Yemen Arab Republic Research Articles

The importance of the geopolitical location of Yemen and Somalia and their impact on Arab security

تتميز اليمن والصومال برقعة جغرافية وأهمية استراتيجية لأنها تقع على مدخل البحر الأحمر وجنوب غرب شبه الجزيرة العربية بالنسبة لليمن وجنوب القرن الإفريقي بالنسبة للصومال، أن صراع اليمن والصومال ليس بجديد بحكم الموقع الجغرافي الذي يتميز به اليمن والصومال، وإعلان الاستقلال لجمهورية الصومال حتى نشب الصراع بين العشائر الاهلية فيها، وقد أعلنت تلك العشائر بعد اتفاقها استقرارها السياسي. فقد شهدت هذه المرحلة الكثير من الصراعات والحروب بين القبائل في اليمن والصومال بسبب المجاعة وصعوبة الحصول على الغذاء بما يسد حاجة اليمن والصومال بسبب سيطرة الجماعات المسلحة على المنافذ البحرية لا سيما وأن اليمن والصومال تعتمد على الزراعة والرعي. وقد انضمت اليمن والصومال إلى جامعة الدول العربية. إن سياق الأحداث والدلالات في المسرح السياسي والاقتصادي في اليمن والصومال يتجه نحو التصعيد فضلاً عن ذلك طغى سياق الأزمات على الساحة العربية، وساعد على ذلك غياب استراتيجية المستقبلية عن الأحداث الرئيسة والمهمة، وغلب على فكر وديمومة استمرار الحرب ضد التغيير دون قراءة تحليلية فاحصة لواقع البيئة استراتيجية المحلية والإقليمية والدوليـــة فتأزمت المعطيات، ممـــا أسهمت فـــي تراكــــم المشكلات السياسيــــة والاقتصاديــــة والاجتماعيـــة والتعليميـــة والصحيــــة والأمنيــــة وغيرهــــا في إطار أزمات القبائل من أجل السيطرة على موارد اليمن والصومال وسعي القوى الاقليمية والدولية إلى تجزئة اليمن والصومال ومن ثم السيطرة عليها، وضعف الإرادة والإدارة الوطنية نحو الإصلاح، كذلك شكّل العنف إلى ضعفا في القوة الاقتصادية وزعزعة الاستقرار السياسي إلى أن وصل إلى طريق مجهول لمستقبل اليمن والصومال، لذا لابد من تحليل الرؤية المستقبلية وفق المعطيات والتحولات والتغيرات الجيواستراتيجية على مسرح اليمن والصومال بدءاً من التداعيات وصولاً إلى التطلعات والتداعيات الحالية وما تعرضت له اليمن والصومال من تداعيات خطيرة انعكست بشكل سلبي على حياة السكان الذي يواجه مشاكل كثيرة ولعل ابرزها هي مشكلة الأمن وتوفير العيش الكريم، واصبحت اليمن والصومال تعاني وهما على اعتاب الدول الفاشلة بسبب التخلف وانهيار البنى التحتية وسيطرة الجماعات المسلحة على جميع مؤسسات اليمن والصومال، لهذا لابد من رؤية تحليلية مستقبلية من الدول العربية حيال الأمن القومي لليمن والصومال من أجل الاستقرار السياسي والاقتصادي لكلا الدولتين ويعني هذا أمناً للدول العربية.

From Fragile to Collapsed Statehood: The Case of the Republic of Yemen (1990-2020)

The unification of the two Yemeni states?the northern Yemen Arab Republic (YAR) and the southern People’s Democratic Republic of Yemen (PDRY), respectively?in 1990 has been a resounding failure. Merging the tribal-dominated northern and state-party dominated southern regimes meant increasing the number of factions competing for access to state resources to satisfy material and security needs of their respective networks of influence. In particular, efforts at growing the resource base of the unified state after 1990, by means of an expansion of oil and gas exploration and extraction, raised the revenue base of the state in an unsustainable manner. Such growth in national oil and gas rents increased rather than decreased competition over state authority to control the spoils. The major subsequent events, such as the 1994 civil war, the 2004-2010 “Saada wars” against the Houthi movement, the Yemeni version of the “Arab Spring” in 2011, the failure of the National Dialogue Conference (March 2013-January 2014), and the start of the Saudi and Emirati bombing campaign and subsequent ground war in Yemen since March 2015 all triggered major clashes between different factions of the Yemeni state bureaucracy, army, and civil society. On each of these occasions, efforts to freeze out some Yemeni actors produced escalating conflict between the remaining factions instead of a winning coalition that could have reestablished a degree of stability. The article explains how local, regional, and global factors have jointly overwhelmed the Yemeni actors, and how foreign intervention has led to the further deterioration of the pre-existing national crisis.

FINANCIAL AND ECONOMIC SYSTEM OF YEMEN: IS RECOVERY POSSIBLE?

The regional war in Yemen (the Republic of Yemen) began on the 26th March 2015 in the result of the military intervention of the Arabic coalition headed by Saudi Arabia. Nearly all the northern part of the the country is under control of the alliance with the participation of the former ruling party “Yemeni General People's Congress” and Houthi rebellions from the Shiite movement Ansar Allah. In August 2019 the southern part of the country loyal to the coalition was threatened by disintegration as a result of expulsion of the structures of internationally recognized President A.M. Hadi, living in Riyadh since the beginning of the conflict, from the temporary capital Aden by forces of the pro-Emirates group headed by the Southern Transition Council.
 The war did not solve any domestic problems of Yemen caused by a massive peaceful protest in all parts of the country split by the crisis in 2011, disrupted the international plan of the peaceful solution to the crisis under United Nations auspices, which started in November 2011, and de facto worsened the split of Yemen, which appeared on the map of Arabia only in 1990 in the result of merging two previously existing sovereign republics – the Yemen Arab Republic and People's Democratic Republic of Yemen.
 According to the announcements of the UN, currently the country goes through the hardest humanitarian crisis in the world. The military actions devastated the economy of the country, almost entirely ruined the infrastructure and lead to the absence of food security. The UN estimated that in 2019 nearly 24.1 million people (80% of the population) were exposed to the risk of famine and diseases. In the result of the absence of sanitary conditions and vaccination of the population, the country faces large-scale disease outbreaks, such as cholera, diphtheria, measles and fever.
 In addition, analysts estimate that more than 40% of Yemeni families lost their main source of income, consequently, it is quite difficult for them to by goods included in the minimum consumer basket. Poverty is getting worse: before the crisis it affected nearly half of the population, and currently it affects about 80% of Yemenis.
 In the result of the inflation, the value of the national currency threefold dropped. Besides, the humanitarian crisis worsened, and failure in the operation of the facilities of the national infrastructure and financial institutions significantly influenced the activity of business society, especially small and medium-sized businesses.
 The military conflict in Yemen disrupted the social and economic activity both of individual institutions and of the state as a whole. In the hard situation is found the revenue part of the budget, whose main source of income was export of hydrocarbons. Financial losses from oil revenues resulted in severe shortage of the national currency and plummeting of state revenue. The aforementioned factors in combination with the fragmentation of the public institutions, including the Central Bank of Yemen, resulted in stopping flow of foreign currency for essential imports and payment of salaries in the public sector, which led to the growth of inflation and worsening humanitarian crisis.

Self- Liberation and National Struggle in Yemeni Women's Early Short Stories

The first women's short story in the Yemen was published in the South in the 1960 at the beginning of the decade that was to witness national liberation movements in both the South and the North. In the South independence was gained from British colonial control in the 1967 when the People's Democratic Republic of Yemen was formed. During this decade women from the South began to publish short stories. In the North the revolution of 1962 led to the creation of the Yemen Arab Republic, ending the rule of the Imams. But for most of the rest of the decade there was instability and fighting between republican and loyalist forces. Women from the North started to publish short stories in the 1970's . Since then Yemeni women have continued to write and publish their stories in newspaper, magazines and in anthologies1

2nd International Geothermal Conference

PREFACE2nd International Geothermal Conference GEOHEAT 2018 organized by Research Geotechnological Center of Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, Russian Federation was held in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky 04-07 September, 2018. There were presented 31 plenary and 21 poster presentations at the Conference. The conference gathered more than 100 participants from different countries. There were reports and posters of the participants from 20 countries (Azerbaijan, Bangladesh, Bulgaria, China, Colombia, Costa Rica, Democratic Republic of the Congo, France, Germany, Indonesia, Kyrgyzstan, Mexico, Russia, Switzerland, Tajikistan, Turkey, Uganda, Ukraine, USA, Yemen Arab Republic).Main Topics for talks, posters, and panel discussions were theoretical issues of geothermics and heat flow, geothermal resources in extensional and compressional settings, geosciences, case studies, exploration, field management, electricity generation, drilling and well bore flows, reservoir engineering and numerical simulation, enhanced geothermal system/hot dry rocks, geology of geothermal fields, geochemistry of geothermal fields, thermal properties of geothermal fields rocks, low enthalpy systems and direct use, geothermal heat pumps, geothermal hydrogen, magma chambers, economics.The event contributed to the solution of a number of fundamental problems: the development of theoretical issues of geothermics and heat flow of the Earth; establishment of new features of thermophysical processes in the geothermal water field development with supercritical thermodynamic parameters; the establishment of geothermal parameters of the Earth crust on basis of advanced experimental technologies (continuous thermal core logging technology, instruments for thermal property measurements at formation conditions, accounting of rocks heterogeneity, as well as micro-and macroanisotropy), and on this basis the geothermal resources revaluation, including geothermal resources maps. The organizing committee consisted of 29 persons from 19 countries. The conference proceedings contain the papers presented at the 2nd International Geothermal Conference GEOHEAT 2018.Convener, Chair of the Organizing CommitteeRoman I. Pashkevich

Anglo-American Relations and a Dilemma of Diplomatic Recognition: Royalists, Republicans and Crisis in the Yemen, 1962–1963

This article investigates Anglo-American handling of their bilateral relations regarding whether to extend diplomatic recognition to the Yemen Arab Republic following a coup in 1962. Hitherto this issue has been cast largely within a narrative of relative British decline and/or deepening malaise in the special relationship. This article develops two principal counterarguments. First, the British viewed the crisis as a challenge to their intent to stay in, not retreat from, the Persian Gulf – which the Americans welcomed. Second, the special relationship worked relatively effectively. London and Washington made policy concessions in the interests of their cooperation in Yemen and the wider southern Arabian Peninsula. Bilateral policy friction was largely contained and negotiated within lower echelons of the British and American governments; Kennedy and Macmillan managed their exchanges amicably throughout.

‘To Recognise, or not to Recognise’: Macmillan’s Yemen Arab Republic question

The Macmillan government's dilemma over whether to grant diplomatic recognition to the Yemen Arab Republic (YAR) following a coup in 1962 was finely balanced. Hitherto, though, the literature on this specific issue has neither reflected the complexity of issues with which the British government was confronted nor offered a satisfactory explanation of its ultimate non-recognition of the YAR. Some scholars suggest that London was immediately and consistently opposed to granting recognition; others attribute the decision to fear of Nasserism and a determination to maintain Britain's colonial interests in the Persian Gulf. This article contends differently. Drawing upon newly declassified information it first reveals in fuller detail the array of issues and interests that the Macmillan government was confronted by and sought to balance. It then proceeds to demonstrate that the Macmillan government was not unwaveringly against according recognition to the YAR and that whilst important, the influence of the Aden Group and its sympathisers in government was not decisive. Instead, irresolution within the government resulted in an event-driven policy that arrived ultimately at non-recognition of the YAR by default rather than by design.

898. HELICHRYSUM ‘SUN BURST’

SummaryA new cultivar, Helichrysum ‘Sun Burst’ (Compositae: Inuleae: Gnaphaliinae), is introduced, described, and illustrated, based on material derived from a cross between a Turkish collection of H. orientale and H. arwae from the Yemen Arab Republic, growing in the Melon Yard, Alpine Nursery at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Cultivation and propagation notes are provided. Observations on the diurnal rhythm of the capitula are made, as well as the overlapping flowering time of the parent species in the wild, but possessing a significantly different geographical distribution.

FROM CHAOS TO CHAOS: SOUTH YEMEN 50 YEARS AFTER THE BRITISH DEPARTURE

Fifty years after the British departure the future of South Arabia or South Yemen is just as uncertain as it was on 30 November 1967, when the People's Republic of South Yemen (PRSY) came into existence. The old order was swept away in the revolutionary tide of the mid- 20th century to be replaced by a Marxist state. Yet, within less than 23 years the new order was undermined by unresolved issues inherited from South Arabia and led to an ill-prepared union with the Yemen Arab Republic (YAR) in 1990. Today, after over two and half years of war, Yemen is fragmenting and one outcome might be the return of a southern state which will have to confront the same unresolved issues. Are southerners Yemenis or South Yemenis? Can institutions be created to overcome tribal and regional differences with the South? Can a viable economy be created in a country with so few natural resources? This article provides a history of the region and the conflicts of the last 50 years, along with a consideration of the present situation and a discussion of the enduring issues.

Henicovalvagen. n., a New Genus of Predominantly Afrotropical Ennominae with Unusually Complex Genitalia (Lepidoptera: Geometridae)

Henicovalva gen. n. (Lepidoptera: Geometridae: Ennominae), a new genus of ennomine geometrids characterised by unusually complex male and female genitalia, is described and illustrated. In addition to the East African type species H. xera (Prout, L. B., 1922) comb. n., which is transferred from Odontopera Stephens, 1831, nine additional members of this genus are described as new to science: H. serulensis sp. n. from northeastern Botswana, H. mpisiensis sp. n. from Swaziland, H. lebomboensis sp. n. from northern KwaZulu-Natal, H. dissoluta sp. n. from northeastern Tanzania, H. staudei sp. n. from central Kenya, H. praedicta sp. n. from southwestern Kenya, H. pulveraria sp. n. from Rwanda, H. negus sp. n. from Ethiopia, and H. yemenensis sp. n. from the Yemen Arab Republic. Although the recorded distribution of Henicovalva gen. n. is disjunct, this may be due to sampling bias. The phylogenetic position of the new genus within Ennominae is discussed, and it is tentatively placed in Ennomini. Illustrations of the adults and male and female genitalia, where known, are provided, as is a map showing the distribution of the southern African species. The study is complemented by a Gazetteer.

Der Aufstieg von Ansar Allah im Jemen.

At first sight, the civil war in Yemen seems to be a sectarian conflict between shia and sunni Islam. In contrast, this article explores the political economy dimensions of the conflict. During the 1970s, the northern Yemen Arab Republic has seen the emergence of a middle class based on foreign remittances, thus increased consumption, economic growth and agricultural modernization in particular. An economic crisis and new oil discoveries in the 1980s lead to a turn-around of the relations between the former powerful middle class and the government which was now able to co-opt the opposition. The subsequent inability to find a solution for the economic problems and the consequences of the reunification in the 1990s lead to externally forced neoliberal structural adjustment, including financial austerity, and as a result to social decline. Ansar Allah provided an alternative order and therefore the group was able to mobilize the middle class in opposition to the regime.

What the Social Sciences Can Tell policy-Makers in Yemen

Instead of duplicating the media coverage of recent serious challenges to Yemen's national leadership in different parts of the country, this article draws on the best social science studies to help explain some of the forces behind Yemen's chronic instability, as well as to suggest what policies, programs, and management approaches might be most successful in moving the country and its growing population toward a more promising future. A state-of-knowledge review of the dated and geographically-limited literature conducted primarily by foreign social scientists covers national trends, the spatial distribution of Yemeni socioeconomic and political life (including tribes), non-tribal governance, and Yemen's social research infrastructure. The relevance of this research to two current American assistance programs in Yemen is also suggested. If little was known about Iraq before the US-backed invasions, less was known about Afghanistan and even less about Yemen, a current focus of international development and security agencies. To help fill the knowledge gap in Afghanistan, donors and NGOs funded the development of socio-political and market research centers, an infrastructure absent in Yemen until recently.1 Although Yemen was not always off-limits to social researchers, the available community-level studies are both dated and restricted in their geographical coverage. What little is available suggests that Yemen has not been static over the past two decades. Tribal systems, the role of Islam, the importance of religious leaders, and relations between the central government and local populations are evolving in a context of unpromising economic, demographic, and natural resource trends. These changes and trends suggest that it is hazardous to base current economic development and security programs on outdated and geographically-limited studies. More recent opinion surveys are also poor substitutes for location-specific community studies as guides for the design and implementation of development and counterinsurgency strategies targeting specific communities as described in the current joint USAID (United States Agency for International Development) and the DoD (Depart- ment of Defense) country strategy for Yemen.2 Despite the dated and incomplete coverage of local-level studies, the inter-regional variations in them suggest that it would be prudent to mine the existing literature as a way to provide a firmer basis on which Yemeni and international agencies design and implement their development and security programs. The present article is intended to provide this overview organized under four general categories: national economic and population trends, the spatial distribution of Yemeni socioeconomic and political life (including tribes), non-tribal governance, and Yemen's social research infrastructure. We close with some observations on the relevance that this research has for two American assistance programs in Yemen, one by USAID, the other by the US military.3 Suffice it to note that Yemen has been wracked by political, economic, and violent difficulties over the past several years and, as a consequence, the country today is different from what it was when the studies to be reviewed below were conducted. Unfortunately, neither social scientists nor informed journalists have been able to ground-test the continuing relevance reported in these studies.4 National Economic and Population Trends5 The Republic of Yemen (ROY) was established as the Yemen Arab Republic in 1962 after a civil war that involved both Saudi Arabia (supporting the Royalists) and Egypt (supporting the successful military-led dissidents). There were two Yemens, the north with its capital in Sana'a, and the south with 'Aden as its capital. The north was seen as more tribal in nature while the south was part of the communist bloc of nations and opposed to tribalism. The two parts have been in fairly continuous conflict not only with one another but also with their own constituents. …

Yemen into the twenty-first century: continuity and change

In 1990 the Yemen Arab Republic and the People's Democratic Republic of Yemen united to form the Republic of Yemen. The following decade was marked by the political process of unification on the one hand, and by the processes of changing institutions, social dynamics and merged economies on the other.This book focuses on the major social, legal and economic aspects of this transformation, and it is possibly the only such analysis concentrating on these aspects during a crucial period in the history of modern Yemen. The 1990s witnessed the birth of an entity significantly different from its original constituent states. In addition to the process of establishing unified institutions, the decade was marked by increased revenues from oil exports, the worsening of the water crisis affecting agriculture and hence the income base for over 70 per cent of the population, the financial, economic and social crisis brought about by the 1990-91 Gulf War in the first half of the decade, and the greater influence of foreign aid institutions in the second half of the decade, in addition to the ongoing rapid increase in the population.The book brings together work by leading Yemeni and international scholars and addresses all these important developments, directly or indirectly, so as to provide a unique analysis of key economic, social and legal issues facing Yemen at the start of the twenty-first century.

576. HELICHRYSUM ARWAE

Summary Helichrysum arwae J.R.I.Wood, a narrow endemic from the Yemen Arab Republic, is described and illustrated, along with its cultivation requirements. Its position within Helichrysum is discussed, and comparisons made with H. sessile and H. sessilioides, two similar species from southern Africa.

ANNA WÜRTH, Aš-Šdaria fi Bab al-Yaman: Recht, Richter und Rechtspraxis an der familienrechtlichen Kammer des Gerichts Süd-Sanaa, (Republik Jemen) 1983–1995 (Berlin: Duncker and Humblot, 2000). Pp. 284.

Allan Christelow once remarked that court documents have the potential to provide a more thorough and unbiased picture of society than most other sources. Anna Würth's study of judicial procedures at a court in a poor Sanעani neighborhood would appear to give credence to this observation. The book covers an important stage in Yemeni post-revolutionary history embracing republican state consolidation, unification of the Yemen Arab Republic (YAR) and the People's Democratic Republic of Yemen (PDRY), and the Islamist challenge. It is based on more than one hundred fifty court cases, legal manuals, and unpublished draft statutes; “participant observation” at the court; historical chronicles; newspaper articles; and interviews with jurists and petitioners. Echoing the work of Mir-Hosseini and Messick, Würth conceives of law and legal practice as mutually constituting rather than separate domains. The book is divided into two main parts, each subdivided into two or more chapters. The first part deals with the norms governing the application of family law by the courts, describing court procedures during the period of Ottoman rule and the Hamid al-Din dynasty. Most chapters are devoted to an analysis of legal reform as part of state transformation from the 1970s to unification in 1990. Readers are offered a valuable overview of the diverse family laws of 1974, 1978, and 1992, their political objectives, and the debates surrounding them. The second part centers on the administration of justice at the court between 1983 and 1995.

Democratization in the Arab World? Yemen’s Aborted Opening

In 1990, North and South Yemen surprised the world by announcing that, along with the unification of the two countries, the new Republic of Yemen would bring democracy to the Arabian Peninsula. Rapid democratization seemed unlikely, given that Yemen is a mostly rural country with poor economic development, a lack of basic services in many areas, and low levels of literacy. But the first years after unifica- tion were promising. The country had a vibrant public sphere and the 1993 national elections produced a pluralistic parliament. Today, how- ever, the government more closely resembles the autocracy of the pre-unification North than a country in democratic transition. Although President Ali Abdallah Salih continues to call Yemen an emerging de- mocracy, 1 he seems uninterested in moving the country beyond tactical liberalization and toward a genuinely open political system. The Republic of Yemen was formed in May 1990, when the leaders of the Yemen Arab Republic (North Yemen) and the People's Demo- cratic Republic of Yemen (South Yemen)—the Arab world's only Marxist state since winning independence from Britain in 1967—agreed to unify their countries. 2 While the embrace of democracy was largely a strategic choice by which each intended to prevent the other from domi- nating, talk of unification dated to the 1970s, and South Yemen's leaders had been debating democratic reforms since the 1980s. With unifica- tion, each believed that it would do relatively well in the elections, maintaining its own base while winning support in the territory of the other. Unification took place fairly quickly. While some aspects of the North- South power-sharing arrangement were formalized, such as having the Jillian Schwedler is assistant professor of government and politics at the University of Maryland and chair of the Board of Directors of the Middle East Research and Information Project (MERIP), publisher of Middle East Report.

Impact of high-strength wastewater infiltration on groundwater quality and drinking water supply: the case of Sana'a, Yemen

In Sana'a, the capital of the Yemen Arab Republic, a major well inventory was compiled in 1995 during which samples were analysed for major cations and anions. Five years later the opportunity was taken to repeat the exercise on a sub-set of the original wells. The results showed that groundwater in the urban area was characterised by high concentrations of almost all major cations and anions due to the continuous infiltration of wastewater into the aquifers via cesspits. The dominant watertype appeared to be CaCl2. The Cl−-concentration ranged from 3 to 10mmol/l and NO3−-concentration ranged from 1 to 3mmol/l while NH4+ was absent in all samples. It is concluded that cation exchange has taken place. Ca2+ in groundwater has been enriched, while Na+, K+ and NH4+ have been depleted. Groundwater affected by wastewater had pH values of 0.5–1 unit lower than groundwater not affected by wastewater, indicating that acidification has taken place. Over the period between the two surveys, concentrations of almost all major anions and cations increased, while pH decreased, both owing to the continuous infiltration of wastewater. An exploratory one-dimensional transport model of a 200m column of the aquifer underlying Sana'a showed that, over a 15-year period of continuous wastewater infiltration, a quarter of the NH4+ present in raw sewage would oxidise to NO3− thereby producing acidity and some 60% would be adsorbed. The model indicates that after 50 years of wastewater infiltration, exchange of NH4+ has become limited due to the limited cation exchange capacity (CEC) of the soil. Therefore more NH4+ will be oxidised to NO3− and [NO3−] in groundwater will rise. At the same time, groundwater in the zone of NH4+ oxidation will become very acid due to a lack of buffering minerals. The modelling studies, together with the results from the surveys, tend to indicate that up to 12% of the current population of the city could be dependent on contaminated groundwater for their drinking water supply.

Environmental Research in Support of Archaeological Investigations in the Yemen Arab Republic, 1985-1987

Environmental Research in Support of Archaeological Investigations in the Yemen Arab Republic, 1985-1987

"The chaste woman takes her chastity wherever she goes"

The collapse of AdenThis paper traces public discourses on women in a socially turbulent period of time in Aden. Aden was the capital of the People’s Democratic Republic of Yemen (PDRY) until May 1990, when the PDRY and the Yemen Arab Republic (YAR) unified to form the new Republic of Yemen with capital in San’a. This unification, long aspired to by all Yemenis, turned to be a tragedy for Aden as the city became marginalised and was left to decline. Adeni people soon lost their enthusiasm abo...

Environmental research in support of archaeological investigations in the Yemen Arab Republic, 1982–1987

GeoarchaeologyVolume 13, Issue 7 p. 743-746 Book Review Environmental research in support of archaeological investigations in the Yemen Arab Republic, 1982–1987 Rolfe D. Mandel, Corresponding Author Rolfe D. Mandel Department of Geography, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045-2121Department of Geography, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045-2121Search for more papers by this author Rolfe D. Mandel, Corresponding Author Rolfe D. Mandel Department of Geography, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045-2121Department of Geography, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045-2121Search for more papers by this author First published: 07 December 1998 https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1520-6548(199810)13:7<743::AID-GEA5>3.0.CO;2-6AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Volume13, Issue7October 1998Pages 743-746 RelatedInformation