Strawberry Yield Research Articles

Class-attention-based lesion proposal convolutional neural network for strawberry diseases identification.

Diseases have a great impact on the quality and yield of strawberries, an accurate and timely field disease identification method is urgently needed. However, identifying diseases of strawberries in field is challenging due to the complex background interference and subtle inter-class differences. A feasible method to address the challenges is to segment strawberry lesions from the background and learn fine-grained features of the lesions. Following this idea, we present a novel Class-Attention-based Lesion Proposal Convolutional Neural Network (CALP-CNN), which utilizes a class response map to locate the main lesion object and propose discriminative lesion details. Specifically, the CALP-CNN firstly locates the main lesion object from the complex background through a class object location module (COLM) and then applies a lesion part proposal module (LPPM) to propose the discriminative lesion details. With a cascade architecture, the CALP-CNN can simultaneously address the interference from the complex background and the misclassification of similar diseases. A series of experiments on a self-built dataset of field strawberry diseases is conducted to testify the effectiveness of the proposed CALP-CNN. The classification results of the CALP-CNN are 92.56%, 92.55%, 91.80% and 91.96% on the metrics of accuracy, precision, recall and F1-score, respectively. Compared with six state-of-the-art attention-based fine-grained image recognition methods, the CALP-CNN achieves 6.52% higher (on F1-score) than the sub-optimal baseline MMAL-Net, suggesting that the proposed methods are effective in identifying strawberry diseases in the field.

Yield, quality and physiological variation of strawberry in response to irrigation regimes and exogenous proline with a cost benefit analysis

Strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) production is a major aspect of the agricultural economy in Turkey's Mediterranean region, offering high rates of employment and farm revenue. The effects of treatment of the exogenous amino acid on yield, quality, and physiological diversity for strawberry production was analyzed considering the economic aspects. To achieve this, 4 different irrigation regimes (IR (irrigation) 125, IR100, IR75, IR50) with proline treatment was tested. The total berry yield, photosynthesis and leaf water potential (LWP) significantly decreased as irrigation application rates declined. The IR125 treatment with proline (PIR125) produced the highest overall berry production. The use of proline significantly increased berry production by 23%. Exogenous proline generated 3.5 kg/1 m3 greater yields than control in terms of irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE). Under the IR50 conditions, the treatment of proline yielded a 32% higher than the control. Moreover, proline significantly increased fruit soluble solids content (SSC) by 6.4%. The production system achieves the highest cost-benefit ratio (CBR) under PIR125 whereas the lowest cost-benefit ratio under IR50. When each scenario was considered at individually, it was evident that the more water used the more efficient high tunnel strawberry production. The fact that proline generated an increase in CBR in all four irrigation regimes proves this amino acid's economic effectiveness. As a result, PIR125 is recommended for the highest efficiency and CBR in Mediterranean environment. However, it has been discovered that using proline to alleviate this problem in areas where water is limited could be quite helpful.

Iodine Biofortification and Seaweed Extract-Based Biostimulant Supply Interactively Drive the Yield, Quality, and Functional Traits in Strawberry Fruits.

The horticultural sector is seeking innovative and sustainable agronomic practices which could lead to enhanced yield and product quality. Currently, plant biofortification is recognized as a valuable technique to improve microelement concentrations in plant tissues. Among trace elements, iodine (I) is an essential microelement for human nutrition. Concomitantly, the application of biostimulants may improve overall plant production and quality traits. With the above background in mind, an experiment was designed with the aim of assessing the interactive impact of a seaweed extract-based biostimulant (SwE) (0 mL L-1 (served as control) or 3 mL L-1 (optimal dosage)) and 0, 100, 300, or 600 mg L-1 I on the growth parameters, yield, fruit quality, minerals, and functional characteristics of the tunnel-grown "Savana" strawberry. SwE foliar application improved the plant growth-related traits, total and marketable yield, fruit color parameters, soluble solids content, nitrogen (N), potassium (K), and magnesium (Mg) fruit concentrations. Furthermore, an enhancement in the fruit dry matter content, ascorbic acid, and I concentration in fruits was detected when the SwE supply interacted with a mild I dose (100 or 300 mg L-1). The research underlined that combining SwE application and I biofortification increased the strawberry yield and quality and enhanced the plant nutritional status variation, thereby, determining a boosted strawberry I tolerance.

Effects of planting media and fertilizer composition on growth, yield and quality of strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.)

A field experiment was carried out at the Landscape Section of the Department of Horticulture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the period from October 2019 to April 2020 to study the effects of planting media and fertilizer composition on growth, yield and quality of strawberry. It was plotted in Split Plot Design with three replications. The experiment was consisted of two factors such as Factor A: M1= planting in gunny bags, M2 = planting in polybags, Factor B: five fertilizers composition treatments viz. T0: 0% (no fertilizers), T1: 25% (0.94 g/plant Urea + 1.25 g/plant TSP + 1.25 g/plant MoP), T2: 50% (1.87 g/plant Urea + 2.5 g/plant TSP + 2.5 g/plant MoP), T3: 75% (2.82 g/plant Urea + 3.75 g/plant TSP + 3.75 g/plant MoP) and T4: 100% (3.75 g/plant Urea + 5 g/plant TSP + 5 g/plant MoP) of N, P and K. All the parameters under study showed significant variations. Results showed that higher fruit length (3.83 cm) and diameter (2.54 cm), fruit weight per plant (190.08 g), yield (12.80 ton/ha) and TSS (7.44%) were found from planting of strawberry in polybags (M2) in compared to planting in gunny bags (M1). In relation to fertilizers composition higher fruit length (4.27 cm) and diameter (3.21 cm), total fruit weight per plant (216.79 g), fruit yield (16.35 t/ha) and TSS (8.10%) were recorded from mixed application of 100% fertilizer (4.75 g/plant Urea + 5 g/plant TSP + 5 g/plant MoP) of N, P, and K while the lower value was obtained from control. Among the treatment combination, the highest fruit length (4.13 cm) and diameter (3.09 cm), fruit weight per plant (199.57 g), fruit yield (17.50 t/ha) and TSS (8.17%) were found from planting of strawberry in polybags along with 100% (3.75 g/plant Urea + 5 g/plant TSP + 5 g/plant MoP) of N, P, and K.

Comprehensive evaluation of the optimal rates of irrigation and potassium application for strawberry

Accurate and effective management of irrigation and fertilization is essential for efficient greenhouse strawberry production. Here, the effects of the combined application of water and potassium on strawberry growth were evaluated by experimenting with 12 treatments, including four transpiration (ETC)-based irrigation levels (W1: 100% ETC, W2: 85% ETC, W3: 70% ETC, and W4: 55% ETC) and three potassium levels according to the target yield (K1: 369.5 kg/hm2, K2: 307.9 kg/hm2, and K3: 246.3 kg/hm2). Various indexes of strawberry yield, fruit quality, water and fertilizer utilization efficiency, and soil nutrient residues were measured. Irrigation and potassium application had significant effects on strawberry production. Higher irrigation levels increased yield (Y), and moderate water and potassium application increased single fruit weight (SFW), water utilization efficiency (WUE), total soluble sugar (TSSC), and the sugar-acid ratio (SAR). While low-application of potassium increased the soluble protein content (SP), partial factor productivity of potassium (PFPK), and reduce nutrient residues in soil effectively. A comprehensive system for evaluating strawberry growth and its benefits to the soil environment was developed. The FAHP and CRITIC methods were used to calculate the subjective weight and objective weight of each index, respectively. The largest subjective weight was observed for Y (0.200), and the largest objective weight was observed for soil-available potassium (0.101). The final weight was determined using Game theory; Y had the highest weight (0.185), and free amino acids (FAA) had the lowest weight (0.047). Grey relational analysis (GRA) was used to evaluate the optimal irrigation and potassium scheme for accomplishing multiple objectives. The response of the comprehensive score of strawberries to irrigation and potassium exhibited a negative parabolic relationship, and the effect of irrigation was greater than the effect of potassium application. There was a significant interaction between irrigation and potassium application, and an irrigation amount of 2053-2525 m3/hm2 with a potassium application rate of 288.1-334.2 kg/hm2 was optimal for promoting strawberry yield, fruit quality, and efficiency and reducing soil nutrient residues. The results of this study provide new insights that could aid the development of sustainable approaches for enhancing agricultural production. Keywords: strawberry, irrigation, potassium, FAHP, CRITIC, nutrient residues DOI: 10.25165/j.ijabe.20231602.7591 Citation: Yang X Q, Du R C, Zhang M C, Feng H W, Wang Z Q, Zhang Z. Comprehensive evaluation of the optimal rates of irrigation and potassium application for strawberry. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2023; 16(2): 65-72.

Application of machine learning methods for the differentiation of fungal diseases in strawberry based on hyperspectral image analysis

Fungal diseases have a significant negative impact on strawberry yield. Their detection and differentiation using hyperspectral measurements is a possible alternative to traditional methods. In this study, strawberry leaves infected with Ramularia Tulasnei, Marssonina potentillae and Dendrophoma obscurans with visible symptoms of the disease were used for hyperspectral analysis. The reflection spectrum of leaves was recorded with a Photonfocus hyperspectral camera (wavelength range 475–900 nm, 149 channels) under laboratory conditions using the line scanning method. This research has aimed to compare four machine learning methods: spectral angle mapper (SAM), support vector machine (SVM), k-nearest neighbors (KNN) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA). Classification models were built based on the full spectrum, as well as on 12 vegetation indices (VI) as spectral features. The results demonstrated that the SVM model based on full spectra reached highest classification accuracy 94%. The KNN model performed slightly worse with 91% accuracy. The performance of models based on VIs was lower than that of models based on full spectra with an accuracy range of 78–85%.

Adjusting the nutrient solution formula based on growth stages to promote the yield and quality of strawberry in greenhouse

Adjusting the nutrient solution formula based on growth stages to promote the yield and quality of strawberry in greenhouse

Effect of gibberellic acid and boron foliar feeding on flowering, fruiting, yield and quality of strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.)

Effect of gibberellic acid and boron foliar feeding on flowering, fruiting, yield and quality of strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.)

Impact of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizer on Growth, Yield, and Quality of Strawberry

A field experiment was conducted to study the “Impact of organic manure and inorganic fertilizers on growth, flowering and quality of strawberry (Fragaria ananassa Duch.) cv. Camarosa” in the year 2021-2022 during rabi season. The experiment was conducted in Randomized Block Design (RBD), with 9 treatment and 3 replications. The treatments were T RDF- 100% NPK (control), T (FYM 75% + NPK 25%), T (Vermicompost 75% + NPK 25%), T (Poultry manure 75% + NPK 25%), T (FYM 50% + NPK 50%), T (Vermicompost 50% + NPK 50%), T (Poultry manure + NPK 50%), T (FYM 25% + NPK 75%), T (Vermicompost 25% + NPK 75%). From the above treatments and experiment conducted, it is found that treatment T (Vermicompost 25% + NPK 75%) was found best for all the parameters in Plant height, Number of leaves, Leaf area, Plant spread, Days taken for first flowering, Number of flower per plant, Days taken for first fruiting, No. of fruit per plant, Average per fruit weight, Fruit weight per plant, Fruit length, Fruit width, Total fruit yield, Total soluble solids, Acidity, Ascorbic acid. Also treatment T (Vermicompost 25% + NPK 75%) was found to be best and suitable in term of benefit cost ratio.

Growth, yield and economic analysis of strawberry under nutrient film technique of hydroponic system

An experiment entitled “Growth, yield and economic analysis of strawberry c.v. Winter Dawn under close Hydroponics system” was conducted in Naini Agricultural Institute, SHUATS, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh. A Randomized Block Design was adopted as a method for analysis. The experiment included 9 treatments with 3 replication, which included 20 plants of strawberry in each treatment. The quantity of nutrients varies in each treatment from T1- T9 with respect to the timing of flow and amount of water used. The timing of flow of nutrients in each replication was 24hr./day, 18 hr./day, 12hr./day respectively . Out of all the treatments T1 turned out to the best combination for the growth due to suitable amount of nutrients and appropriate timing for strawberry in hydroponics setup. The yield was also more in the treatment T1 as compared to other treatments. The benefit cost ratio was recorded best in T1 set up, i.e. 1:1.229.

A study of certain organic inputs on phenological, yield and quality related traits of Strawberry (cv. Camarosa) in pot culture

Organic agriculture is on a pacing rate at the present time at the global level to protect nature and promote good health conditions for people. Keeping this in mind, the study was conducted using four different organic amendments on Strawberry (cultivar camarosa) which included T1=Panchagavya, T2=Jeevamrutham, T3=Fish meal extract, T4=Vermiwash and T5= Controlled during 2017-2018 at School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University, Punjab. Panchagavya recorded the highest values for plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, number of runners, plant spread, pedicel thickness, number of flowers and fruits, fruit set%, fruit length and grith, fruit weight, yield per plant, TSS, fruit firmness and TSS: titrable acidity and showed less value for days to flowering. Panchagavya performed better than other treatments followed by fish meal amino acid, vermi wash, jeevamrutham and controlled. The better performance of panchagavya is due to the presence of beneficial microbes mostly lactic acid bacteria, yeast, actinomyces and certain fungi and it is having good amount of both macro (N, P, K and Ca) and micro (Zn, Fe, Cu, Mn) nutrients.

Influence of mulches on yield and quality of Strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) cv. Chandler

The quality of strawberry is highly hampered by improper crop management, which can only be solved by using different types of mulches. It is very rare in literature, where the different types of mulches are used for the quality assessment. To carry out this new strategy to sustain the quality of strawberry the present study was carried out using various kind of mulches viz., white polythene mulch, yellow polythene mulch, black polythene much, green polythene mulch, news-paper mulch, wood husk mulch, serpat grass mulch, red polythene mulch, jute bag mulch comprised of 10 treatments and 3 replications under the randomized block design. The findings revealed that the application of black plastic mulch significantly increased the total number of fruit (12.67), length of fruit (6.21 cm), width of fruit (4.20 cm), weight of fruit (16.30 g), yield plant-1 (200.10g), yield plot-1 (3.20kg), total soluble solids (11.85%), total sugar (8.58%), reducing sugar (7.90%), non-reducing sugar (1.75%) and vitamin C (45.91 mg 100g-1). It is pertinent to infer that the application of the mulches (either black or yellow) performed and better over control.

Growth and Quality analysis of strawberry (Fragaria ananassa) cv. Chandler in two production system

The Department of Horticulture at Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences in Prayagraj conducted an experiment over 140 days in the years 2019–2020 and 2020–2021 to investigate the effects of different grow, micro and bloom nutrient dose and substrate combinations under Hydroponics and pot cultivation in Prayagraj climatic zones for higher yield and quality of strawberry. The experiment was set up using a Factorial Randomized Block Design (FRBD), with three replications, each with two hydroponic systems and 12 T0 (control). The two different types of Planting systems (pot experiments and hydroponic experiments), as well as their interaction, has a big impact on the Plants’s yield and quality parameters. The results show that Plants grown in a hydroponic system along T7 (with Grow, Micro, and Bloom) at 24-hour intervals of 42 days optimize production and perform best in terms of growth, yield and quality contributing traits. In comparison to soil and soilless medium, the hydroponic system produced yields that were 20-92% and 16-91% greater, respectively. The nutrient absorption was likewise the highest under this method, indicating that nutrients are available to Plants in hydroponic systems more readily than in soilless medium or soil, and that this method provided the largest net returns and benefits and rate of cost.

Diferentes níveis de irrigação e adubação e cobertura morta na produção e qualidade de morango

ABSTRACT The strawberry (Fragaria spp.), one of the most important berry fruit, is cultivated in many regions of Turkey. Considering its agricultural importance, the objective of this study was to determine the interactions of three important factors affecting the yield of strawberries. Measurements of the physical and quality properties of strawberry were carried out in the laboratories of Bursa Uludağ University. In the research, four different irrigation topics, three different fertigation and three different mulching topics (without mulch (M0), with PE black mulch material (M1), with PE transparent mulch matterial (M2) were selected. Drip irrigation method was preferred in order to apply water amounts at different irrigation and fertigation levels. In our study, the highest and lowest irrigation water amounts in both trial years were found to be 380-95 mm and 420-105 mm, respectively, while the highest and lowest actual evapotranspiration values were calculated as 440-220 mm and 465-280 mm, respectively. The maximum and minimum yield values of the study years were calculated as 5.05-18.70 t ha-1 and 1.20-8.7 t ha-1, respectively, from I100F100M1 and I25F50M0 treatments. However, when the reductions in yield and quality losses are evaluated together, despite the reductions in irrigation water and fertigation levels, I75 and F75 topics can be recommended. Also, in mulching treatments, black mulch material (M1) should be chosen over clear mulch material (M1) and no mulch (M0).

Strawberry yield monitoring based on a convolutional neural network using high-resolution aerial orthoimages

This article presents the results of studies comparing the quality of work of two modern models of convolutional neural networks YOLOv7 and YOLOv8 used to monitor the yield of strawberries. To do this, we used the transfer method of machine learning models on a set of collected data consisting of four classes of development of generative formations of strawberry. As a result of the study, we obtained a data set that contained images of flowers, ovaries, mature and not mature berries. To ensure the balance of classes in the dataset, the Oversampling method was used, which included the generation of new images by applying various operations, such as resizing the image, normalizing brightness and contrast, converting images by rotating them by a certain angle and reflection, random noise addition, Gaussian blur. To collect data (images) in the field, a DJI Phantom 2 quadrocopter with a DJI Zenmuse Gimbal suspension and a GoPro HD HERO3 camera was used. To assess the quality of the YOLOv7 and YOLOv8 models when recognizing specified classes, well-known metrics were used that estimate the proportion of objects found that are really objects of a given class, such as Precision, Recall and mAP. Analysis of the results showed that the mAP metric for all classes of the YOLOv7 convolutional neural network model was 0,6, and the YOLOv8 model was 0,762. Analysis of the test sample images showed that the average absolute percentage error of image recognition of all classes by the YOLOv7 and YOLOv8 models was 9,2%. The most difficult to recognize was class the ovary of strawberries, the average absolute percentage error of which was 13,2%. In further studies, the use of high-resolution stereo cameras is recommended, which will further improve the accuracy of monitoring potential yields due to the possibility of determining the dimensional parameters of strawberry fruits and constructing 3D models of elevation maps using photogrammetry.

Proizvodnja biodizela iz ulja semena tropa jagode

Strawberry pomace is the beverage industry waste and should be utilized as circular economy feedstock, animal feed, or a fertilizer following environmental regulations. This work aimed to characterize and implement strawberry pomace oil in the biodiesel industry. Oil was extracted from the strawberry seed by a maceration method for physicochemical characterization. Two seed/solvent ratios were used to achieve the maximum oil yield. The yield of strawberry seed oil by n-hexane extraction at the seed/solvent ratio of 1:3 was 0.11 g/g. Extracted strawberry oil was used for biodiesel production by a two-step process that included the acid (H 2 SO 4)-catalyzed pre-esterification of strawberry oil, followed by the base (KOH)-catalyzed transesterification of the pre-esterified strawberry oil. Further, the methanolysis ensured a biodiesel content of 97.2% in 30 min. However, the low yield of this technology's final product and physicochemical characterization showed that strawberry oil should be used in a mixture with other oils (hybrid oil) for biodiesel production, or in the cosmetics and food industry.

Microbial Biofertilization to Improve Yield and Quality of Strawberry

Microbial Biofertilization to Improve Yield and Quality of Strawberry

Effect of Mulching on Growth, Yield and Economics of Strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) under Subtropical Conditions of Uttarakhand

Effect of Mulching on Growth, Yield and Economics of Strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) under Subtropical Conditions of Uttarakhand

Impact of polyethylene microplastics and copper nanoparticles: Responses of soil microbiological properties and strawberry growth

Microplastics (MPs) can act as vectors of contaminants such as fungicides and trace metals. Their presence in water or soil might affect fruits and vegetables, while interactions between MPs and copper (Cu) nanoparticles might pose greater risks to soil properties, plant development and yield. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the presence of MPs and Cu nanoparticles on plant growth and yield of strawberry, as well as on soil microbiological properties. The experiment was carried out in pots in a greenhouse; the soil was contaminated with polyethylene MPs and Cu nanoparticles. The design was completely randomized with four treatments (control, MPs, Cu, and Cu + MPs). Six months after planting, significant changes were observed in terms of plant height, stem diameter and root surface area. When compared to the control treatment, the MPs treatment resulted in a 27 % decrease in plant height, lower stem diameter values in all the contaminant treatments, and decreases in root surface area by 20 %, 21 % and 17 % in the MPs, Cu, and Cu + MPs treatments, respectively. Regarding number of inflorescences, total number of fruits, fruit weight and total aerial biomass, the MPs, Cu, and Cu + MPs treatments were statistically lower than the control (p < 0.05). The soil dehydrogenase activity decreased by 30 % due to the combined application of MPs and Cu nanoparticles, but this was not observed when MPs or Cu nanoparticles were applied alone, evidencing possible effects on the biological activity of the soil. Significant differences were found in acid phosphatase and urease activities in the Cu treatments with respect to the control and MPs treatments except for soil respiration. It can be concluded that the presence of Cu nanoparticles combined with polyethylene MPs favored a greater Cu availability in the soil and root Cu accumulation of strawberry plants.

Photosynthesis, growth, and yield in strawberry with sheep manure compost and peat

Compost allows for sustainable handle of home organic residuals and decreases cost production of small-scale horticultural systems. The objective of this research was to analyze the effect of compost addition to soilless media on the growth, yield, and physiology of three strawberry cultivars. The Mexican cultivars ‘Jacona’ and ‘Zamorana’ and the commercial ‘Festival’ were grown inside a glasshouse on either of two media mixtures: peat+perlite (1:1; v/v) or compost+peat+perlite (2:1:1; v/v). Compost was made of sheep manure and the Steiner solution was the mineral source. Readings of photosynthesis rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, SPAD units were performed periodically and dry weight from organs was determined six times. The addition of compost resulted in less total plant dry weight during the fruiting season and lower SPAD values throughout the experiment; however, photosynthesis was affected by compost only just before fruiting period compared with plants growing without compost. Dry matter remobilization during fruiting apparently explains the lack of effect of compost on total plant yield. As a conclusion, SPAD units and total plant dry matter are negatively affected by sheep manure compost during strawberry fruiting, but total plant yield is not affected by compost apparently explained by dry matter remobilization in the plant from roots and leaves to fruits.