Hi-Vision Research Articles

Teacher training for inclusion. Wearing a yellow vest at school or daily practices that we learn to resignify

ABSTRACT This paper analyses a research developed at the University of Cantabria (Spain) committed to inclusive education, as it proposes a process of collaborative enquiry into relevant educational concepts related to attention to diversity. The work carried out by the university students (preservice teachers) resulted in the production of a dictionary constructed from several voices (informants). The study is qualitative and involves 4 university professors (they are also the researchers) and 70 students of the Education Degree. Here we present the results of the enquiry process into the concept of the ‘yellow vest’. This project has been led by three preservice teachers with the participation of five six-year-old students, three tutors and two support specialists as informants. This enquiry project functions as the epitome of the training process and demonstrates how inclusion is a socially anchored process. The results highlight a number of factors that contribute to making teacher education inclusive: the agency of university students in their training process; recognition of the value of diverse voices in order to build legitimate knowledge; deliberative dialogue in inclusive education; the use of heterogeneous communicative languages.

La conscience sociale des Gilets jaunes : étude sociologique de représentations en lutte

Cet article rend compte de la grande hétérogénéité des consciences sociales parmi les Gilets jaunes. À partir d’une analyse socio-discursive des représentations du monde social de protestataires rassemblés sur un rond-point du Berry, il vise à appréhender les conflits internes qui ont émaillé la mobilisation et leurs conséquences. À l’aune de ces résultats, la structuration du mouvement des Gilets jaunes contre ceux d’en haut est discutée.

(Invited) Textile-based Electronic/fluidic Platforms Towards Wearable Diagnostic Sensor Systems

The fields of flexible electronics and microfluidic-based labs-on-a-chip continue to advance, with new devices and systems-level technologies reported on a daily basis. However, much of this advancement is limited to each of these fields separately, rather than development of platforms for combining flexible electronics and microfluidics together to realize wearable sensors and sensor systems. We present new approaches for combining electronics and microfluidic devices together on wearable textile-based substrates, resulting in combined systems that are highly portable, mechanically flexible, and can be easily integrated with clothing. We develop polymer materials traditionally used for artistic designs on clothing for use as engineering materials, i.e., as the base polymer for conductive electronics that can be integrated with polymer microfluidic channels printed in the same materials. Unlike other techniques, our technologies and materials are highly compatible with clothing-based textiles, and result in non-polarizable electrodes for improved frequency response. Our platforms can be laundered, facilitating rugged wearable devices and systems for biomedical and environmental monitoring. Application areas for our flexible and wearable platforms include health care, worker safety, food safety, consumer devices, personalized medicine and biomedical and environmental monitoring. We present technologies for specific applications that include: lighting and health monitors for safety vests; heart and perspiration (pH, lactate) monitors for athletic clothing; and wearable bioelectric and biochemical monitoring.

When the revolution did not look like you thought it would: the Yellow Vest Movement through radical-left activists’ imaginaries

ABSTRACT The radical left in France has been in decline in France since the 1980s, with union-membership falling and working-class voters moving towards the populist radical right. When the Yellow Vest Movement (YVM) appeared in 2018, it seemed to encapsulate the very demographic that the radical left had lost touch with. However, the YVM did not appear as a straightforward left-wing movement, with unions and radical-left parties branding it as a petty bourgeois tax-protest or as the radical right in disguise. This article is based on interviews with radical-left activists that decided to join the YVM to wage ideological combat within it. Building on a grounded theory approach concerned primarily with culture, I investigate how Marxist social imaginaries shaped the activists’ interpretation of the YVM. In particular, I explore the key concepts ‘vanguardism’, ‘revolutionary spontaneity’ and ‘false consciousness’ to understand the interviewees’ often contradicting rationales and interpretations of the YVM. I find that the radical-left activists got involved in the YVM with the objective of turning it into a left-wing movement, while at the same time appreciating the disorganized, horizontal anti-intellectualism of the YVM.

Framing the Yellow Vests Protests in the French Press

ABSTRACT This study examines how four key French newspapers that vary in their positions and outreach, (Le Monde—central leftist, Le Figaro—central rightist, L‘Humanité—leftist, and La Croix— Catholic) covered the Yellow Vests (YV) movement. Specifically, it examines how the newspapers vary in their use of positive and negative frames, sources, and tone towards the YV protests during a six-month period. Analyses of frames reveal that the most prevalent across all newspapers was the legitimising frame (positive), and the least used was the delegitimising frame (negative). Additionally, Le Monde and Le Figaro shared slightly similar results of negatively framing the events in just more than half of their coverage despite their distinct political leanings. Several differences were also found between L‘Humanité and the remaining publications; while official sources were the most used sources by Le Monde, La Croix, and Le Figaro, L‘Humanité relied mostly on YV sources and presented the most overwhelmingly positive tone toward the YV movement. These results lend support to some perceived public concerns over the critical portrayal of the YV protests and overreliance on official narratives in the French press but show that significant disparities remain in the news coverage among newspapers with different ideological orientations.

INDIGNATION AS AFFECTIVE TRANSFORMATION: AN AFFECT-THEORETICAL APPROACH TO THE BELGIAN YELLOW VEST MOVEMENT

In social movement research, indignation features prominently as an affect that triggers protest and mobilization. Yet, scholarly accounts rarely unpack the precise ways in which indignation performs these roles, and how it transforms individuals who join mobilization. This article conceptualizes indignation as a moment of affective transformation, based on affect-theoretical insights and drawing on the empirical analysis of the Belgian yellow vest movement (BYV). Building on focus groups, participant observations, and interviews, we unpack the complex affectivity of indignation and the dynamics that underlie indignation in the context of protest and mobilization. We find that indignation enables three affective transformations: (1) it acts as a tipping point that follows from individual feelings of resentment; (2) it is a moment of affective resonance that binds individuals in affective communities, (3) it acts as affective bifurcation from the disempowered state of fear and towards the reclaiming of political power.

The Value of Transrectal Ultrasound in the Preoperative Diagnosis of Complex Anal Fistula (CAF): Based on a Retrospective Cohort Study.

The Value of Transrectal Ultrasound in the Preoperative Diagnosis of Complex Anal Fistula (CAF): Based on a Retrospective Cohort Study.

Chapitre 7. Comment engager le citoyen dans les discussions bioéthiques et environnementales ?

From the problem of the increase in the price of diesel by a few cents (cf. the movement of the Yellow Vests), we have moved on to the political question of the economic impact of the ecological transition on the middle and especially vulnerable social classes. In this same national debate in 2018, among the 32 questions asked was that of secularism. The environmental question is resolutely bioethical coupled with other concepts including freedom of conscience. It recalls the Rawlsian question of “how to live together?”. It is an integral part of the ongoing political programs for the 2022 presidential elections. How to debate and engage the citizen in bioethical and sustainable development discussions?

Countermeasures to Reduce Truck-Mounted Attenuator (TMA) Crashes: A State-of-the-Art Review

To support worker and driver safety, this study conducted a comprehensive literature review to identify methods of enhancing TMA visibility, improving work zone configurations, and ensuring worker safety. To increase TMA recognition, this study observed that the use of a 6-to-8-inch wide yellow and black inverted ‘V’ pattern of retroreflective chevron markings, sloped at a 45-degree angle downward in both directions from the upper center of a rear panel is effective in alerting drivers to work zones. This study also recommends applying amber and white warning LEDs, which flash in an asynchronous pattern at a 1 Hz frequency and are mounted against a solid-colored background for a 360-degree view visible at least 1500 feet from the work zone. In addition, a work zone vehicle configuration consisting of a lead, buffer, and advance warning truck with a buffer space between 100 and 150 ft is suggested to reduce the risk of lateral intrusions and TMA roll-ahead. In parallel, workers should wear high-visibility vests noticeable at a minimum distance of 1000 feet and headwear with at least 10 square inches of retroreflective material. Some intelligent transport systems are also suggested to enhance TMA recognition and potentially minimize work zone fatalities. Application of the recommended guidelines will potentially improve current practices and significantly reduce the occurrence of TMA crashes in construction and maintenance work zones.

Assessing intolerance, the level of protest on the internet and the impact of botfarms on political life in modern France from a sociological standpoint

The relevance of the stated research subject is conditioned upon the fact that the rapid development of Internet technologies has established conditions for the self-organisation of the population and the development of an entirely new quality of citizens’ participation in the political process in democratic countries. It is particularly reflected in the emergence of protest movements, which in the modern world are marked by a lack of clearly defined leaders and a horizontal organisational structure. The purpose of this research is to assess the level of protest sentiment on the Internet in contemporary France, the impact of bot activities on social and political life in the country and the development of political activism. The author applied a set of general scientific and specific research methods to solve the objectives identified. The structural-functional method provided the foundation for a study of the impact of modern information and communication technologies on French political life against the backdrop of the “yellow vests” protests. In addition, the author used systemic, comparative, socio-psychological and institutional methods. The results of the study should be considered as determining the role of social media and other platforms in the rise of protest sentiments in France and assessing manifestations of intolerance in the French segment of the Internet. Particular attention was devoted to the activities of botfarms and their influence in “warming up” the protest and destabilising the socio-political situation. The results of this research have significance for political forces that target the consolidation of the electorate by using information and communication technologies and using the online environment to mobilise society and engage citizens more broadly in protest actions. In addition, the author considered the activity of Internet bots as a tool to influence society in a democratic country and a method of fighting in the information war

From the People, Like the People, or For the People? Candidate Appraisal Among the French Yellow Vests

Whereas populist citizens are usually described as being driven by individual discontent, this article builds on the notion that they are also spurred by sociotropic concerns. Taking the French Yellow Vests populist movement and its flagship referendum on popular initiative as a case study, we address the mechanism by which discontent is directed into an instrumental orientation, and how this mechanism translates into voting choice. Using a conjoint experiment, we find that a candidate supportive of citizen initiative referendum garners the most support, especially among protesters with strong people‐centric attitudes, even when competing with a candidate signaling her ideological proximity by means of an antielite statement. Results therefore enrich extant literature on voter‐politician congruency by suggesting that congruency between people‐centrism and the prospects of more direct democracy is a way for populist citizens to make their vote choice.

Posters and protesters

Do social media incite protest movements, how? How does onsite protest shape online communication dynamics on social media? We examine the oft-debated relationship between social media activity and protest, considering the Yellow Vests or Gilets Jaunes movement in France. We use data of temporal and spatial distribution of Facebook activity and onsite events over a year of social mobilization to address these questions within a system of interacting online and offline activity. This study contrasts with others by analyzing mutual influences between online and offline domains while considering collective information diffusion in social networks. The results show that the relationship between social media activity and onsite protests is not constant nor one-sided, but mutual, and that it changes over the course of the collective action in specific and measurable ways. Using online and offline data, we show different mechanisms by which both domains of activity influence each other. Specifically, the creation of Facebook groups impacts the outbreak of protests, and in turn, this outbreak modifies the parameters of information diffusion between users on Facebook. In addition, Facebook content that pertains to the frames of the movement and mobilization affects onsite mobilization efforts. Our work contributes to the modeling of social movements as systems of online and offline events, expanding on studies that traditionally examine the impact of online activity over onsite protest.

A computed tomography—negative pancreatic lesion diagnosed by endoscopic ultrasound imaging enhancement (with video)

A 50-year-old woman was admitted for slightly elevated serum carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (39 U/mL) and negative findings from 2 rounds of computed tomography (CT) scanning at a 6-month interval (A). The patient underwent EUS examination. In the initial scanning, the pancreatic parenchyma was normal, without ductal dilatation. To avoid missing a potential isoechoic lesion, we next performed imaging enhancement by adjusting the acoustic parameters in the US (HI VISION Preirus, Hitachi, Tokyo, Japan).

Mapping public support for climate solutions in France

Although successful sustainability transitions depend on public support, we still know little about citizens’ opinions on climate solutions. Existing research often focuses on the problem perception of climate change rather than analyzing attitudes toward specific climate solutions. Studies also largely use closed questions to assess public opinion, posing a problem of ecological validity. Here, we address these gaps by leveraging data from a large-scale public consultation process, the “Grand Débat National”, launched by the French government in response to the Yellow Vest movement in 2019. Combining structural topic modelling, dictionary-based text analysis and qualitative coding, we map the salience and directionality of public opinion on climate solutions. We find that consultation participants perceive climate change as the most salient environmental problem. Transforming the transport and energy sectors is the most supported solution for addressing climate change. For these two sectors, substitution-based climate solutions - as opposed to sufficiency- or efficiency-based measures - are most salient. For instance, participants stress the need to expand public transport infrastructure and switch to renewable energy technologies for power generation. Our findings demonstrate a strong public consensus on most substitution-based climate solutions, except for the role of cars and nuclear energy. While most participants do not link climate solutions to specific policy instruments, we find preferences for authority-based instruments in the context of phasing out polluting technologies, and treasury-based instruments for supporting innovation and phasing in low carbon technologies.

Les Gilets jaunes au prisme d’objets culturels audiovisuels

En s’appuyant sur la théorie de la reconnaissance développée par Honneth (2013 ; 2008), nous questionnons les représentations du mouvement des Gilets Jaunes à partir d’objets culturels musicaux. Plus spécifiquement, il s’agit d’interroger la possibilité d’analyser un mouvement social à la lumière de la sphère de reconnaissance affective – ce qui ne va pas de soi dans le cadre de la théorie honnethienne – et, dans cette perspective, de questionner une éventuelle spécificité de l’expression d’une critique immanente, à travers la mise en mots ou en images d’une violence protéiforme. Cette dernière semble participer de l’expression d’une attente de reconnaissance affective implicite, dont la souffrance constitue un moteur, un indice. Expression publique d’un texte caché, cette violence peut ainsi être appréhendée comme un refus d’une abstraction des rapports sociaux, et, en regard, comme un appel à une politique prenant en compte les affects.

Injuries and Overuse Injuries in Show Jumping-A Retrospective Epidemiological Cross-Sectional Study of Show Jumpers in Germany.

This retrospective cross-sectional epidemiological study deals with sport-specific injury patterns in show jumping. A total of 363 show jumpers of all levels (S) answered a retrospective questionnaire about injuries and overuse damages which occurred in the course of their careers. Demographic data and information on injuries in various body regions were collected. In addition to descriptive analysis, significance tests were performed. For better statistical comparability with other sports, exposure time was extrapolated with total career duration and weekly training hours, and injuries per 1000 jumping hours were calculated. The study included 251 (69%) women and 112 (31%) men, who were on average 26.9 ± 10.9 years old. The injury rate for the entire collective was 3.7 per 1000 h of exposure. The most frequently affected body region was the head (31%). Overuse complaints play a subordinate role and mainly affect the upper extremities (65%). The riders of the professional lower performance levels are less likely to injure themselves per 1000 h than riders of the higher performance levels. Riders who often or always wore a helmet suffered significantly fewer head injuries (p = 0.008) and had a significantly lower total injury duration than riders who did not wear a helmet (p = 0.006). Similarly, the study showed that riders who often or always wore a safety vest suffered significantly fewer spinal injuries (p = 0.017) and had significantly fewer injuries per 1000 riding hours (p = 0.031) than riders who did not wear a safety vest. Based on the present results, there should be an extension of the general helmet requirement and a requirement to wear safety vests in show jumping in general.

The Yellow Vests in France: Psychosocial Determinants and Consequences of the Adherence to a Social Movement in a Representative Sample of the Population

The aim of this research is to identify what social and psychological variables may attract people to a social protest movement, namely the Yellow Vests (YVs) in France, which originated in October 2018. This analysis, albeit correlational, may nevertheless give important hints to identify in an exploratory way what causal factors could lead people (a) to become a sympathizer of the movement and (b) to become a member of that movement, and what psychosocial consequences would derive from (a) and (b). Notably, the role of conspiracy beliefs and anomie will be scrutinized because of their role in fostering non-normative political violence. In this purpose, we analyzed the results of a poll conducted on a representative sample of the French population (<em>N</em> = 1760). This survey explored a range of respondents’ attitudes towards social issues and towards the YVs movement. Our analyses showed that adherence to the YVs movement is mainly caused by socio-economic factors (such as educational level, economic capital) and belonging to political extremes (far left and even more far right), relying on and probably increasing distrust toward authorities and unconventional beliefs (paranormal and conspiracist). Ultimately, adherence to the movement seems triggered by the objective factor of dependency on a car and endorsement of conspiracist beliefs; whereas, simple sympathy is related to a less irrational form of accusation of authorities, low subjective economic capital, and pessimism toward the future. YVs also more often use social media and Youtube, but less often use media websites and newspapers as their first source of information.

Yellow Vests, Pessimistic Beliefs, and Carbon Tax Aversion

Using a representative survey, we find that after the Yellow Vests movement, French people would largely reject a tax and dividend policy, i.e., a carbon tax whose revenues are redistributed uniformly to each adult. They overestimate their net monetary losses, wrongly think that the policy is regressive, and do not perceive it as environmentally effective. We show that changing people’s beliefs can substantially increase support. Although significant, the effects of our informational treatments on beliefs are small. Indeed, the respondents that oppose the tax tend to discard positive information about it, which is consistent with distrust, uncertainty, or motivated reasoning. (JEL D83, H23, H31, Q54, Q58)

Textile Slotted Waveguide Antennas for Body-Centric Applications.

One of the major challenges in the development of wearable antennas is to design an antenna that can at the same time satisfy technical requirements, be aesthetically acceptable, and be suitable for wearable applications. In this paper, a novel wearable antenna is proposed—textile realization of a slotted waveguide antenna. The antenna is realized using conductive fabric to manufacture the walls of a rectangular waveguide in which the slots were cut out. All connections and cuts are sewn with conductive thread taking over advantages of the traditional process of manufacturing textile objects. The developed slotted waveguide array prototype, containing three slots and designed for operation in the 5.8-GHz ISM band, is experimentally characterized and compared to an equivalent metallic antenna. The achieved operating bandwidth is larger than 300 MHz in both cases. The measured gain of a textile slotted waveguide array is around 9 dBi with a radiation efficiency larger than 50% in the whole operating bandwidth, i.e., the textile array showed a 2 dB lower gain in comparison to the metallic counterpart. The gain is stable in the whole bandwidth and the radiation patterns do not differ. The results demonstrated that such textile antennas are suitable for body-centric communication and sensor systems and can be integrated into clothing, e.g., into a smart safety vest or into a uniform. Further analysis of various realizations of slotted waveguide antennas is presented showing that different versions of the proposed antenna can be used in all three off-body, on-body, and in-body communication scenarios.

Leaving the Discursive Definition of Populist Social Movements: The Case of the Yellow Vest Movement

In this article, I analyze whether the case of the Yellow Vest movement fits Paris Aslanidis’ definition of populist social movements, and find that within the discursive theoretical framework Aslanidis adheres to, it does. However, I use the case of the Yellow Vest movement to demonstrate how this discursive approach lacks explanatory potential. I therefore propose moving away from a discursive definition of populist social movements, and advocate for studying political content as a way of detecting common interests shaped by political and societal structures that are shared by participants in a populist social movement. A theory of populist social movements must look at political and economic structures as well as individual agency, framing, and collective identity as a way to explain mobilization. A discursive approach to populism, which only considers language, is therefore not sufficient to explain movements such as the Yellow Vest movement.