Sugar Beet Yield Research Articles

Ethofumesate applied at greater than labeled rates postemergence to sugarbeet

AbstractEthofumesate is a broad-spectrum, soil-applied herbicide used to control broadleaf and grass weeds in sugarbeet crops. Ethofumesate is commonly applied preemergence at rates ranging from 1.25 to 4.2 kg ai ha−1, or applied postemergence (POST), up to 0.38 kg ai ha−1. The Generic Crop Science company has developed a new Ethofumesate 4SC label that has increased ethofumesate POST rates up to 4.48 kg ha−1 in sugarbeet with more than two true leaves per plant. Field and greenhouse experiments were conducted in 2018 and 2019 to evaluate sugarbeet tolerance and herbicide efficacy. Field tolerance experiments indicated sugarbeet stature from ethofumesate applied POST at 0.28, 0.56, and 1.12 kg ha−1 was the same as that of the nontreated control, but ethofumesate at 2.24 kg ha−1 reduced sugarbeet stature, although that rate did not affect yield components. Ethofumesate applied POST at 4.48 kg ha−1 reduced sugarbeet stature and affected sugarbeet yield components. Ethofumesate applied alone POST provided weed control of up to 85%, 76%, and 84% on common lambsquarters, redroot pigweed, and waterhemp, respectively, in field efficacy experiments. Mixing ethofumesate at 1.12 kg ha−1 with glyphosate does not provide a second effective herbicide for POST control of common lambsquarters or redroot pigweed, but it does provide residual control of these weeds when at least one-half inch of penetrating rainfall occurs, following application. In greenhouse experiments, ethofumesate alone or ethofumesate plus glyphosate applied to common lambsquarters, redroot pigweed, or waterhemp at heights of less than 2.5 cm provided the best combination of burndown and soil residual control compared with weeds that were 2.5 to 5 cm tall. Ethofumesate applied POST at 1.12 kg ha−1 plus glyphosate provided the best combination of tolerance and efficacy, especially on waterhemp.

Zinc amendment increases the yield and industrial quality of Beta vulgaris L. cultivated in Northeast China

The sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) is a major industrial crop in Northeast China, but long-term or recurrent cultivation practices with low zinc (Zn) inputs have resulted in a decline in its cumulative yield and industrial quality. Hence, Zn fertilization is gaining interest in the commercial production of sugar beets; however, the efficacy and mechanism of Zn in enhancing the yield and industrial quality of sugar beets remain underexplored. A field experiment was conducted for two consecutive years (2019 and 2020) in black and albic soils of Northeast China with three levels of Zn fertilizer (0 kg ha−1, 30 kg ha−1, and 60 kg ha−1) using sugar beet cv. KWS1176. The application of Zn improved the photosynthetic performance and biomass of sugar beets and promoted the accumulation of dry matter in the roots. Zinc fertilization remarkably increased the sugar beet root yield in black and albic soils by 14.50% and 5.75%, respectively. Furthermore, the K and Na contents decreased in sugar beet roots cultivated in both soil types by augmenting Zn, whereas the sugar content increased significantly. The application of Zn considerably increased the biological sugar and white sugar yield by 15.25%, and 16.71% on average in black soil and 6.75% and 5.90% in albic soil, respectively. Correlation analysis showed that the root and white sugar yields were closely related to Zn accumulation in sugar beet roots. The amendment of cultivable lands with Zn fertilizer, preferably at a rate of 30 kg ha−1, is an effective strategy to simultaneously improve the root yield and quality of sugar beets, with better efficacy in black soils than in albic soils. Our findings provide a scientific basis for nutrient management in sugar beet planting and a step forward toward the sustainable development of the sugar industry.

Effect of irrigation with magnetized water and spraying boron-sugar alcohol complex on yield and quality of sugar beet under west-west El-Minya conditions

Effect of irrigation with magnetized water and spraying boron-sugar alcohol complex on yield and quality of sugar beet under west-west El-Minya conditions

Применение универсального гербицида для свеклы: обзор

Sugar is an essential commodity and an integral part of the food chain, which is the cheapest source of energy. Sugar beet is the second sugar-containing crop in the world. Weeds in beet crops reduce yields at field level and also make harvesting and processing difficult. Weed seeds in a soil bank are dangerous as they germinate in subsequent cropping. Serious crop losses are common as a result of lack of weed control. However, a number of weed control measures, along with herbicides, provide a significant increase in the average yield of sugar beets. But as herbicides increase environmental pollution, it becomes necessary to reduce their use for human health as well as other organisms. Thus, weed control combines both chemical and non-chemical integrated methods. An integrated approach to weed control threatens high weed populations. This article discusses scientific papers on the problem of the use of herbicides in the cultivation of crops. The exceptional advantages of the use of herbicides as an economic in terms of, and from the effective, application of the possibility of using herbicides, exclusive within the individual phenmedifam, desmedifam, metamitron, clopyralid and haloxyfop-P-methyl. Conclusions are drawn about the prospects of a herbicide of universal composition for sugar beet. Keywords: WEED CONTROL, HERBICIDES, SUGAR BEET

Effect of Intercropping Sunflower Cultivars and Defoliation Time on Sugar Beet Yield and Quality

Effect of Intercropping Sunflower Cultivars and Defoliation Time on Sugar Beet Yield and Quality

Productivity and Quality Variations in Sugar Beet Induced by Soil Application of K-Humate and Foliar Application of Biostimulants Under Salinity Condition

Abiotic stresses are the most major limitation to crop production, causing yield losses up to 50%, and consider the major challenges for production of crops. Thus, an experiment was conducted to determine how sugar beet would respond to soil application of K-humate rates and foliar application of biostimulants under salt stress. Split-plot design in three replicates was used in both seasons, where K-humate rates fertigation (control, 12, and 24 kg ha−1) allocated in the main plots, and different foliar application of BS arranged within the subplot (i.e., (1) water spray, (2) salicylic acid (SA) at the rate of 100 mg L−1, (3) fulvic acid (FA) at the rate of 1.2 kg ha−1, (4) hydroxyproline (HP) 1000 mg L−1, (5) SA at 100 mg L−1 + FA at 1.2 kg ha−1, (6) SA at 100 mg/L + HP at 1000 mg L−1, (7) FA at 1.2 kg ha−1 + HP at 1000 mg L−1, (8) SA 100 mg L−1 + FA 1.2 kg ha−1 + HP 1000 mg L−1) in the two seasons. The finding results revealed that soil application of K-humate, foliar application of BS, and their interaction significantly affected yield, growth, and quality characteristics of sugar beet under soil salinity, furthermore with soil application of K-humate at the rate of 24 kg ha−1 with foliar spray of FA + HP recorded the highest of growth traits, top, root, sucrose %, sugar yields/ha−1 and the lowest values of Na content in the juice and quality of sugar beet under the study conditions, Alexandria, Egypt.

Sugar Beet Growth, Yield, and Quality in Relation to Nitrogen Levels and Yeast Addition Times

Sugar Beet Growth, Yield, and Quality in Relation to Nitrogen Levels and Yeast Addition Times

Improving sugar beet yield, quality, and water use efficiency by nursery and transplanting practice under semi‐arid conditions

AbstractTransplanting is a useful technique to produce sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) in arid and semi‐arid regions that face water scarcity and salinity. The major challenge in transplanting is to improve the economic benefits that smallholder farmers have in the self‐production of transplants. The objective of this study was to evaluate the yield, quality, and water use efficiency (WUE) of sugar beet in response to transplanting and different options in transplant production process. Two field experiments were conducted at two sites. The first experiment investigated the effects of seedling age at transplanting, volume of the substrate, and transplanting date. The second experiment investigated the effects of substrate media and transplant production conditions on sugar beet yield and quality. In both experiments, transplanting was compared to the direct seeding on the conventional planting date at both sites. The highest white sugar content (12.1% and 13.5%) and white sugar yield (10.2 and 12.1 t ha−1) were obtained from plants transplanted in mid‐May at sites 1 and 2, respectively. Also, root yield, total sugar content, and WUE were higher in transplanting than direct seeding. The 40‐day‐old transplants produced in 22 mL cell volume when transferred to the field in mid‐May had higher WUE than the direct seeding. The transplants produced outside the greenhouse (uncontrolled conditions) had nearly the same yields as those produced inside a greenhouse under controlled conditions. We suggest that using readily available substrates and not requiring greenhouse conditions for transplant production is a cost‐effective way for smallholder farmers to produce their own seedlings.

UAV‐Based Prediction of Sugarbeet Yield and Quality

In Idaho, nitrogen (N) and water management are two major factors affecting sugarbeet yield and quality. If sugarbeet crop yield potential can be accurately predicted early in the growing season, then the crop can be topdressed based on crop nutrient requirements. This approach has the potential to improve the economic returns to sugarbeet growers and processors. The objective of this study was to assess the feasibility of predicting root yield and estimated recoverable sugar using UAV-based normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) in sugarbeets grown under varied N and water rates. Earn 0.5 CEUs in Crop Management by reading the article and taking the quiz at https://web.sciencesocieties.org/Learning-Center/Courses.

Effects of Weed-Control Treatments and Plant Density on Root Yield and Sugar Content of Sugar Beet

Effects of Weed-Control Treatments and Plant Density on Root Yield and Sugar Content of Sugar Beet

Evaluation of Various Organic Amendment Sources to Improve the Root Yield and Sugar Contents of Sugar Beet Genotypes (Beta vulgaris L.) under Arid Environments

Sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) is a sucrose-rich tap root crop, with its fresh root containing up to 20% sucrose contents. Natural organic fertilizers can be a good alternative to synthetic fertilizers. For this purpose, an experiment was conducted for the optimization of different organic amendments i.e., farmyard manure, poultry manure, compost, and biochar. After the optimization experiment, pre-optimized doses of different organic amendments (farmyard manure, 40 t ha−1; poultry manure, 20 t ha−1; compost, 40 t ha−1; and biochar, 20 t ha−1) were evaluated for the production and root quality of two diverse sugar beet genotypes. The experiment was repeated over time (2019 and 2020) at four locations (BZU Research Farm Layyah, Farmer Field Layyah, Farmer Field Bhakkar-A and Farmer Field Bhakkar-B). Among different organic amendments, the use of an optimized rate of poultry manure (20 t ha−1) was the most useful for improvement in root yield, sugar yield and sugar quality. Improvement in root yield was attributed to better leaf growth and root yield which resulted eventually in higher reserve accumulation in roots. The performance of genotype ‘California’ was superior to the genotype ‘Serenada’. In conclusion, growing of genotype ‘California’ in sandy loam soils with poultry manure application (20 t ha−1) might be a pragmatic option to improve the sugar beet yield and sugar recovery.

Water reuse in agriculture: a case study in Konya Closed Basin

Abstract Konya Closed Basin (KCB) is one of the hotspots in Turkiye due to intense agricultural activities and high demand for irrigation. Over 90% of the total available water is consumed for irrigation of which is predominantly met from groundwater bodies. Therefore, current agricultural practices need to be revisited and water reuse should be taken into consideration to sustain water resources and the ecosystem of the basin. To this end, a case study has been carried out in KCB on reclaimed water (RW) use for sugar beet and corn production. The first-term results revealed no adverse impacts on soil conditions irrigated with RW. Corn production increased by 7% with RW irrigation. Although a drop of 9% was observed in sugar beet yield with RW, the overall results obtained for the first-term period, both for corn and sugar beet, indicate that better yields could be attained through RW in addition to providing an alternative water resource, particularly in water-scarce regions.

UAV‐based NDVI estimation of sugarbeet yield and quality under varied nitrogen and water rates

AbstractThe accuracy of the traditional soil and plant‐based techniques for assessing sugarbeet demand for nitrogen (N) and yield prediction is generally low. Refining N and irrigation water management is a key to maximizing return for sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris L.) growers from agronomic, economic, and environmental perspective. The use of Normalized Difference Vegetative Index (NDVI) in combination with the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)‐based data collection for in‐season estimation of sugarbeet root yield and sugar concentration has potential for precision N management. Sugarbeet field trials were conducted in Idaho in 2019 and 2020 to assess (1) effects of water and N fertilizer rates on yield and estimated recoverable sugar (ERS) and (2) feasibility of predicting root yield and ERS using UAV NDVI. At the lowest N rate, application of water at 100% level resulted in greater yield, compared to 50%, in both years. At higher N rates, 50% level produced higher yields. At each N level, application of water at 100% level resulted in lower ERS, compared to 50%. The UAV NDVI was strongly correlated with root yield and ERS. The relationship between UAV NDVI and root yield and ERS was stronger in July (60 days after planting) compared to June (40 days after planting). Estimating the yield and ERS potential in late June/early July and topdressing the crop before the end of July may help to improve N use efficiency while optimizing sugarbeet production.

Brown Seaweed Extract (BSE) Application Influences Auxin- and ABA-Related Gene Expression, Root Development, and Sugar Yield in Beta vulgaris L.

The molecular and phenotypic effects of a brown seaweed extract (BSE) were assessed in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.). Transcript levels of BSE-treated and untreated plants were studied by RNA-seq and validated by quantitative real-time PCR analysis (RT-qPCR). Root morphology, sugar yield, and processing quality traits were also analyzed to better elucidate the treatment effects. RNA-seq revealed 1019 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the BSE-treated and untreated plants. An adjusted p-value < 0.1 and an absolute value of log2 (fold change) greater than one was used as criteria to select the DEGs. Gene ontology (GO) identified hormone pathways as an enriched biological process. Six DEGs involved in auxin and ABA pathways were validated using RT-qPCR. The phenotypic characterization indicated that BSE treatment led to a significant increase (p < 0.05) in total root length and the length of fine roots of plants grown under hydroponics conditions. The sugar yield of plants grown under field conditions was higher (p < 0.05) in the treated field plots compared with the control treatment, without impacting the processing quality. Our study unveiled the relevant effects of BSE application in regulating auxin- and ABA-related gene expression and critical traits related to sugar beet development and yield.

Evaluation of Solid and Liquid Fertilizers in Increasing of Yield, Phosphorus Agronomic and Reuptake Efficiency of Sugar Beet

Evaluation of Solid and Liquid Fertilizers in Increasing of Yield, Phosphorus Agronomic and Reuptake Efficiency of Sugar Beet

Effect of water deficit irrigation and bio-fertilizers on growth, yield and quality of sugar beet

Effect of water deficit irrigation and bio-fertilizers on growth, yield and quality of sugar beet

Efficacy of anti-transpiration on yield and quality of sugar beet subjected to water stress

The current study took place at Shandaweel, Sohag governorate, Egypt, (latitude of 24.54° N and longitude of 32.94° E) and included two seasons, 2019/2020 and 2020/2021, to study the efficacy of anti-transpiration on yield and quality of sugar beet subjected to water stress. Three replications in a split-plot randomized complete block design were used in the experiment. The treatments included three irrigation levels (100, 80, and 60% of the recommended irrigation) in cases 12, 10, and 7 irrigations were applied and given at an average interval of 15, 18, and 26 days, which were randomly in the main plots, while, three anti-transpirant substances (Chitosan, Glycerol, and Magnesium carbonate), as well as water-sprayed plants (control) were placed in subplots randomly. Plant growth, chlorophyll, relative water content, cell membrane stability index, sugar production, and quality index were all lowered by drought stress in both seasons. Furthermore, under drought conditions, proline, free radical scavenging activity, and sucrose levels all increased significantly. In both seasons, the application of anti-transpiration substances had a substantial effect on improving the examined features when compared to the control. Foliar spray of chitosan or glycerol had a beneficial effect on physiological, morphological, and quality characteristics of the examined plants, compared to the control treatment. Generally, anti-transpirants reduced water use and increased water production in general when irrigation water was scarce. Furthermore, spraying anti-transpirants, which were responsible for lowering water use, considerably enhanced most of the growth and yield measures as well as quality.

Effect of thermal requirements on chemical content of sugar beet and it’s reflecting on yield in Upper Egypt

A field experiment was carried out to calculate the effect of thermal requirements and its relation to the yield and chemical content of sugar beet during two growing seasons in Upper Egypt. The temperature effects on sodium, potassium, and alpha - amino nitrogen contents. There was a high correlation between growing degree days (GDD) of three harvesting dates and three sugar beet varieties. The results indicated that increasing harvesting date increased roots and sugar yields.

Технология производства бионутриентов на основе активированных копролитов и оценка их эффективности

The production of bionutrients in the conditions of industrial production and agricultural enterprises requires the development of technology and a production line for the production of bionutrients of stable quality without the use of chemical reagents. To this end, the authors have developed a technology and a technological line for the production of bionutrients based on the processing of animal waste into coprolites and the use of cavitation to increase their biological efficiency. The article presents the methodology and technological scheme of the production of bionutrients. The technology and the obtained bionutrient ABT-Plant were tested in the Belgorod region on sugar beet LMS-94. In the control sample, the seeds were moistened with water. In four variants, ABT-Plant bionutrient was treated: in the fi rst - seeds; in the second - spraying of vegetative sugar beet plants in the phase of 6-8 real leaves (20 g·t-1); in the third - spraying of vegetative plants (15 g·ha-1) before closing the leaves in the row spacing of sugar beet; in the fourth - seed treatment (20 g·t-1) and spraying of vegetative plants (15 g·ha-1) before closing the leaves in the row spacing of sugar beet. The positive eff ect of the bionutrient ABT-Plant on the productivity of sugar beet has been established. The best results were achieved when the ABT-Plant preparation was used twice during seed treatment (20 g·t-1) and the vegetation period of plants in the phase of closing beet leaves in row spacing (15 g·ha-1) provided an increase in the yield of sugar beet of 3.5 t·ha-1. The sugar content of sugar beet increased by 5.5-6% compared to the control, the sugar harvest by 0.85 t/ha or by 11.2%.

Foliar application of boron enhances sugar beet yield and industrial sugar content by promoting indigenous soil-boron uptake

Foliar application of boron enhances sugar beet yield and industrial sugar content by promoting indigenous soil-boron uptake