Young Adult Relationships Research Articles

“Don’t tell me how to tell my story”: Exploring young people’s perceptions around what it means to ‘feel (mis)understood’ by adults in supporting roles

The subjective and emotional experience of feeling (mis)understood by another person is distinct from being literally (mis)understood. While there is literature exploring young people’s experiences of feeling (mis)understood in therapeutic or clinical settings by adults and the impacts thereof, there is limited exploration of young people’s conceptualisations and perspectives of feeling (mis)understood within a range of young person-supporting adult relationships. This paper reports on the first stage of a project that was co-designed and co-produced by young people, exploring how young people experience and conceptualise ‘feeling (mis)understood’ in the context of receiving support from adults in their lives. This initial stage of the project captures young people’s views on what feeling (mis)understood feels like, its impact on their mental health, and how adults can help young people to feel understood. Conceptualisation, design, fieldwork, analysis and writing were all co-produced with peer-researchers. Data for this project was generated through four workshops each held in England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. A total of 26 participants aged between 16 and 24 years of age took part in these workshops, and each workshop was facilitated by two peer-researchers and a member of university staff. Data was analysed through collaborative thematic analysis. The study found that feeling understood by supporting adults has a very positive impact on young people’s wellbeing, mental health and help-seeking behaviour. Feeling misunderstood was found to have the converse effect, and in addition was found to make young people less likely to seek further support. Young people also identified a number of key actions adults can take to help the young people they support feel better understood. The findings of this research suggest that practitioners in the health and social care sector working with young people should consider the ways in which they can help young people feel better understood.

O045 Sleep Duration is Associated with Young Adult's Heart Rate Variability Response to Stress

Abstract Introduction Young adulthood is a critical developmental period typified by heightened exposure to stress, and a tendency towards insufficient sleep. The relationship between sleep loss and stress may have lifelong health consequences. Currently, our understanding of this relationship in young adults is limited. Heart rate variability (HRV) is an important indicator of balance in the autonomic nervous system. We examined the association between sleep duration and HRV in response to cognitive stressors. Methods Seventy-six young adults (M=20.6±1.9, 72.4% female) who self-identified as short sleepers were recruited. Habitual sleep duration was monitored with actigraphy for two weeks. Participants subsequently underwent an in-lab experiment where their HRV was recorded during baseline, and during a cognitive stress condition involving the completion of computerised cognitive stress tasks. Participants also reported their habitual stress levels and sleep quality. Results Actigraphy assessment revealed that participants slept within the recommended sleep durations (M=7.8±0.7). The participants reported high habitual stress but normal sleep quality. Our moderation analysis indicates that shorter sleep duration was associated with elevated HRV during the cognitively demanding tasks. Conclusions Our findings demonstrate an association between sleep duration and HRV in the context of a cognitive stressor, indicating that sleep and stress are related in young adults. An unexpected negative relationship between sleep duration and HRV during the cognitively demanding tasks suggests complexity in this relationship; however, we should still look to reduce stress and improve sleep where we can in young adults. This association may be better understood via direct manipulation of sleep duration.

Age-related, multivariate associations between white matter microstructure and behavioral performance in three executive function domains

The executive function (EF) domains of working memory (WM), response inhibition (RI), and set shifting (SS) show maturational gains and are linked to neuroimaging-measured brain changes. This study explored ways in which maturation-linked differences in EF abilities are systematically associated with white matter microstructural differences from adolescence into young adulthood. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and nine neurocognitive tests were collected from 120 healthy subjects ages 12–24. Analyses across the white matter skeleton were performed, focusing on fractional anisotropy (FA). Data were ‘fused’ using a multivariate technique (CCA+jICA), producing four independent components (ICs) depicting white matter FA values that covaried with test performance. Correlations between age and IC loading coefficients identified three EF-DTI profiles that may change developmentally. In one, SS performance was linked to greater reliance on the FA of ventral brain tracts, and less on dorsal tracts with age. In another, white matter microstructure was related to a pattern of strong WM and weak SS that became more pronounced with age. A final IC revealed that younger individuals with low RI and high WM/SS skills typically matured out of this cognitive imbalance, underscored by white matter changes with age. These novel multivariate results begin to emphasize the complexity of brain structure-cognition relationships in adolescents and young adults.

Hippocampal and amygdala volumes vary with residential proximity to toxicants at Birmingham, Alabama's 35th Avenue Superfund site.

Exposure to environmental toxicants have serious implications for the general health and well-being of children, particularly during pivotal neurodevelopmental stages. The Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Superfund program has identified several areas (Superfund sites) across the United States with high levels of environmental toxicants, which affect the health of many residents in nearby communities. Exposure to these environmental toxicants has been linked to changes in the structure and function of the brain. However, limited research has investigated the relationship between the proximity of childhood homes to a Superfund site and the development of subcortical structures like the hippocampus and amygdala. The present study investigated the hippocampal and amygdala volumes of young adults in relation to the proximity of their childhood homes to Birmingham, Alabama's 35th Avenue Superfund site. Forty participants who either lived within or adjacent to the Superfund site (Proximal group; n = 20) or who lived elsewhere in the greater Birmingham metropolitan area (Distal group; n = 20) were included in this study. Both groups were matched on age, sex, race, and years of education. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to compare the gray matter volume of the hippocampus and amygdala between groups. Differences in bilateral hippocampal and left amygdala volumes were observed. Specifically, hippocampal and amygdala volumes were greater in the Proximal than Distal group. These findings suggest that the proximity of children's homes to environmental toxicants may impact the development of the hippocampus and amygdala. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

Moderating Effect of eHealth Literacy on the Associations of Coronaphobia With Loneliness, Irritability, Depression, and Stigma in Chinese Young Adults: Bayesian Structural Equation Model Study.

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to an increase in known risk factors for mental health problems. Although medical information available through the internet and smartphones has greatly expanded, people's ability to seek, eschew, and use reliable web-based medical information and services to promote their mental health remains unknown. This study aims to explore the associations between coronaphobia and 4 frequently reported mental health problems, loneliness, irritability, depression, and stigma, during the COVID-19 pandemic and to assess the moderating effects of eHealth literacy (eHL) on the adjustment of these relationships in Chinese young adults. The data used in this study were collected from a web-based survey of the general Chinese population, aged between 18 and 30 years, conducted in China between December 2022 and January 2023. A nonprobability snowball sampling method was used for data collection. A Bayesian structural equation model (BSEM) using parameter expansion was used to estimate the moderating effect of eHL on the relationship between coronaphobia and psychological problems. The posterior mean and 95% highest density intervals (HDIs) were estimated. A total of 4119 participants completed the questionnaire and provided valid responses. Among them, 64.4% (n=2653) were female and 58.7% (n=2417) were rural residents. All measures showed statistically significant but minor-to-moderate associations (correlation coefficients ranged from -0.04 to 0.65). Significant heterogeneity was observed between rural and urban residents at the eHL level, and coronaphobia was observed. The BSEM results demonstrated that eHL was a significant moderator in reducing the negative effects of coronaphobia on loneliness (posterior mean -0.0016, 95% HDI -0.0022 to -0.0011), depression (posterior mean -0.006, 95% HDI -0.0079 to -0.004), stigma (posterior mean -0.0052, 95% HDI -0.0068 to -0.0036), and irritability (posterior mean -0.0037, 95% HDI -0.0052 to -0.0022). The moderating effects of eHL varied across the rural and urban subsamples. Using BSEM, this study demonstrated that improving eHL can significantly mitigate the negative effects of coronaphobia on 4 COVID-19-related mental health problems in Chinese young adults. Future eHL initiatives should target rural communities to ensure equal access to information and resources that can help protect their mental health during the pandemic.

Being alone, together: How does design shape social interactions and relationships of young adults in Singapore

Studying the social interactions and relationships of young adults in Singapore, this paper seeks to understand the issue of social disconnection and how design shapes them. Young adults face the challenge of navigating the complex lifestyle of a smart city while balancing their ever expanding and fluctuating social network. As such, it causes them to feel disconnected in their social interactions and relationships. By considering these questions: What does it mean to be connected? What is the role of product design in people’s relationships? Why do young adults feel disconnected in a technologically connected society? How can design establish a truly connected society? it will evaluate how products could be designed and created for genuine interactions and fulfilling relationships. From the surveys, interviews, observations, case studies and literature readings in this study, it reveals the social disconnection young adults face in a connected city, how they navigate in a technological environment, and how experiences are designed for connection. It also shows that design plays a vital role in tackling the social disconnection young adults face. Designing with a human-centric approach not only creates an opportunity for people to create meaningful relationships using technology, but also maintains the spontaneous and fluid elements of social connections through prompting interactions. Additionally, it has been found that design is only a platform where they can initiate these interactions and relationships, the decision to disconnect remain with the human user as much as devices have been designed to lead to certain decisions being made.

A Multilevel Approach to Sibling Warmth and Conflict among Korean Young Adults by Gender: Roles of Sibling and Parent-Child Characteristics

The purpose of this study was to examine which sibling and parent-child characteristics were associated with siblisng warmth and conflict among Korean young adults. The data came from an online survey of Koreans aged 19-34 years who had at least one sibling and two living parents. We conducted a multilevel regression analysis using data from 193 men with 305 siblings and 203 women with 286 siblings. The results showed that, for men, the levels of warmth were higher when the sibling was younger, when they received more frequent financial and instrumental support from the sibling, and when maternal favoritism was relatively lower. Women reported higher levels of warmth when the sibling was a sister, when they provided more frequent support for the sibling, when they had a more affectionate relationship with the mother, and when paternal favoritism was lower. As for sibling conflict, the number of siblings was positively associated with the levels of conflict among both men and women. Maternal affection was negatively related with conflict for men, and paternal favoritism was positively related to conflict for women. Interestingly, women’s sibling warmth and conflict were both higher when the sibling was a sister, which meant that relationships between sisters tended to be ambivalent. This study contributes to our understandings of Koreans’ sibling relationships in young adulthood.

The Feasibility and the Therapeutic Process Factors of Online vs. Face-to-Face Multifamily Therapy for Adults with High-Functioning Autism Spectrum Disorder in Hong Kong: A Multi-Method Study

The need to expand knowledge of family-based intervention for people with ASD has been observed. However, there is a lack of study in Chinese context such as Hong Kong exploring the use of multifamily therapy (MFT) for adults with ASD. The primary aim of the present study is to assess the feasibility of a process-oriented MFT in promoting family relationships for young adults with high functioning-ASD (HF-ASD) and their parents. We also sought to explore the therapeutic process factors of MFT that were deemed helpful by the family participants in our study. Two types of MFT—one online, the other face-to-face—were conducted from March to August 2021 for families with adults with HF-ASD in Hong Kong. In total, 13 families participated in our multi-method study. Among the results, cross-family therapeutic alliance and treatment engagement were positively associated with enhanced family relationships among participants. Significant differences emerged in changes in the cross-family therapeutic alliance and family relationships between the online and face-to-face MFTs. Two themes regarding the helpful aspects of MFT emerged: first, having a cross-family interactional context and, second, the authentic engagement of people with HF-ASD. Overall, our results imply that MFT, in either online or face-to-face mode, could be a feasible family group psychotherapy for adults with HF-ASD and their parents.

The OVERT NARCISSISM AND ITS IMPACT ON INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS OF YOUNG ADULTS

The current research examined the relationship between overt narcissism and interpersonal relationship among young adults. A correlational research design was employed to assess the relationship among studied variable. Grandiose Narcissism Scale and Relationship questionnaire scale was used to collect responses from participants. A sample of N= 200 participants of age range 18-24 (M=21.6, SD =1.25) was selected through purposive sampling from Government and private universities. Grandiose Narcissism Scale and Relationship questionnaire scale was employed to assess overt narcissism and interpersonal relationship respectively. It was hypothesized that there would be a significant positive relationship between overt narcissism and interpersonal relationship among young adults. It also hypothesized that there was a significant gender difference in overt narcissism and interpersonal relationships among young adults. The date was analyzed through SPSS (Version 20). Descriptive statistics such as frequencies and percentages was run for demographic variables. The Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient was employed to assess the relationship between overt narcissism and interpersonal relationships. Independent T-Test used to administer gender differences. The result showed that there is no significant relationship between overt narcissism and interpersonal relationships of young adults. Moreover, it showed that females are more prone to overt narcissism as compared to males. The results are discussed in the light of literature.

A shared love: reciprocity and hopefulness in romantic relationships of young adults with chronic pain.

Chronic pain (≥3 months) creates pain-related challenges that may negatively affect how young adults perceive themselves, and, indeed, they often report feeling different compared to peers and prospective romantic partners. Most studies of romantic relationships in young adults living with a long-term condition (including pain), do not consider the perspective of their partner. We present the findings of a qualitative, exploratory interview study (Phase 2 of a mixed methods study). This qualitative phase aimed to explore how young adults with chronic pain and their partners navigate romantic relationships. We focused on how young adults perceive and experience their romantic relationships and the impact, challenges, and benefits associated with living with chronic pain. This study used remote (videoconferencing) photo-elicitation interviews with a convenience sample of young adults with chronic pain (aged 18-25 years, UK and Canada) and their partners. Recruitment occurred via social media, pain-related websites and organizations, and professional networks. Five young adults with chronic pain from the UK and Canada formed the e-Advisory Group and provided detailed advice throughout the study. Data analysis used the principles of inductive reflexive thematic analysis to explore the dimensions and meaning of romantic relationships from the views of young adults with chronic pain and their romantic partners. Sixteen young adults participated (seven couples plus two young adults with pain who were interviewed without their partner). The young adults with chronic pain were ages 18-24 years (mean 21.88 years, SD 2.23). Four major interpretive themes were generated: Kindred spirits-we just sort of work; Loving in everyday acts-it's not above and beyond, it's concerned supportiveness; It's OK to be vulnerable with each other-we can talk it through; and You can't see over the horizon-hopes and fears for the future. Hopefulness and reciprocity were key to the stories shared by the young adults in the current study. Despite the challenges and limitations imposed by chronic pain, their relationships were characterized by partnership and reciprocity, and they were able to be vulnerable with each other and offer each other support.

Inequalities in associations between young adult caregiving and social relationships: Evidence from the UK Household Longitudinal Study.

Young adult caregivers (aged 16-29 years) are an important but underrecognizedgroup of informal caregivers. There is some evidence suggesting that young adult caregivers have fewer social relationships. However, this research has been largely cross-sectional in design or restricted to caregivers, providing no comparison with noncaregivers. Further, there is little evidence on whether and to what extent there are inequalities in associations between young adult caregiving and social relationships by gender, age, caregiving intensity, or household income. Using five waves of data on 3-4000 young adults aged 16-29 from the UK Household Longitudinal Study, we investigated associations between becoming a young adult caregiver and subsequent social relationships (number of close friends and participation in organized social activities) in the short-term (1-2 years after caregiving initiation) and longer-term (4-5 years later). We also assessed differences by gender, age, household income, and caregiving intensity. Overall, those who became young adult caregivers, and particularly those providing 5+ h/week, reported fewer friends in the short- but not longer-term. No associations were observed between young adult caregiving and participation in organized social activities. Also, there was no evidence of differences by gender, age, income, or caregiving hours. Becoming a young adult caregiver is associated with a reduction in number of close friends, particularly in the short-term. Given the importance of practical and emotional support provided by friends, the early identification of young adult caregivers and greater population awareness of caring in young adulthood may help to mitigate the effects on social relationships.

Do adolescence peer victimization experiences hamper healthy relationships in young adulthood?

ABSTRACT The current study examines whether peer victimization experienced in early adolescence is associated with compromised social functioning 14 years later in young adulthood. The sample involved 1533 young adults (65.1% female, Mage = 27.06) who had participated in a large research project as middle school students (7th and 8th graders, with 13–14 years of age at wave 1) in Finland. Self-reported victimization during 1 year in middle school across three time points (waves 1–3) was first used to predict young adults' romantic relationship satisfaction and victimization at workplace (wave 4), while controlling for gender and initial grade level. The model suggested that peer victimization was associated with lower level of romantic relationship satisfaction and an increased risk for workplace victimization. When middle school depression, social anxiety, and bullying perpetration were added as covariates, peer victimization in middle school was no longer directly related to romantic relationship satisfaction. Peer victimization and bullying perpetration were each predictive of workplace victimization in this model. Adolescence bullying perpetration did not moderate the impact of victimization on adult outcomes. The findings suggest that the prevention of bullying and peer victimization as well as depression in adolescence is important to lower the long-term risks for social adjustment.

Psychoactive Comfort Products or Snacks: How Chinese Young Adults Perceive the Potentially Addictive Nature of E-Cigarettes.

The potential health value and pitfalls of e-cigarettes are currently under dispute in the scientific community. Exploring young adult e-cigarette users' perceptions would assist in adding a public dimension of understanding to the literature and in scientific public health decision making. Therefore, in this study, we collected and analyzed data from interviews with young adult (n = 14) e-cigarette users and found that many referred to e-cigarettes as "snacks," indicating that they considered that both their frequency of use and addiction were manageable and that they could stop using e-cigarettes at any time. To further understand the behavior of Chinese young adults in relation to their perception of e-cigarettes as a "snack", the study developed a social context framework (crossroads model) and psychological judgment model to explain how youth e-cigarette users' perception of "controlled addiction and ready cessation" arises. These models can be used to assess the effectiveness of e-cigarette policy.

Cancer burden among adolescents and young adults in relation to childhood adversity: a nationwide life-course cohort study of 1.2 million individuals.

Childhood adversity such as poverty, loss of a parent, and dysfunctional family dynamics may be associated with exposure to environmental and behavioral hazards, interfere with normal biological functions, and affect cancer care and outcomes. To explore this hypothesis, we assessed the cancer burden among young men and women exposed to adversity during childhood. We undertook a population-based study using Danish nationwide register data on childhood adversity and cancer outcomes. Children who were alive and resident in Denmark until their 16th birthday were followed into young adulthood (16-38 years). Group-based multi-trajectory modelling was used to categorize individuals into five distinct groups: low adversity, early material deprivation, persistent material deprivation, loss/threat of loss, and high adversity. We assessed the association with overall cancer incidence, mortality, and five-year case fatality; and cancer specific outcomes for the four most common cancers in this age group in sex-stratified survival analyses. 1,281,334 individuals born between Jan 1, 1980, and Dec 31, 2001, were followed up until Dec 31, 2018, capturing 8229 incident cancer cases and 662 cancer deaths. Compared to low adversity, women who experienced persistent material deprivation carried a slightly lower risk of overall cancer (hazard ratio (HR) 0.90; 95% CI 0.82; 0.99), particularly due to malignant melanoma and brain and central nervous system cancers, while women who experienced high adversity carried a higher risk of breast cancer (HR 1.71; 95% CI 1.09; 2.70) and cervical cancer incidence (HR 1.82; 95% CI 1.18; 2.83). While there was no clear association between childhood adversity and cancer incidence in men, those men who had experienced persistent material deprivation (HR 1.72; 95% CI 1.29; 2.31) or high adversity (HR 2.27; 95% CI 1.38; 3.72) carried a disproportionate burden of cancer mortality during adolescence or young adulthood compared to men in the low adversity group. Childhood adversity is associated with a lower risk of some subtypes of cancer and a higher risk of others, particular in women. Persistent deprivation and adversity are also associated with a higher risk of adverse cancer outcomes for men. These findings may relate to a combination of biological susceptibility, health behaviors and treatment-related factors. None.

Young Adults and their Parents: The (Mis)understandings that Construct Mental Illness

While public awareness about young people’s mental health has been on the rise, the context in which it is studied has many gaps. Adolescent mental health is often studied within the context of family relationships but the same is not true for young adults over 18 years old. Drawing on interviews with young adults who have mental illness and their parents, I found that the parent-child relationship is a relevant context in which ideas about what mental illness is are constructed. Through the conscious presentation of self within the unique expectations of this relationship and the feedback from parents or children, young adults construct definitions of mental illness which guide their ideas of self and actions in the relationship. By considering this specific relationship and life stage, I hope to contribute to a more specific understanding of the social construction of mental illness and to highlight its practical implications in the lives and relationships of young adults.

Psychological Adjustment Profiles of LGBTQ+ Young Adults Residing with Their Parents during the COVID-19 Pandemic: An International Study

The COVID-19 pandemic has been associated with poor mental health symptoms, particularly among vulnerable populations such as LGBTQ+ individuals. In the present study, we aimed to (i) identify different psychological adjustment profiles among LGBTQ+ young adults during the COVID-19 pandemic and compare LGBTQ+ young adults in relation to (ii) sociodemographic characteristics and COVID-19-related experiences and (iii) the internal and external protective resources associated with each adjustment profile. An online questionnaire was administered to 1699 LGBTQ+ young adults from six countries (Brazil, Chile, Italy, Portugal, Sweden, and the UK). A cluster analysis was conducted, and four profiles of psychological adjustment were identified: unchallenged, resilient, distressed, and at-risk. The at-risk cluster scored lowest in social support (particularly from family). The profiles of participants who experienced the highest levels of pandemic adversity (at-risk and resilient) comprised mostly South American participants, those under lockdown at the time of survey completion, those who self-identified as transgender and non-binary, and those with a plurisexual sexual orientation. Interventions should consider strategies to help young adults maintain support systems and reinforce the value of positive family relationships. Specific groups within the LGBTQ+ community that seem to be in a particularly vulnerable situation may need additional tailored support.

Changes in the periodontium against the background of systemic vascular reactions in young individuals with obesity.

Overweight and obesity are defined as abnormal or excessive fat accumulation that impairs health. The global prevalence of obesity has been increasing significantly among all age groups. Furthermore, obesity is a comorbid factor for numerous diseases, including cardiovascular and periodontal pathologies. The present study aimed to investigate the influence of overweight and obesity on the periodontium of young adults in relation to the functional state of the cardiovascular system. The oral health status of 132 males and females aged 18-22 years was examined. They were divided into 4 groups according to their body mass index (BMI): normal weight; overweight; class I obesity; and class II obesity. A periodontal chart, the records on oral hygiene and caries, and periodontal indices were provided for each participant. The main functional parameters of the cardiovascular system were measured before and after the dental examination. Overweight or obesity did not affect the intensity of caries in young adults. The prevalence and severity of gingivitis were significantly higher in obese individuals. A moderate correlation was found between gingivitis and BMI in patients with class I and II obesity. Disturbances in the cardiovascular system function and in the autonomic nervous system tone were also diagnosed in obese patients. An impaired vascular response and significant functional changes in the cardiovascular system developed against the background of obesity. These changes show the development of subcompensation in young adults with obesity. In obese individuals, significantly worse oral hygiene was observed as compared to normalBMI patients. Moreover, the clinical manifestation and intensity of gingivitis in obese individuals were high even in those with satisfactory oral hygiene. In young obese individuals, the periodontal disease manifested as gingivitis is due to significant adaptive and compensatory mechanisms.

The bidirectional associations of rumination with values-based action and depression among young adults in the school-to-work transition

BackgroundSchool-to-work transition is crucial for young adults, requiring them to maintain their values-based action, even though this task is likely to cause rumination associated with depression. In the HExAGoN model, individuals with rumination tend to engage in abstract-analytic thought (AAT) but not in concrete-experiential thought (CET). Although this inflexible style of thought is assumed to decrease values-based action and increase depression, no empirical research has examined these relationships in young adults during their transition period. Therefore, this study examined the bidirectional relationships between AAT, CET, depression, and values-based action in young adults. MethodsA one-year five-wave longitudinal survey was conducted on 756 third-year university students who engaged in job searches in Japan. Cross-lagged panel model and random-intercept cross-lagged panel model were used to estimate the bidirectional relationships at the between-person and within-person levels, respectively. ResultsAAT and CET had bidirectional associations with depression and values-based action at the between-person level. Furthermore, CET decreased depression and marginally improved values-based action at the within-person level. LimitationsThe study comprised only university students in Japan and had a high attrition rate. ConclusionsThe findings suggest that CET can reduce depression and improve values-based action in young adults undergoing the transition. It may also expand the understanding of the treatment and prevention of depression in young adults.

Functional Capacity Of Young Adults After Covid-19 Infection And Immunization: Observational Prospective Study

<h3>Research Objectives</h3> To prospectively analyze functional capacity of young adults in relation to after COVID-19 infection and follow up these individuals after COVID-19 immunization. <h3>Design</h3> Observational prospective cohort study (partial results from FIT-COVID Study). After a minimum of 6 weeks from the second shot of COVID-19 vaccine participants were once again recruited to follow up evaluations. <h3>Setting</h3> Evaluations were performed at a public Physical Therapy outpatient clinic in Brazil. <h3>Participants</h3> We included male and female participants, aged 20–40 years after mild or moderate clinical COVID-19 with a previous positive PCR test that were not admitted to intensive care unit (COV). Participants were recruited after a minimum of 15 and maximum of 180 days of diagnosis by positive PCR test. An age-matched healthy control group (CT) that was negative for COVID-19 was also recruited. <h3>Interventions</h3> At baseline and follow up evaluation, functional capacity was assessed using the six-minute walk test (6MWT) and the 30-second stand from chair test (SC). Next, habitual physical activity (HPA) levels were assessed using accelerometry data. Finally, body composition (BC) was assessed using bioelectric impedance. <h3>Main Outcome Measures</h3> Meters walked during 6MWT, repetitions during SC. Secondarily, sedentary time in minutes, and body composition (lean mass in kilograms). <h3>Results</h3> Evaluations included Control Group (n=39) and Post-COVID-19 group (n=32). At baseline Post-COVID-19 group presented 626.69±100.68 meters and during the follow-up analysis (626.69±100.685 meters) with no significant difference between moments (p=0.698). No significant differences were observed between groups for 6MWT (p=0.698). In SC, there were no differences between moments (p=0.333) or groups (p=0.26). In the Post-COVID-19 group there was a significant reduction in sedentary time over the follow-up period (4070.36±1524.614 vs 3298.82±786.085; p=0.044). However, no differences were observed between groups (p=0.928). Finally, no differences were observed in body composition between groups or moments (p>0.05). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Functional capacity in young adults was not affected Post-COVID-19 infection and no changes were observed following immunization. Similar results, were observed for physical activity levels and body composition. <h3>Author(s) Disclosures</h3> None of the authors have any conflicts of interests.

Multivariate growth trajectories of parenting practices in adolescence predicting young adult relationships with parents.

Guided by the life course perspective, this study investigated the developmental antecedents of contact, closeness/warmth, and negativity in young adults' relationships with their parents. Taking the developmental systems approach, we considered interindividual differences in not only initial levels of parenting quality in early adolescence (Grade 6) but also developmental changes in parenting quality across adolescence (Grades 6-12) as predictors of young adult-parent relationship quality. Data were from a large sample of young adults (N = 1,631; Mage = 22.84; 57% female; 90% White; 25% received free/reduced-price school lunch in Grade 6) followed from the fall of Grades 6 to 12 at eight time points, plus a young adult assessment. Using multivariate latent growth curve modeling, we identified a nuanced pattern of predictors of the three relationship dimensions. Higher initial levels of and lower rates of decline in parental involvement across adolescence predicted more young adult contact with mothers and fathers. Higher initial levels of parental warmth and parental involvement, as well as lower rates of decline in parental warmth, predicted greater closeness/warmth with mothers and fathers in young adulthood. Higher initial levels of and lower rates of decline in effective discipline predicted less young adult negativity toward mothers and fathers. These results held even when accounting for important adolescent and young adult covariates (adolescent sex and race, adolescent family income and structure, adolescent aggressive behavior tendencies, young adult living arrangement). The study offers new insights into how parenting practices in adolescence contribute to parent-child relationship in young adulthood. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).