Yield Strain Research Articles

Behavior of colloidal gels made of thermoresponsive anisotropic nanoparticles

Amongst colloidal gels, those designed by the assembly of anisotropic colloidal particles tend to form fibrillar gels and are attracting interest as artificial cell growth environments since they have a structure reminiscent of biological extracellular matrices. Their properties can be tuned by controlling the size, shape, and rigidity of the nanoparticles used during their formation. Herein, the relationship between the physical and mechanical properties of the nanocolloidal building blocks and the properties of the resulting gels is investigated. Thermoresponsive particles with different aspect ratios and controlled rigidity were prepared, and the gelation and the properties of the resulting gels were studied. The results show how the aspect ratio and rigidity of polymer colloids tune the properties of the gels. An increase in the aspect ratio of the nanocolloid used led to a sol–gel transition observed at lower particle concentration, but an increase in the rigidity of the nanocolloids delayed the sol–gel transition to higher concentration. However, at a constant concentration, increases in the anisotropy produced gels with higher modulus and lower yield strain. Similarly, an increase in rigidity of the colloids increased the modulus and reduced the yield strain of the resulting gels.

Effects of plastic deformation and failure on the folding behavior of non‐crosslinked ethylene propylene diene terpolymer composites

Effects of plastic deformation and failure on the folding behavior of non‐crosslinked ethylene propylene diene terpolymer composites

Study on Static and Fatigue Behaviors of Steel-UHPFRC Composite Deck Structure.

Ultra-high-performance fiber-reinforced cementitious composite (UHPFRC) is used in orthotropic steel deck (OSD) to form a lightweight composite deck structure (LWCD), which is expected to solve the problems of fatigue cracking of traditional steel deck and pavement damage. This paper aims to study the influence of key design parameters on longitudinal bending and transverse fatigue performance, as well as the ultimate bearing capacity calculation theory of the LWCD. A local finite-element (FE) model was built to evaluate the vehicle-induced stress ranges of six typical fatigue-prone details. In total, eight negative bending tests on steel-UHPFRC composite beams and one fatigue test on a steel-UHPFRC composite plate were conducted to investigate the longitudinal bending performance and the transverse flexural fatigue behavior of the LWCD, respectively. The results show that adding a 60-mm UHPFRC layer can significantly reduce the stress amplitude of six typical fatigue details by 44.8% to 90%. The failure mode of the longitudinal bending tests is the U-rib buckle and all UHPFRC layers exhibit multiple cracking behaviors when the specimens failed. The longitudinal cracking stresses of the specimens are between 20.0 MPa to 27.3 MPa. The reinforcement ratio and cover thickness have a great influence on the cracking stress. While the ultimate bearing capacity of specimens with different parameters has little difference. The calculation method of the ultimate bearing capacity of a steel-UHPFRC composite structure is proposed. When the strain at the bottom of the u-rib is taken as 1.2 times the design yield strain, the calculated results are in good agreement with the experimental results. No fatigue failure was observed after 66.12 million fatigue cycles under the design load, highlighting the favorable fatigue resistance of the proposed LWCD.

Dynamic Tensile Behavior of Woven C/SiC Composite: Experiments and Strain-Rate-Dependent Yield Criterion.

This paper studies the yield behavior of a woven carbon-fiber-reinforced silicon-matrix (C/SiC) composite under dynamic tensile loading. Experiments were carried out to obtain the tensile properties of the C/SiC composite at a strain rate range of 2 × 10−5/s to 99.4/s. A strain-rate-dependent yield criterion based on the distortional strain energy density theory is established to describe the yield behavior. The interval uncertainty is considered for a more reliable yield prediction. Experimental results show that the yield stress, elastic modulus, and yield strain of the C/SiC composite grow with the increasing strain rate. The failure mode transitions from progressive crack extension to uneven fiber bundle breakage. The predicted results by the yield criterion match well with experimental data. Experimental results are enveloped within the uncertainty level of 45% in the critical distortional energy density, corresponding to an uncertainty of 14% and 11% in the yield stress and yield strain, respectively. With the support of the proposed strain-rate-dependent yield criterion, the yield behavior of the C/SiC composite under dynamic loading conditions can be predicted with reasonable accuracy.

Domination of H-Bond Interactions in the Solvent-Triggering Gelation Process.

Gels prepared with the solvent-triggering method are attractive for their easy and fast preparation; however, the role of solvents in this process remains unclear, which hinders the efficient and accurate control of desired gel properties. In this study, the role of solvents in the solvent-triggering gelation process is studied using 9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl (Fmoc)-protected diphenylalanine (Fmoc-FF) as the gelator. Density functional theory (DFT)-based calculations and corresponding wavefunction analyses are conducted to identify the H-bonding interaction sites between the molecules. The calculation results clearly annotate the activating role of DMF and the triggering role of H2O in the gelation process. The solvation of Fmoc-FF by DMF can activate the H-bonding sites on the peptide chain, showing a conformation reversal and higher electrostatic potentials. Then, the H-bonding between Fmoc-FF and H2O is facilitated to trigger gelation. The physical Fmoc-FF/DMF/H2O gels show easily tuned mechanical strengths (G' of 102-105 Pa), injectable potentials (general yield strain < 100%), and stable recoverability (80-98% within 100 s). The regulation of these properties depends on not only the gelator concentration but also the H-bonding interactions with solvent molecules, which have seldom been studied in detail before. By understanding the effect of solvents, low-molecular-weight gelator-based gels can be designed, prepared, and tuned efficiently for potential applications.

Multiscale discrete dislocation dynamics study of gradient nano-grained materials

Gradient nano-grained (GNG) metals have shown a better strength-ductility combination compared to their homogeneous counterparts. In this paper, the mechanical properties and the related deformation mechanisms of GNG aluminum were investigated using three-dimensional multiscale discrete dislocation dynamics (DDD). GNG polycrystalline models and uniform nano-grained (UNG) counterparts were constructed within a multiscale DDD framework. A dislocation-penetrable grain boundary model based on a coarse-graining approach was adopted to handle the interaction between dislocations and grain boundaries. The simulation results show that the yield stress and strain hardening of the GNG sample is larger than the value calculated by the rule of mixtures, indicating a synergetic strengthening induced by the gradient structure. The associated microstructure evolution demonstrates that dislocations initially activate and glide in the larger grains and then gradually propagate into the smaller grains in the GNG sample, this sequential yielding of layers with different grain sizes generates stress and strain gradients, which is accommodated by geometrically necessary dislocations (GNDs). Moreover, we found that the Bauschinger effect in GNG sample is stronger than those in component UNG samples, suggesting a significant back stress strengthening in the GNG sample during plastic deformation. Finally, a theoretical model is established which successfully describes the Bauschinger effect of GNG and corresponding UNG samples according to the features of dislocation evolution upon unloading. The present study provides insights into the outstanding mechanical property of GNG metals from the view of dislocation dynamics at the submicron scale and offers theoretical guidance for designing strong-and-ductile metals.

Transient dynamics of soft particle glasses in startup shear flow. Part II: Memory and aging

We explore the rheology during a startup flow of well-characterized polyelectrolyte microgel suspensions, which form soft glasses above the jamming concentration. We present and discuss results measured using different mechanical histories focusing on the variations of the static yield stress and yield strain. The behavior of the shear stress growth function is affected by long-lived residual stresses and strains that imprint a slowly decaying mechanical memory inside the materials. The startup flow response is not reversible upon flow reversal and the amplitude of the static yield stress increases with the time elapsed after rejuvenation. We propose an experimental protocol that minimizes the directional memory and we analyze the effect of aging. The static yield strain γp and the reduced static yield stress σp/σy, where σy is the dynamic yield stress measured from steady flow measurements, are in good agreement with our previous simulations [Khabaz et al., “Transient dynamics of soft particle glasses in startup shear flow. Part I: Microstructure and time scales,” J. Rheol. 65, 241 (2021)]. Our results demonstrate the need to consider memory and aging effects in transient measurements on soft particle glasses.

Molecular dynamics study of microscopic deformation mechanism and tensile properties in AlxCoCrFeNi amorphous high-entropy alloys

Molecular dynamic (MD) simulations have been performed to explore the microscopic deformation mechanism and tensile properties of AlxCoCrFeNi amorphous high-entropy alloys (HEAs) during uniaxial tension. The effects of Al concentration, strain rate and temperature have been taken into account. Three amorphous HEAs with different aluminum concentrations were prepared by rapidly cooling from a high temperature of 3000 K at a cooling rate of 20 K/ps. The results of radial distribution function (RDF) and common neighbor analysis (CNA) show that the prepared amorphous HEAs do not contain crystalline structure. The uniaxial tensile results show that the increase in temperature impairs the tensile properties of all amorphous HEAs over the span of 300–1200 K, including Young's modulus, yield stress and yield strain. Especially at 1200 K, the intense thermal motion of the atoms makes them easier to migrate, which severely weakens the mechanical properties of amorphous HEAs. The atomic shear strain increases with increasing temperature and is uniformly distributed. In the range of the aluminum molar ratio of 1.0–3.0, the aluminum concentration has little influence on the Young's modulus and yield stress of the amorphous HEAs. Moreover, the increase in strain rate contributes to the increase in tensile properties of all amorphous HEAs with different aluminum concentrations, but it has no significant influence on the Young's modulus in the strain rate range of 108-1010/s.

Slow dynamics and time-composition superposition in gels of cellulose nanocrystals.

Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) are rodlike biosourced colloidal particles used as key building blocks in a growing number of materials with innovative mechanical or optical properties. While CNCs form stable suspensions at low volume fractions in pure water, they aggregate in the presence of salt and form colloidal gels with time-dependent properties. Here, we study the impact of salt concentration on the slow aging dynamics of CNC gels following the cessation of a high-shear flow that fully fluidizes the sample. We show that the higher the salt content, the faster the recovery of elasticity upon flow cessation. Most remarkably, the elastic modulus G' obeys a time-composition superposition principle: the temporal evolution of G' can be rescaled onto a universal sigmoidal master curve spanning 13 orders of magnitude in time for a wide range of salt concentrations. Such a rescaling is obtained through a time-shift factor that follows a steep power-law decay with increasing salt concentration until it saturates at large salt content. These findings are robust to changes in the type of salt and the CNC content. We further show that both linear and nonlinear rheological properties of CNC gels of various compositions, including, e.g., the frequency-dependence of viscoelastic spectra and the yield strain, can be rescaled based on the sample age along the general master curve. Our results provide strong evidence for universality in the aging dynamics of CNC gels and call for microstructural investigations during recovery as well as theoretical modeling of time-composition superposition in rodlike colloids.

Flexural performance evaluation of slab using welded bar mat

ABSTRACT This is an experimental study on flexural performance evaluation when welded bar mats (WBM), which improve the rib shape, strength, and diameter limits of the existing structural welded wire fabric (WWF), are applied to slabs. The purpose of this study was to verify the change in behavior and structural performance when a new material was applied to a structural member. Flexural tests were performed with a total of 10 slab specimens using various variables. The load-deflection relationship and crack patterns of the slab specimens were analyzed to evaluate the applicability of WBM as a structural reinforcement. The results of the structural test were compared with the proposed design formula of the current design standards to check the safety, and the serviceability were verified by comparing the performance with the case of using the conventional rebar. According to the material test results, the yield strength of the steel wires applied to the WBM did not appear clearly, the elastic modulus of the material increased by about 8% compared to that of normal rebar, so that the yield strain and elongation decreased compared to that of normal rebar. When WBM were used for slabs, the nominal strength of the member was found to sufficiently satisfy the design flexural strength. However, as the strength of the material increased, bond failure occurred due to stress concentration between orthogonal steel wires so that deflection and crack concentration phenomena increased.

Rheology of Candida albicans fungal biofilms

Fungi such as Candida albicans exist in biofilm phenotypes, which present as viscoelastic materials; however, a method to measure linear viscoelastic moduli, yield stress, and yield strain is lacking. Characterization methods for fungal materials have been limited to techniques specific to particular industries. Here, we present a method to measure the shear stress, strain amplitude, and creep of C. albicans BWP17 biofilms. Our method includes features tailored to the analysis of fungi including an in vitro growth protocol attuned to the slow growth rates of C. albicans biofilms and a resultant cultured biofilm that has sufficient integrity to be transferred to the rheometer tooling without disrupting its structure. The method's performance is demonstrated by showing that results are insensitive to gap, evaporative sealant, length of experiment, and specimen radius. Multiscale imaging of the fungal biofilm showed complex entanglement networks at the hundred-micrometer scale. For a wild-type strain cultivated for 14 days, using small-amplitude oscillatory rheology, we found that the elastic (G′) and viscous (G″) moduli were nearly independent of frequency over the range 0.1–10 s−1, with magnitudes of 18400±1100 and 1700±140Pa, respectively. The yield stress was approximately 850±60Pa. We modeled the linear creep response of the fungal biofilm and found that C. albicans has a characteristic relaxation time of 810±19s and a viscosity of 8.4±0.2MPas. We applied this method to probe the effects of altered chitin deposition in the C. albicans cell wall. Differences between the biofilm's phenotypic cell shape and rheological properties in mutants with altered chitin synthase activity were resolved. Discovering how genotypic, phenotypic, and environmental factors impact the material properties of these microbial communities can have implications for understanding fungal biofilm growth and aid in the development of remediation strategies.

Corrosion effect on structural behaviour of bolted steel connections under axial tension loads

Corrosion is one of the most important problems and is an inevitable event in metal structures exposed to environmental effects. Corrosion deterioration usually forms in steel and steel-concrete composite bridges and marine structures. Bolted connections in steel structures are the preferred connection types because of their ease of assembly and high strength. In this study, corrosion damages were created in steel plates with bolted connections and the axial load strength, ductility and behaviour of the steel members were investigated. Axial tensile tests have been carried out on steel plates with bolted connections exposed to corrosion at different rates (10% and 20% by mass). According to the axial tensile tests, decreases in average yield strength and average yield strain values were determined as 4% and 10% for 10% corroded specimens, and were determined as 16% and 27% for 20% corroded specimens having 4 mm thick plates, respectively. Similarly, for specimens having a thickness of 6 mm plate, average yield strength and average yield strain values decreased 3% and 5% for 10% corroded specimens, and 13% and 14% for 20% corroded specimens, respectively. Also, it was found that the ultimate strengths and average rupture strains decreased almost proportionally to the amount of corrosion. In addition, finite element analysis was performed in ANSYS program for bolted connections examined experimentally. In terms of ultimate tensile strength, the results were obtained with an average error of 4% in non-corroded 4 mm specimens and 6% in 10% and 20% corroded 4 mm specimens. For 6 mm plate thickness, these values of non-corroded, 10% and 20% corroded specimens were obtained as 9%, 5% and 3%, respectively.

Effects of particle roughness on the rheology and structure of capillary suspensions

We show that particle roughness leads to changes in the number, shape and resulting capillary force of liquid bridges in capillary suspensions. We created fluorescently labeled, raspberry-like particles with varying roughness by electrostatically adsorbing silica nanoparticles with sizes between 40 nm and 250 nm on silica microparticles. Rougher particles require more liquid to fill the surface asperities before they form pendular bridges, resulting in smaller and weaker bridges. In a system where the effective bridge volume is adjusted, higher particle roughness leads to less clustered networks, which show a higher yield strain for a matching storage modulus compared to the smooth particle networks. This finding suggests that the particle-particle frictional contacts also affects the strength of capillary suspensions. Using asymptotically nonlinear oscillatory rheology, we corroborate the non-cubical power law scaling of the third harmonic in the shear stress response that results from both Hertzian contacts and friction between particles connected by capillary bridges. We demonstrate that the repulsive Hertzian contact parameter A is sensitive to the liquid bridge strength and that roughness appears to shift the relative scaling of the power law exponents from adhesive-controlled friction to load-controlled friction.

On the fatigue ductile-brittle transition of EA4T steel for high-speed railway axle

EA4T is a widely used high-speed railway axle steel with BCC crystal structure. It has the characteristics of ductile-brittle transition under single impact load, but whether it has the ductile-brittle transition under cyclic load has not been investigated. For this reason, the rotating bending fatigue tests (stress ratio of R = −1) for EA4T steel were carried out at RT, −40 °C, −80 °C and −120 °C, respectively. For all temperatures tested, except −120 °C, the fatigue strength increases with the drop of temperature. When the temperature is −120 °C, the fatigue strength at lower stress level was higher than that at −80 °C, whereas, the fatigue strength at higher stress level was lower than that at −80 °C. Based on the above, the mechanism of low temperature strengthening of fatigue performance was explained. When the temperature was higher than TFDBT (fatigue ductile-brittle transition temperature), lower temperature leads to increased flow stress, and then, the higher fatigue performance. When the temperature was lower than TFDBT, the longitudinal tensile stress near the crack-tip increased and the location of the maximum normal stress (σyymax) was closer to the crack tip with the drop of temperature, resulting in σyy⩾σf was satisfied at the characteristic distance, and then, cleavage fracture occurred. In addition, the FATT50 (Fracture Appearance Transition Temperature) of EA4T was −35.46 °C determined by impact test, which was higher than the TFDBT. Because the strain rate under impact load is higher, which results in higher yield stress and strain hardening exponent under impact load.

Early-age buildability-rheological properties relationship in additively manufactured cement paste hollow cylinders

Ability to extrude and to achieve shape stability of layer-wise additively manufactured cement-based elements at large scale depends upon the early-age rheological properties (shear moduli, yield stress, viscosity) of the deposited materials. Upon successful extrusion, buildability challenges can manifest themselves through two common failure mechanisms: yielding of lower layers or buckling of the element. However, it is yet unclear which of the various rheological properties control the early-age materials' deformation, specifically buckling, during the printing processes and thus influence the resulting buildability of the elements. This paper focuses on how buildability is dependent upon rheological properties as well as on predicting the buildability using a buckling theoretical framework. Specifically, the relationship between early-age rheological properties of various cement pastes and the buildability of hollow cylinders with failure dominated by buckling mechanism was investigated. It was found that certain types of shear moduli of the fresh pastes (G, G*, and G′) obtained from oscillatory shear stress sweep tests, performed within the first 30 min of hydration, correlate better with the buildability of hollow elements than some other rheological properties (loss modulus G″, yield stress σyield, yield strain γyield, and complex viscosity η*). Measured values of shear modulus (G) were used to calculate elastic modulus (E) of the pastes using the assumed value of 0.5 for Poisson's ratio (ν) of fresh cement paste. Euler's buckling theory was used to predict buildability (height of the element) of hollow cylinders. It was found that Euler's theory overestimates the buildability by 93%–194%, mainly due to assumption of ideal geometry (i.e., absence initial or printing imperfection), rate-independent behavior and linear elasticity.

Elastic reinforcement and yielding of starch-filled lipid gels

Many foods involve complex suspensions of assorted particles in a Newtonian liquid or viscoelastic medium. In this work, we study the case of suspensions of non-Brownian non-interacting rigid particles: starch, embedded in a soft solid: a colloidal lipid gel. We relate the macroscopic properties of the suspensions to the mechanics of the colloidal gel and the particle volume fraction. As particle volume fraction increases, the suspension gradually stiffens and becomes brittle as the system approaches its maximum packing fraction. The latter is independently determined from a geometric theory of random close packing for polydisperse hard spheres based on the log normal distribution of starch particles dispersed in oil. The elastic modulus, yield stress and yield strain are interrelated through simple scaling laws from a micromechanical homogenization analysis of hard spheres isotropically-distributed in yield stress fluids. • The rheology of non-Brownian non-interacting starch particles filling a viscoelastic colloidal lipid gel was investigated. • As starch volume fraction increases the suspension stiffens, turns brittle as it approaches its maximum packing fraction. • The maximum packing fraction is determined from a geometric theory of random close packing for polydisperse hard spheres. • Linear and nonlinear rheology are interrelated through simple scaling laws from a homogenization micromechanical analysis.

A continuous dynamic constitutive model for normal- and high-strength structural steels

The use of numerical models in the advanced analysis and design of steel structures, particularly under extreme loading conditions, is becoming increasingly widespread. A crucial component of such models is an accurate description of the material response. A systematic study into the dynamic constitutive modelling of structural steels is presented herein. The key features of the dynamic stress–strain characteristics of structural steels at various strain rates, i.e., test methods, material strength, strain-rate effect index and strain-rate effect models, are examined and discussed. Supplementary SHPB tests on both normal- and high-strength structural steels (Q235, Q355, Q460, and S960) under a wide range of strain rates up to 5000 s−1, filling gaps in existing datasets, are then carried out. A database of dynamic test results, containing 453 stress–strain curves, is systematically established and analyzed. Finally, a continuous dynamic constitutive model, capturing the dependency of both yield strength and strain rate, is proposed to predict the dynamic stress–strain response for structural steels, from normal- to high-strength material (235–960 MPa), and from static to high strain rate loading conditions (up to 5000 s−1).

Experimental and numerical investigation of differential hardening of cold rolled steel sheet under non-proportional loading using biaxial tensile test

Strain path change is common phenomenon during industrial sheet metal forming processes. These strain paths can be proportional and non-proportional in nature. To enable strain path change in a single experiment is key challenge faced by many researchers. To predict deformation behavior accurately during such strain paths, it is required to represent initial yielding, the evolution of subsequent yield surface and hardening behavior precisely. This work deals with the mechanical characterization of Interstitial Free High Strength Steel (IFHS) during multi-axial proportional and non-proportional loading for the determination of yield surface evolution and strain hardening behavior. A set of tensile tests at various orientations with respect to the rolling direction and in-plane biaxial tests using cruciform specimens for various linear and bi-linear stress ratios were performed on as-received materials. It was found that at the onset of stress path change, the stress strain curve shows a change in the hardening rate for rolling and transverse directions of the biaxial specimen due to the change in active slip systems. To predict this behaviour various yield criterion like von Mises, Hill's 48 and Yld2000-2d were used. The experimental results show that the mechanical behavior of the subjected specimen deviates from isotropic behavior predicted by the von Mises and anisotropic behavior predicted by the Hill's 48 yield criterion. The initial yield loci measured by biaxial testing machine is in good agreement with what is predicted by Yld2000-2d yield criterion. However, it was observed that such phenomenological models were unable to capture the observed deformation behaviour. It is also shown that classical Crystal Plasticity Finite Element Method (CPFEM) can capture change in strain hardening rate during non-proportional deformation for few cases reasonably well while in few cases it could not predict.

Development of plasticity in vitrimers synthesized from a semi‐crystalline polymer using injection molding

AbstractThe main objective of this work is to analyze finely the influence of cross‐linking on the mechanical properties of polybutylene terephtalate‐based vitrimers. Tensile tests were carried out at four temperatures (80, 100, 130, and 160°C) on a series of vitrimer specimens made by injection molding for which the cross‐linker concentrations were changed by small increments of 0.25%, from 0% to 2%. The displacement and strain fields were measured on the specimen surfaces through 3D digital image correlation in order to analyze the strain localization/delocalization phenomena that occur during the successive stages of the deformation process. In particular, we measured the yield strain (onset of strain localization), and the strain at neck stabilization (beginning of the strain delocalization phase). When the degree of cross‐linking increases, we observed two complementary effects leading to the decrease of the strain range during which plastic instability develops. Firstly increases. Secondly, and this is the main cause of the plastic instability strain range reduction, decreases. This latter effect results from the limitation in extensibility of the macromolecular network in the solid state caused by cross‐linking. More specifically, cross‐linking leads to two distinct modifications of the macromolecular network that both contribute to the reduction of its extensibility. The first is the decrease of the chain length between the network nodes. The second is the pre‐orientation of the macromolecular network that occurs during injection molding in the case of vitrimers with high viscosities due to cross‐linking. Eventually, when , the suppression of the yield point on the tensile curve was observed for the most cross‐linked vitrimers. Furthermore, in the temperature range of investigation, was found to be independent of temperature.

Numerical modelling of cancellous bone damage using an orthotropic failure criterion and tissue elastic properties as a function of the mineral content and microporosity

Background and objective: Elastic and strength properties of lamellar tissue are essential to analyze the mechanical behaviour of bone at the meso- or macro-scale. Although many efforts have been made to model the architecture of cancellous bone, in general, isotropic elastic constants are assumed for tissue modelling, neglecting its non-isotropic behaviour. Therefore, isotropic damage laws are often used to estimate the bone failure. The main goals of this work are: (1) to present a new model for the estimation of the elastic properties of lamellar tissue which includes the bone mineral density (BMD) and the microporosity, (2) to address the numerical modelling of cancellous bone damage using an orthotropic failure criterion and a discrete damage mechanics analysis, including the novel approach for the tissue elastic properties aforementioned.Methods: Numerical homogenization has been used to estimate the elastic properties of lamellar bone considering BMD and microporosity. Microcomputed Tomography (μ-CT) scans have been performed to obtain the micro-finite element (μ-FE) model of cancellous bone from a vertebra of swine. In this model, lamellar tissue is orientated by considering a unidirectional layer pattern being the mineralized collagen fibrils aligned with the most representative geometrical feature of the trabeculae network. We have considered the Hashin’s failure criterion and the Material Property Degradation (MPDG) method for simulating the onset and evolution of bone damage.Results: The terms of the stiffness matrix for lamellar tissue are derived as functions of the BMD and microporosity at tissue scale. Results obtained for the apparent yield strain values agree with experimental values found in the literature. The influence of the damage parameters on the bone mechanics behaviour is also presented.Conclusions: Stiffness matrix of lamellar tissue depends on both BMD and microporosity. The new approach presented in this work enables to analyze the influence of the BMD and porosity on the mechanical response of bone. Lamellar tissue orientation has to be considered in the mechanical analysis of the cancellous bone. An orthotropic failure criterion can be used to analyze the bone failure onset instead of isotropic criteria. The elastic property degradation method is an efficient procedure to analyze the failure propagation in a 3D numerical model.