lower pick-up height for recovering pruning residues in orchards

Most farmers use mulch machine to directly shred the branch pruning residues in orchards, which may cause the spread of diseases and pests to healthy branches. It is a good solution to use a machine to recover pruning residues and then transport them to a safe area for secondary utilization. However, effective collection of these residues still faces many technical challenges. In particular, the pruning residues in young orchards have the characteristics of many branches without secondary branches and close to the ground, it is difficult to collect. In this article, a specialized picker with lower pick-up height is proposed, which is more suitable for collecting pruning residues in young orchards. Firstly, an experiment platform for collecting branches is built. It is found that the pick-up height has a larger effect on the success rate than other factors. Secondly, an optimization platform with a user interface is also developed in Matlab, and the mono-factor analysis method is used to optimize the variable parameters of the mathematical model of spring-finger picker. Then, a set of non-inferior solution parameters is obtained. Finally, a picker on the square herbage baler is selected as an experimental prototype, and a core component Cam track is redesigned and fabricated according to the optimization results. Additionally, comparative tests are conducted between the original picker and the improved picker. The results show the latter is more than 30% higher than the former, even achieves 93.8% of success rate. This article can provide a theoretical basis for designing the branches pick-up device and the design method can also be widely used in other mechanisms of agricultural machines.

Comparison of transpiration of differently aged apple orchards on the Loess Plateau of China at multiple temporal scales

ABSTRACT Accurately quantifying transpiration (T) in apple orchards and its proportion of precipitation (P) is important for comprehending hydrological and ecological processes. A field experiment was conducted during the growing seasons (May to September) of 2013–2016 on the Loess Plateau of China to investigate the characteristics of T in apple (Malus domestica, cv. Fuji) orchards of different ages at multiple temporal scales. The results indicated that tree age clearly influenced T for the young (8-year-old) and old (18-year-old) apple orchards. Transpiration was consistently higher in the old than the young orchard at the same time scales (p < 0.05). At the monthly scale, T was not significantly correlated with leaf area index (LAI) or soil relative extractable water (REW) for either orchard. Average ratios of T to P for the four years were 37.7% and 50.2% for the young and old orchards, respectively. These results identified that trees age should be considered when evaluating T and sustainably developing revegetation activities on the Loess Plateau and in other similar regions.

Технологии капельного орошения молодого миндального сада на террасах в предгорных условиях бассейна р. Кызылсу-Южная

The article presents the results of field experiments on the study of the technology of drip irrigation of a young almond orchard on terraces with clear cover with tillage soil surface, with use of mulching and overseeding of perennial grasses. In the variant with mulching, the minimum amount of irrigation observed – 24, with the irrigation norm – 1904 litre per tree. In other cases, the number of irrigation events increases from 8 to 23, respectively, the irrigation norms are 1.39 and 2.06 times.

Ectomycorrhizal fungal community structure in a young orchard of grafted and ungrafted hybrid chestnut saplings

Ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungal community of the European chestnut has been poorly investigated, and mostly by sporocarp sampling. We proposed the study of the ECM fungal community of 2-year-old chestnut hybrids Castanea × coudercii (Castanea sativa × Castanea crenata) using molecular approaches. By using the chestnut hybrid clones 111 and 125, we assessed the impact of grafting on ECM colonization rate, species diversity, and fungal community composition. The clone type did not have an impact on the studied variables; however, grafting significantly influenced ECM colonization rate in clone 111. Species diversity and richness did not vary between the experimental groups. Grafted and ungrafted plants of clone 111 had a different ECM fungal species composition. Sequence data from ITS regions of rDNA revealed the presence of 9 orders, 15 families, 19 genera, and 27 species of ECM fungi, most of them generalist, early-stage species. Thirteen new taxa were described in association with chestnuts. The basidiomycetes Agaricales (13 taxa) and Boletales (11 taxa) represented 36% and 31%, of the total sampled ECM fungal taxa, respectively. Scleroderma citrinum, S. areolatum, and S. polyrhizum (Boletales) were found in 86% of the trees and represented 39% of total ECM root tips. The ascomycete Cenococcum geophilum (Mytilinidiales) was found in 80% of the trees but accounted only for 6% of the colonized root tips. These results could help to unveil the impact of grafting on fungal symbionts, improving management of chestnut agro-ecosystems and production of edible fungal species.

Разпространение на Ilarviruses в черешови разсадници и новосъздадени градини

Sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) is one of the most important stone fruit species in Bulgaria. The species is known to be susceptible to more than 30 viruses. Among them are the important prune dwarf virus (PDV), prunus necrotic ringspot virus (PNRSV) and apple mosaic virus (ApMV), ilarviruses. Testing for these viruses is required in the certification schemes in order to provide virus-tested propagated material to the fruit-growing industry and to prevent their distribution by imported infected plant materials. Visual field surveys, followed by DAS-ELISA tests of 664 leaf samples collected in 2019 and 2020 from cherry trees grown in several nurseries and young orchards were conducted. PDV and PNRSV were serologically detected. ApMV was not detected in any of the tested one-year-old seedlings and young trees. The overall infection rate was 11.4%. PDV was the most frequent (7.4%), both in nurseries (7.2%) and in ‘young’ orchards (7.6%), followed by PNRSV – 4.1% in nurseries and 4.0% in ‘young’ orchards. The results showed differences in the average occurrence among the viruses in nurseries and the orchards, ranging from 0.9 % in a nursery (Plovdiv district) to 31.6% in one-year-old orchard (Petrich region).

Правове регулювання галузі розсадництва України

The authors have analyzed the role of the nursery practice in the agricultural economics of Ukraine. The specificity of the technologies, organizational structures has been described as well as the material means of the production of the planting stock of the fruit and small fruit crops and grape. The comprehensive enumeration of the legislative acts and normative and lawful documents has been presented with which the state regulates the economic and organizational and lawful relations in the above mentioned industries. The latest three years data have been presented concerning the state financial support of the economic agents that establish young orchards, vineyards and hop gardens. The purpose and state have been noted of building the scientific-manufacturer biotechnological hothouse complex for the production of the high quality basic material on the basis of the principal scientific institution of the horticultural branch - Institute of Horticulture of NAAS of Ukraine. The calculations have been presented contained in the Programmer of the Development of the Horticulture of Ukraine up to 2025 as regards the necessity of planting new orchards end small fruit plantations in order to meet the needs of the population and processing enterprises and increase the vitamin product’s export. The analysis was corried out of the indices of the energy expenditures on the establishment of a hectare of a grape plantation. The methods of the perennial crops growing reproduction have been depicted. The necessity of the transfer of the nursery, farms on the virus-free standard planting stock adapted to the soil and climatic conditions of the concrete region has been substantiated of as well as of the establishment of new parental plantation of fruit and small fruit crops and grape, creation of parental-seed and parental-cutting gardens, of parental gardens of the grapevine rootstocks and graft sticks and nurseries for manufacturing of the necessary amount of the planting stock of the modern crop and varietal composition in Ukraine. The analysis has been conducted of the changes in the legislature of Ukraine which could be useful for seed growing. The problems of the nursery sector have been determined that require solving yet at the legislative level. The concrete propositions must be presented in the form of the recurrent changes in the law of Ukraine ‘On Seeds and Planting Stock’.

Mango stem borers: New threat to mango in India

Mango stem borer has been observed to cause an alarming situation in old and young orchards posing a great threat to mango cultivation in India during the last decade. Five species of Batocera namely B.rufomacuata de Geer, B.rubus Linnaus, B.roylie Hope, B.numitor Newmen and B.titana Thompson have been reported infesting mango trees. Among them, B. rufomaculata, is increasingly becoming a menace in mango orchards across the country. The infestation is reported to be in the range of one to eight per cent depending upon maintenance of the orchards. Affected trees gradually loose their vigour, manifest drying of branches to in severe cases and even death ensues. The grubs are the damaging stage, they bore and eat below the bark, making tunnels, subsequently entering into main stem following feeding on wood causing damage. The fross coming out of the entry point indicates the presence of trunk borer in the mango tree. The severe damage results in yellowing of branches followed by drying of terminal shoots and branches ultimately leading to the death of whole tree, if not managed properly. This paper presents a detailed review of informations on their symptoms of damage, distribution, varietal reactions, alternate hosts, life history and the control measures.

Fungal Pathogens Associated With Canker Diseases of Almond in California.

Almond canker diseases are destructive and can reduce the yield as well as the lifespan of almond orchards. These diseases may affect the trunk and branches of both young and mature trees and can result in tree death soon after orchard establishment in severe cases. Between 2015 and 2018, 70 almond orchards were visited throughout the Central Valley of California upon requests from farm advisors for canker disease diagnosis. Two major canker diseases were identified, including Botryosphaeriaceae cankers and Ceratocystis canker. In addition, five less prevalent canker diseases were identified, including Cytospora, Eutypa, Diaporthe, Collophorina, and Pallidophorina canker. Seventy-four fungal isolates were selected for multilocus phylogenetic analyses of internal transcribed spacer region ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 and part of the translation elongation factor 1-α, β-tubulin, and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene sequences; 27 species were identified, including 12 Botryosphaeriaceae species, Ceratocystis destructans, five Cytospora species, Collophorina hispanica, four Diaporthe species, two Diatrype species, Eutypa lata, and Pallidophorina paarla. The most frequently isolated species were Ceratocystis destructans, Neoscytalidium dimidiatum, and Cytospora californica. Pathogenicity experiments on almond cultivar Nonpareil revealed that Neofusicoccum parvum, Neofusicoccum arbuti, and Neofusicoccum mediterraneum were the most virulent. Botryosphaeriaceae cankers were predominantly found in young orchards and symptoms were most prevalent on the trunks of trees. Ceratocystis canker was most commonly found in mature orchards and associated with symptoms found on trunks or large scaffold branches. This study provides a thorough examination of the diversity and pathogenicity of fungal pathogens associated with branch and trunk cankers of almond in California.

Sweet Orange Orchard Architecture Design, Fertilizer, and Irrigation Management Strategies under Huanglongbing-endemic Conditions in the Indian River Citrus District

The prevalence of Huanglongbing (HLB) in Florida has forced growers to search for new management strategies to optimize fruit yield in young orchards and enable earlier economic returns given the likelihood of HLB-induced yield reductions during later years. There has been considerable interest in modifying orchard architecture design and fertilizer and irrigation management practices as strategies for increasing profitability. Our objectives were to evaluate how different combinations of horticultural practices including tree density, fertilization methods, and irrigation systems affect growth, foliar nutrient content, fruit yield, and fruit quality of young ‘Valencia’ sweet orange [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck] trees during the early years of production under HLB-endemic conditions. The study was conducted in Fort Pierce, FL, from 2014 to 2020 on a 1- to 7-year-old orchard and evaluated the following treatments: standard tree density (358 trees/ha) and controlled-release fertilizer with microsprinkler irrigation (STD_dry_MS), high tree density (955 trees/ha) with fertigation and microsprinkler irrigation (HDS_fert_MS), and high tree density with fertigation and double-line drip irrigation (HDS_fert_DD). Annual foliar nutrient concentrations were usually within or higher than the recommended ranges throughout the study, with a tendency for decreases in several nutrients over time regardless of treatment, suggesting all fertilization strategies adequately met the tree nutrient demand. During fruit-bearing years, canopy volume, on a per-tree basis, was higher under STD_dry_MS (6.2–7.2 m3) than HDS_fert_MS (4.3–5.3 m3) or HDS_fert_DD (4.9–5.9 m3); however, high tree density resulted in greater canopy volume on an area basis, which explained the 86% to 300% increase in fruit yield per ha that resulted in moving from standard to high tree density. Although fruit yields per ha were generally greatest under HDS_fert_MS and HDS_fert_DD, they were lower than the 10-year Florida state average (26.5 Mg·ha−1) for standard tree density orchards, possibly due to the HLB incidence and the rootstock chosen. Although tree growth parameters and foliar nutrient concentrations varied in response to treatments, management practices that included high tree density and fertigation irrespective of irrigation systems produced the highest fruit yields and highest yield of solids. Soluble solids content (SSC) and titratable acidity (TA) were lower, and the SSC-to-TA ratio was highest under STD_dry_MS in 2016–17, with no treatment effects on quality parameters detected in other years. Both drip and microsprinkler fertigation methods sufficiently met tree nutrient demand at high tree density, but additional research is needed to determine optimal fertilization rates and better rootstock cultivars in young high-density sweet orange orchards under HLB-endemic conditions in the Indian River Citrus District.