Abstract This study aims at identifying some mechanisms based on spectral features through continuous wavelet (CWT) analysis, and examining their estimating and discriminating power. In 2003, an inoculation of yellow rust fungal was conducted. Field measurements of canopy reflectance and biochemical properties were made with 5–7 day intervals during key growing period. Through atwo-tailed paired student t-test, it was found that the variation of chlorophyll content is closely associated with the yellow rust infection. Based on this relationship, four spectral features were thus identified by CWT analysis. According to the results of stepwise linear regression and partial least squares (PLS) regression, the estimating power of those spectral features was not satisfied. However, the discriminating power of those features was revealed by linear discrimination analysis (LDA) and quadratic discriminate analysis (QDA), which yielded a success rate of 76.4%. Therefore, the CWT analysis and discriminate analysis ...