Young Families Research Articles

Differences in activity and stability drive transposable element variation in tropical and temperate maize.

Much of the profound interspecific variation in genome content has been attributed to transposable elements (TEs). To explore the extent of TE variation within species, we developed an optimized open-source algorithm, panEDTA, to de novo annotate TEs in a pangenome context. We then generated a unified TE annotation for a maize pangenome derived from 26 reference-quality genomes, which reveals an excess of 35.1 Mb of TE sequences per genome in tropical maize relative to temperate maize. A small number (n = 216) of TE families, mainly LTR retrotransposons, drive these differences. Evidence from the methylome, transcriptome, LTR age distribution, and LTR insertional polymorphisms reveals that 64.7% of the variability is contributed by LTR families that are young, less methylated, and more expressed in tropical maize, whereas 18.5% is driven by LTR families with removal or loss in temperate maize. Additionally, we find enrichment for Young LTR families adjacent to nucleotide-binding and leucine-rich repeat (NLR) clusters of varying copy number across lines, suggesting TE activity may be associated with disease resistance in maize.

A Osteocondrose e a Traumatologia do Desporto

Osteochondrosis is defined as a failure in the endochondral ossification process. There is no consensus on the etiology, with multiple factors involved. The initial events in the pathogenesis remain uncertain, but evidence points to ischemic necrosis of the ossification center, located in the bone epiphysis. Each osteochondrosis has a homonymous clinical diagnosis assigned based on location. The most affected areas include the hip (Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease), knee (Osgood-Schlatter disease, Sinding-Larsen-Johansson disease), foot (Sever’s disease), elbow (Panner’s disease) and spine (Scheuermann’s disease). The most common clinical manifestations are mechanical pain and functional limitation during or after physical activity. Many injury prevention strategies involve educating young people, coaches, family members and monitoring symptoms. Early diagnosis and a structured approach allow, in most cases, clinical resolution and avoid long-term sequelae. Osteochondrosis was first described by König in 1887 and, despite more than a century of studies, there are still many challenging questions to elucidate to better understand this pathology.

A Mobile Application for Anticoagulation Management in Patients After Heart Valve Replacement: A Usability Study.

Individualized anticoagulation therapy is a major challenge for patients after heart valve replacement. Mobile applications assisted by Artificial intelligence (AI) have great potential to meet the individual needs of patients. The study aimed to develop an AI technology-assisted mobile application (app) for anticoagulation management, understand patients' acceptance of such applications, and determine its feasibility. After using the mobile application for anticoagulation management for 2weeks, patients, doctors, and nurses rated its usability using the System Usability Scale (SUS). Additionally, semi-structured interviews were conducted with some patients, doctors, and nurses to gain insights about their thoughts and suggestions regarding the procedure. The study comprised 80 participants, including 38 patients, 18 doctors, and 24 nurses. The average SUS score for patients was 82.37±5.45; for doctors, it was 84.17±5.82; and for nurses, it was 81.88±6.44. This means the patients, physicians, and nurses rated the app highly usable. Semi-structured interviews were conducted on the app's usability with 18 participants (six nurses, three physicians, and nine patients). The interview results revealed that patients found the application of anticoagulation management simple and convenient, with high expectations for a precise dosage recommendation of anticoagulant drugs. Some patients expressed concerns regarding personal information security. Both doctors and nurses believed that elderly patients needed assistance from young family members to use the app and that it could improve patients' anticoagulant self-management ability. Some nurses also mentioned that the use of the app brought great convenience for transitional care. This study confirmed the feasibility of using an AI technology-assisted mobile application for anticoagulation management in patients after heart valve replacement. To further develop this application, challenges lie in continuously improving the accuracy of recommended drug doses, obtaining family support, and ensuring information security.

Marriage Values of Middle-Aged Married Women: The Role of Marriage Values of Daughters in Young Adulthood and Family Socialization

Marriage Values of Middle-Aged Married Women: The Role of Marriage Values of Daughters in Young Adulthood and Family Socialization

Validation of the Employment Precariousness Scale and its associations with mental health outcomes: results from a prospective community-based study of pregnant women and their partners in Dresden, Germany

ObjectiveTo translate the Employment Precariousness Scale (EPRES) from Spanish into German (EPRES-Ge), adapt it to the German context, assess the psychometric properties and show prospective associations with mental health outcomes...

The Lived Experiences of Hospice Healthcare Workers Caring for Adolescents and Young Adults With Advanced Cancer: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis.

Objective: To understand the lived experience of healthcare workers who provide palliative care to adolescents and young adults living with advanced cancer. Methods: Interpretative phenomenological analysis was the design of this study. Hospice healthcare workers from four pediatric hospices across Canada were recruited through purposive sampling. Semistructured in-person interviews were conducted. Results: Eighteen hospice healthcare workers participated. Two superordinate themes were identified. First, balancing on the tightrope of uncertainty wherein hospice healthcare workers strive to do their best while aiming to take the path of least regret. This theme was underscored by a notion of doing for the adolescents and young adults. Second, acting as a proxy revolves around the importance of fostering relationships with adolescents and young adults through honesty and transparency. The cycle of protection between adolescents and young adults, families, and healthcare providers was emphasized. Conclusions: An action-focused orientation when supporting adolescents and young adults was shared by the healthcare workers. The need to do for adolescents and young adults and the need to protect not only the people they care for but also themselves. More exploration is needed on how healthcare workers who care for adolescents and young adults can be supported while better understanding coping mechanisms.

Older People Living Alone and Their Strategies to Face Life: Case Studies from Yogyakarta and West Sumatra

Across Indonesia, the dominant model for care and support in later life is for older people to live with or near younger family members. However, coresidence with an adult child or other close relative is not always attainable or preferred. There are conditions where older people live alone and cannot fully depend on their family members for care and support, be it for matters related to physical, economic, psychological, or spiritual needs. We examine how older people who live alone, live their lives and what strategies they pursue in facing life. The data presented in this paper are a subset of a larger comparative study on Older People’s Care Networks, which covered five disparate sites across Indonesia. This article focuses on evidence from West Sumatra and Yogyakarta. As our case studies illustrate, older people living alone is a diverse category, ranging from those with children, to those who are de facto childless or actually childless. Their security or vulnerability cannot simply be deduced from their household composition, but they require the understanding of how people create, maintain, and develop supportive networks and how they use agency in actively managing dependence, independence, and interdependence over the life course and in later life.

Sedentary parenting: a growing cause of childhood obesity in young families.

Sedentary parenting: a growing cause of childhood obesity in young families.

Supporting siblings during the critical illness hospitalization of a child: learning from experience.

Childhood critical illness impacts the entire family of the critically ill patient. Disruptions to usual family rhythms and routines, established relationships, physical relocations or shifts in caregivers, and the uncertainty about the patient's well-being can have significant impacts on siblings and other connected children in the family. Promoting and facilitating family interactions and engaging younger family members in the hospital experience have been shown to reduce patient and family anxiety, enhance family adaptation, and improve child and family outcomes. The critical care team can implement evidence-informed approaches to address and mitigate challenges for families and provide developmentally aligned support to impacted siblings. This conceptual paper describes the potential impacts of a critical illness hospitalization on siblings, approaches to supporting siblings, and practical interventions drawn from a synthesis of the current literature and the author's practice experience caring for critically ill children and their families. A traditional review and narrative analysis moderated by the authors and supported by lived experience. There is a range of impacts of a critical illness hospitalization on siblings and young family members of the patient. Providing consistent, transparent, and supportive child, sibling, and whole family-centered care can improve the experience and outcomes for the child and family.

The development and early success of the South Carolina two-generation community of practice to support family-serving professionals.

System-level initiatives are key to promoting health and well-being among young families, yet agencies and organizations who support those families often do not coordinate their delivery of supportive services and resources. We describe the South Carolina (SC) two-generation (2Gen) community of practice (CoP) and its early efforts to foster statewide adoption of "whole family" centered approaches. This mixed-methods study evaluated the impact of the CoP. Quantitative data were gathered from CoP participants to assess its impact on their increased knowledge and use of the 2Gen approach, as well as on new peer connections and individual professional development. Qualitative data were gathered on the perceived value of the CoP, as well as opportunities for growth. Data indicate that SC 2Gen CoP meetings have been well received by participants. Data from meeting evaluations demonstrate that the information increased participants' knowledge on the 2Gen approach and that it contributed to their growth and professional development. Meetings have also been effective in promoting connections between like-minded professionals, as well as in providing useful information to integrate 2Gen approaches into their work. These early findings demonstrate the continued need for the SC 2Gen CoP and its potential to grow into a robust outlet to support family-serving professionals in SC. More efforts are needed to promote systems coordination and integration among family-serving professionals. CoPs are one way to integrate system-level strategies, such as the 2Gen approach, to support family-serving professionals and enhance the integration of resources provided to families. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Intergenerational associations of maternal depression with daughters' family formation

AbstractObjectiveThis work investigates the potential associations between maternal major depressive disorder (MDD) and daughters' family formation behaviors, specifically the timing of marriage and first birth.BackgroundFamily and life course research has established the importance of intergenerational ties and linked lives for children's health, education, social life, and transition to adulthood more broadly. However, mothers' MDD has remained a relatively understudied factor shaping young people's family formation behaviors.MethodThe analyses used a sample of 1127 linked mother–father–daughter triads from the Chitwan Valley Family Study (CVFS) in Nepal. Discrete‐time event‐history models at the month level were run to assess whether daughters' differential exposure to maternal MDD was prospectively associated with entry into marital unions and parenthood.ResultsAlthough there was no relationship between maternal lifetime MDD and daughters' family formation, results showed that being first exposed to maternal MDD during childhood, specifically between the ages of 0 and 10, increased the monthly odds of transitioning to parenthood by more than 80%. Additional findings showed that an increased pace of getting married was a primary determinant of accelerated childbearing.ConclusionDaughters' exposure to mothers' depression was associated with daughters' family formation transitions. The timing of exposure, however, was a particularly important driver of that association. We argue that the study of parents' mental ill‐health provides untapped opportunity for future intergenerational research.

Shah Alam as Car-free Cities to Improve Urban Mobility among Young Families

Shah Alam as Car-free Cities to Improve Urban Mobility among Young Families

Social protection of young families as a factor of trust in the state: sociological view

Social protection of young families as a factor of trust in the state: sociological view

The Role of the Family Under Conditions of a Modern Multicultural Ethnic Group: A Vector of Legislative Development

The relevance of research: the editor-in-chief’s column analyzes the topic and content of the key heading of the current issue of the journal “Legal Concept = Pravovaya Paradigma” entitled “The institution of the family in the era of global changes: the socio-ethical and entrepreneurial context in law”. The prepared issue deals with the questions discussed at the international round table of the same name, held at Volgograd State University on March 29, 2024. The prerequisites for the selection and the problems of legal support of the issues selected for the discussion sessions of the international round table in the context of the Concept of State Family Policy of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2025, as well as a set of measures carried out during this period and aimed at popularizing the state policy in the field of family protection and preservation of traditional values are outlined. The scientific and practical significance of the papers presented in the feature topic of the issue is analyzed. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that a comprehensive intersectoral study of the legal regulation of family relations in the most relevant spheres of public life in the context of the state family policy of the Russian Federation has been conducted, as well as specific proposals and recommendations for improving the relevant theoretical and regulatory framework have been formulated. The methodological framework for intersectoral legal research has traditionally been made up of the general scientific methods of cognition used in the social sciences and humanities in general, including in law. Among the most significant general methods of cognition are the method of historical materialism, as well as the general logical methods: analysis, synthesis, the method of analogy, induction, deduction. The special and private methods are presented in the scientific papers of the heading mainly by the formal legal and comparative law methods. The results of the study: the analysis of the relevance of the papers selected for the heading “The feature topic of the issue”, their novelty, the results obtained and their scientific and practical significance is carried out. The commentary of the current family legislation and the proposed legislative initiative on amending Article 2 of Federal Law No. 489-FZ of December 30, 2022 “On Youth Policy in the Russian Federation” is presented. The lack of a uniform understanding of the family in both the legislation and doctrine has been established. The analysis of the relationship between the concepts of “young family” and “student family” is carried out, the qualifying factors of a student family are established. The author has analyzed the scientific papers concerned with: the theoretical and practical issues of protecting family values in Russian law; the prospects for the legal regulation of property relations between spouses when concluding a marriage contract using digital technologies in terms of the content of the conditions for concluding a marriage contract as an effective tool for resolving property disputes in the family; the legal nature and problems of the legal regulation of the surrogacy contract; the prospects and main directions of the state policy of the Russian Federation in the field of family entrepreneurship; notarial documents in electronic format as a means of proof in the field of marital and family relations; the role and importance of the institution of private prosecution for the protection of victims of domestic violence. Conclusions: the necessity of the legislative consolidation of the definition of the concept of “family” is proved, which is due to both practical and theoretical expediency, the creation of an effective mechanism for the legal protection of the family, ensuring the stability of the family in Russian society and the state. The definition of “student family” is proposed. The conclusions of the authors of scientific papers on the feature topic of the issue are supported: on the expediency of amending Art. 1 of The Family Code of the Russian Federation with a new principle dedicated to the protection of family values, which will allow for a more clearly normative fixation of this vector of state policy; on the need to legislate the possibility of concluding a marriage contract in electronic form; on the timeliness of improving the regulatory framework aimed at supporting and developing family entrepreneurship, including simplifying the registration and licensing procedures, reducing the tax burden, the development of specialized programs to support and stimulate innovation; about the importance of grouping electronic evidence provided by a notary into a separate type, as well as establishing signs that allow identifying this proof; about the insufficient effectiveness of private prosecution in protecting the rights, freedoms and legitimate interests of citizens and the need to solve this problem by broadening the powers of a justice of the peace.

The Impact of the Communities that Care Approach in Reducing Violence and Crime Within an Urban, High-Burden Community.

Community violence and crime are significant public health problems with serious and lasting effects on young people, families, and communities. This violence and crime have significant ripple effects, affecting not just those who are directly physically injured, but also those who witness violent episodes, those who have friends or loved ones killed or injured, and those who must everyday navigate streets that they know have been frequent sites of serious violence and crime. The current study presents evidence of the impact that a data-driven, collective impact approach - the Communities that Care prevention system - can have on violence and crime outcomes within a large urban, high-burden community. Established as one of the national Youth Violence Prevention Centers (YVPC) funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the Chicago Center for Youth Violence Prevention is among the first to implement the CTC approach in a large, urban community. The current study's findings show reductions in violence (i.e., aggravated assaults and robberies) in the Bronzeville community, compared to similar communities in Chicago.

The Deferred African American Dream Depicted in Harlem by Langston Hughes and Lorraine Hansberry's a Raisin in the Sun

This research analyzes how the American Dream is represented and why the depiction of the dream is written as a dream "deferred" in Langston Hughes's poem Harlem and Lorraine Hansberry's play A Raisin in the Sun. Systemic racism and economic limitations have historically prevented many African Americans from achieving the American Dream, their dream in this case being equal opportunity and financial stability. This research uses qualitative methods, based on the Sociology of Literature theory of Rene Wellek and Austin Warren, to analyze how Hughes and Hansberry depict the American dream and the effects of African Americans' challenges in pursuing their aspirations in the 1950s. The result of this study shows that The American Dream for the Younger family includes a decent home, a fulfilling job, and educational opportunities. Mama's desire for a better home reflects the aspirations of African Americans. Despite obstacles, Mama remains resilient, supporting Walter's business ambitions and Beneatha's dream of becoming a doctor. Economic limitations and racial discrimination pose challenges, impacting the family's well-being. Yet, their unity and determination symbolize resilience. Hughes' "Harlem" highlights the consequences of deferred dreams, mirroring the family's struggles. These narratives underscore the importance of perseverance and unity in pursuing the American Dream amidst adversity.

AİLƏLƏRDƏ APARILAN MÜASİR TƏRBİYƏVİ İŞLƏRİN BƏZİ XÜSUSİYYƏTLƏRİ

The Role of Family in National Education Summary In article is investigated the role of family in national education, also analysis and showed the roles and importance of father, mother, member of family in a contemporary education process. The new feature and application of this character learned to Azerbaijani children national proudness, unity, honor, fanaticism to motherland. Article is necessary for each young family and pedagogue. Different models, notes have a great educational importance. Key words: national education, family education, penetration of father, educational system, psychology of a child

Results of the Far East Mortgage Program for Consumers, Developers, and the Government

The volume of mortgage loans issued in eleven regions of the Far Eastern Federal District at the end of 2023 increased 2.5 times by the start of the Far Eastern Mortgage program in 2020. The most interesting result of the program is an increase in demand for primary real estate and a simultaneous decrease in the affordability of this housing. Since the start of the program, prices have increased by 116% vs. 26% while maintaining historical growth rates. By the end of 2021, the price of an apartment, including interest under the Far East Program, has become higher than that of an apartment while maintaining the historical rate of price appreciation under the family mortgage rate. The program has effectively made housing less affordable. The main conclusion is that for program participants (young families under 35), the most effective benefit of stimulating home buying is lower interest payments, not down payments. The main beneficiaries of rising prices and the scale of lending are developers. Considering the increased price of construction materials, the developers’ margin in the Far Eastern Federal District in 2023 increased to 58%. On the one hand, the government has achieved its goal of boosting the housing market in the Far East and has found an effective tool to encourage young families to buy real estate. This is evidenced by the extension of the program until 2030. On the other hand, several economic shocks led to a significant increase in the key interest rate and the accompanying growth of the program implementation costs.

‘Help Shelter Mend a Broken Family’: Homes, Homelessness, and Crisis in 1960s Britain

Abstract In 1966, a new homelessness charity, Shelter, set out to redefine the homeless as impoverished families enduring poor or insecure housing rather than single men living on the street. Through a series of ‘hard-hitting’ reports and adverts, the group highlighted the destructiveness of poor housing on young families and gained a prominent national voice. This article examines Shelter’s campaigns in the 1960s to examine how debates about homes and homelessness can reframe the development of discourses of ‘crisis’ that defined the 1970s and provided a key narrative of Thatcherism. It focuses on how Shelter deployed ideas of childhood, family, and the family home, often echoing theories of leading child psychiatrists of the post-war period, to warn of the profound and acute danger that the housing crisis represented to British society. Shelter’s prominent and successful adverts and campaigns drew on growing anxieties about social and economic crisis, but did not discuss key issues of unemployment, racial discrimination, and deindustrialization. Instead, Shelter’s campaigns focused on the damage poor housing did to family life and the education and life chances of individual children. Discourses of crisis in this period are often associated with ‘inner cities’ and failing reconstruction schemes, but Shelter presented an image of social crisis that was centred in the family and the family home. By analysing how Shelter drew on fears about the coming social crisis, the article suggests that the family home and the life chances of individuals were central to popular understandings and perceptions of crisis before the 1970s.

Evaluation of the effectiveness of online research groups in increasing research capacity among young African Family Physicians

ABSTRACT Introduction Low research output is hindering efforts to improve health services in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). AfriWon Research Group of WONCA Africa has established an online collaborative research mentorship and training programme to boost research capacity among Family Physicians in SSA. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of the programme in achieving this goal. Methodology A mixed-method descriptive cross-sectional study was used to interview the 54 members of the 2022 SOGER cohort. Structured questionnaires and key informant interviews of 12 members were used to collect data. Quantitative analysis was done using Epi Info version 7.2.5. Descriptive statistics were used to present data using frequencies and percentages. Qualitative analysis was then done by using Nvivo®. Results The 54 participants practised in 10 SSA countries and were mostly males 28 (51.9%) with a mean age of 41.56 ± 2.04 years. The majority of them 33 (61.1%) have had some form of research experience prior to joining SOGER. Members identified key benefits of the programme as fostering collaboration, mentorship and continuing education 46 (85.2%); and improvement of research skills 33 (61.1%). Barriers identified were poor collaboration and participation among members 37 (68.5%); irregular meeting schedules as a result of the different time zones 18 (33.3%); and poor internet facilities 19 (35.2%). Conclusion The SOGER programme was rated as very effective in increasing the research capacity of young FPs and helping participants engage with other researchers and develop research skills. Identified areas of improvement were difficulty meeting set group targets, irregular meetings and conflicting work schedules.