Yellow Orange Research Articles

Unusual presentation of lipemia retinalis in pregnancy

A 27-year-old female with 6 months amenorrhea and pregnancy induced hypertension was referred from Obstetrics Department for routine fundus examination. Vision and anterior segment were normal. Fundus examination showed media clear and disc normal. Vessels showed yellowish orange in color, becoming more paler toward periphery and no distinction between arteries and veins. On suspecting lipemia retinalis, we advised lipid profile, which showed very high triglyceride levels. The patient was referred to endocrinologist for opinion. Even if it is asymptomatic condition, it should not be ignored and we should advise immediate treatment to prevent cardiovascular complications and fetal anomalies.

Chlorostroma vestlandicum sp. nov., a host-specific mycoparasite on Hypoxylon vogesiacum from western Norway

The new species Chlorostroma vestlandicum is described from coarse dead wood of Ulmus glabra in western Norway. It was invariably found in close association with Hypoxylon vogesiacum and appears to be mycoparasitic on this species. With a strikingly orange entostroma, tiny perithecia and specialized habitat association it is a highly distinctive species. C. vestlandicum differs from the type species by the color of the entostroma (bright yellow orange as opposed to ochraceous), iodine reaction of the apical apparatus, ascospores (more or less ellipsoid as opposed to more or less cuboid). The surface is not green or bluegreen as in the previously described species, albeit dark greenish blackish in section. Its distribution seems to cover mainly the hemiboreal regions of western Norway, an area not yet affected but threatened by Dutch elm disease. It is probably a rare species restricted to the most dead wood rich sites with big populations of H. vogesiacum.

Lithofacies architecture and depositional environment of Late Cretaceous Lameta Formation, central India

Establishment of lithofacies and interpretation of depositional environment of the Lameta Formation have been carried out for a new area having three nearby exposures. Overall, the successions are broadly differentiable into three major units, i.e. arenaceous in the lower part, argillaceous in middle and calcareous at the top, which more or less serve as three lithofacies associations. Each association consists of various lithofacies which are identified and established on the basis of field observations, added with significant petrological details. The arenaceous association includes five lithofacies, viz. massive sandstone lithofacies; green sandstone lithofacies; thinly bedded, yellowish orange and greyish brown sandstone lithofacies; coarse-grained sandstone lithofacies and dark brown bioturbated sandstone lithofacies. The argillaceous lithofacies association consists of yellowish-brownish-greenish clay–siltstone lithofacies and light grey silty–clay with concretions lithofacies, whereas the calcareous lithofacies association is represented by calcrete lithofacies, nodular limestone lithofacies, chertified limestone lithofacies and intraformational breccia lithofacies. The facies analysis reveals that the deposition of Late Cretaceous Lameta sediments took place in fluvial–lacustrine environments in semi arid condition.

Photoluminescence and Magnetism in Mn2+-Doped ZnO Nanostructures Grown Rapidly by the Microwave Hydrothermal Method

Zn1–xMnxO nanostructures were synthesized via the microwave-assisted hydrothermal method, which rapidly produces particles of controlled size and morphology. Samples were analyzed considering the effects of manganese ion concentration. XRD revealed that all samples had wurtzite-type structure with Mn2+ ions incorporated in the oxide lattice. UV–vis spectra showed absorption bands from the d–d transitions of Mn2+ ions. As the doping concentration increased, the value of the energy gap decreased, indicating intermediary energy levels within the band gap in the Mn-doped ZnO samples. All samples produced broad-band photoluminescence (PL) emissions in the yellow–orange–red range. Additionally, the PL intensity decreased with Mn2+ ion incorporation into the ZnO lattice due to the creation of new recombination centers. Microscopy images showed that manganese in the ZnO matrix produced homogeneously distributed nanostructures. EPR results indicated two locations of Mn2+ ions in the ZnO lattice, lower concentratio...

PM 7/116 (1)Tetranychus evansi

PM 7/116 (1)<i>Tetranychus evansi</i>

Photoluminescence investigation about zinc oxide with graphene oxide & reduced graphene oxide buffer layers

ZnO with graphene oxide (GO–ZnO) & reduced graphene oxide (rGO–ZnO) buffer layers were fabricated. Photoluminescence (PL) properties of GO–ZnO and rGO–ZnO compositions induced by oxygen vacancies defects were investigated using photoluminescence spectroscopy. The results showed that blue emission is quenched while yellow–orange emissions from GO–ZnO and rGO–ZnO compositions are significantly increased as compared to that of ZnO films. In stark contrast to enhanced yellow–orange emissions, PL spectra show three sharp, discrete emissions that characterize the dominant optical active defect, which is the oxygen vacancies and extended oxygen vacancies. Our results highlight the ability of GO & rGO buffer layers to modulate defect concentrations in ZnO and contribute to understanding the optical properties of deep-level defects, which is significant for development of long-wavelength photoelectric devices related with graphene materials.

Effects of PMMA/anisole hybrid coatings on discoloration performance of nano zerovalent iron toward organic dyes

To elucidate the effects of poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA)/anisole coatings on discoloration performance of nano zerovalent iron (NZVI), PMMA/anisole co-modified NZVI (PNZVI) was fabricated. PMMA/anisole-assisted fabrication of NZVI, to form PNZVI, has enhanced the oxidation resistance of NZVI and reduced its agglomeration. However, such coatings on NZVI surface gave an inhibition to discoloration reactivity of NZVI toward the selected dyes (i.e. acid fuchsine, sunset yellow and methyl orange). Further exploration showed that increasing initial concentration of acid fuchsine demonstrated an enhanced inhibition of the hybrid coatings to its discoloration efficiency by NZVI, whereas increasing NZVI dosage and solution temperature demonstrated a decreased inhibition to its discoloration efficiency. Additionally, the increased pH value reduced the discoloration reactivity of NZVI toward acid fuchsine but weakened the inhibition of the hybrid coatings. Such inhibitory effects might be ascribed to the inhibited mass transfer, blocked reactive sites, restrained electron transfer and reactive species caused by the hybrid coatings. Interestingly, the chloride ions are favorable for the enhancement of PNZVI reactivity whereas unfavorable for bare NZVI, and the discoloration kinetics by PNZVI and bare NZVI can both be well-described by empirical rate equation. This study suggests that polymer coatings play a crucial role between particle stability and reactivity of NZVI.

Fatty nodules of the dermis of the upper eyelids: a new entity

Dear Editor,Acquiredyellowishlesionsofvarioushuesinvolvingonlytheskin of the eyelids are generally caused by lipidized histio-cytes (xanthelasma, xanthoma) [1, 2] or lipidized epithelialcells (sebaceous tumors) [ 3, 4]. We report an extraordinarycase of a late middle aged woman with bilateral nasal uppereyelid, yellow–orange, mildly elevated nodules due to acomplete focal replacement of an involved segment of thedermis by mature adipocytes.A62-year-oldwomanfirstnotedpainless,yellowish,upperinner eyelid discolorations in 2008. They slowly enlarged tobecome mildly elevated, and focally marginated nodules.They were soft and compressible. On ophthalmic examina-tion, performed on March 5, 2013, each lesion was oval andsoft with irregular borders (Fig. 1a). Visual acuity was 20/40in each eye. There was no ptosis. The eye examination wasremarkable for bilateral posterior chamber intraocular lenseswith Descemet’s stripping endothelial keratoplasties (DSEK)for Fuchs’ dystrophy. The patient denied using makeup(exceptforaneyebrowpencil),anyinjectionsaroundtheeyes,skin conditions including similar lesions elsewhere, systemicmedicines or diseases, and a diet with excessive fruit orvegetable intake. A recent complete blood count and lipidprofile obtained as part of a thorough clinical checkup werewithinnormallimits.Becauseofslowenlargement,thepatientwantedthelesionsexcised.Atbilateralsurgery,theorbicularismuscle was clearly observed and noted to be free of dehis-cences; the medial fat pads were not encountered. After5 months of follow-up, the lesions have not recurred.Thegrossspecimensmeasured0.9×0.4cmand0.7×0.5cm,with 0.2 cm of thickness. Microscopically, the dermis of botheyelid specimens was dominated by well-developed, large,univacuolar lipocytes that extended throughout its full thick-ness, sparing only a thin lamina of collagen beneath a non-disturbed epidermis. Hair structures and sweat glands werepreserved (Fig. 1b, top and bottom panels). The fat cells wereS-100 positive (Fig. 1c) and there were many thin trichrome-positive strands of surviving dermal collagen (Fig. 1d). Alcianblue staining was negative. Rare multinucleated histiocytescontainingeither delicate granules or fine lipidic vacuoles wereobserved (Fig. 1e). CD68 confirmed the presence of a lightdispersion of small, non-activated histiocytes (Fig. 1f).Thecurrentpatient’soval,palpable,yellow-orange,elevat-edlesionswithfocallywell-definedmargins(“puddlesoffat”)differ from the flat or placoid, creamy-yellow appearance ofxanthelasma with ill-defined edges [1]. Abundant ectopicdermal lipocytes constituted the main pathologic feature, andprobably arose from metaplasia of dermalfibroblast-like stro-mal cells. Lipocytes can occur among dermal nevus cells;osteomas of the dermis [5] and osteolipomas are additionalexamples of metaplastic phenomena [6]. An intramuscularlipoma of the orbicularis has been described [7], but eyeliddermal involvement by a solitary lipoma or polypoidal nevuslipomatosus has not been reported [6]. The underlyingorbicularis muscle in the current case did not display a dehis-cence that might have permitted prolapse of more deeplylocatedfat.Injectionsoffat,paraffin,orsiliconeandentrappedointment create multiloculated, extracellular lipogranulomashistopathologicallythatarerimmedbymononucleatedepithe-lioid cells and multinucleated giant cells [8, 9].There is one relevant report in the dermatology literature[10] of a group of 27 French patients with flat, superonasal

Fermentation and quality of yellow pigments from golden brown rice solid culture by a selected Monascus mutant

A single peak (λmax 370) yellow pigment-producing mutant derived from Monascus sp. TISTR 3179 was used for the pigment production in solid rice culture. Various factors affecting yellow tones were investigated. Hom-mali rice variety was the best amongst five Thai local varieties used for fungus culture. It was also better than corn, mungbean, soybean, potato, sweet potato, or cassava tubers. The moisture content and temperature were the key environmental factors affecting the color tones of creamy, tangerine, and golden brown rice solid cultures. The golden brown rice culture gave the highest yellow pigment concentration. Under an optimum room temperature of 28-32 °C, an initial moisture content of 42 %, and 7-day-old inoculum size of 2 % (v/w) the maximum yield at 2,224.63 A370U/gdw of yellow pigment was produced. A mellow yellow powder at 550 A370U/gdw could be obtained using spray-drying techniques. The powder had a moisture content of 5.15 %, a water activity value of 0.398, a hue angle of 73.70 ° (yellowish orange), high lightness (L) of 74.63, color saturation (C) of 28.97, a neutral pH of 7.42, 0.12 % acidity and solubility of 0.211 g/10 ml. It was noteworthy that the Chinese fresh noodle with spray-dried yellow powder showed no discoloration during 8-day storage.

Three new Inocephalus species with cuboid basidiospores from New South Wales and Queensland, Australia

Three new Inocephalus species with cuboid spores are described from central New South Wales and northern Queensland, Australia. Inocephalus plicatus is diagnosed by its yellow pileus becoming plicate-striate and yellowish orange when mature, pungent odor, bitter taste, and pseudocystidia on all lamellar surfaces. Inocephalus hypipamee is differentiated by its brown umbonate pileus, white lamellae and stipe, obclavate cheilocystidia, subisodiametric basidiospores and clampless hyphae. Inocephalus parvisporus possesses small basidiospores and a Leptonia-like stature.

Discoloration of aqueous textile dyes solution by Phanerochaete chrysosporium immobilized in modified PVA matrix

This study investigates the performance of immobilized Phanerochaete chrysosporium in modified PVA matrix in removing a mixture of textile dyes consisting of Yellow FG, Red 3BS, Orange 3R, Blue RSP, Black B, and remazol turquoise blue from aqueous solution. The effects of agitation and temperature were thoroughly investigated in determining the optimum operating condition of dye discoloration using central composite design. Optimum condition was determined as 100 rpm and 35°C. Evidently, adsorption only plays a minor role in removing these dyes as it contributes to about 8% of color removal. The rest of color removal could be attributed to fungal enzymatic biodegradation, particularly the highly regarded manganese peroxidase. Manganese peroxidase assay revealed that a maximum enzyme activity of 174 U/l was achieved in the third cycle of repeated use. The reusability test also revealed that the immobilized fungus could be used for up to six cycles with a peak of 82% of discoloration, where discoloration started to fluctuate until the fifth cycle before a sharp decrease in dye discoloration was observed. The incidence of aromatic ring breakage was confirmed by FTIR analysis as indicated by the occurrence of certain corresponding peaks.

Color tunable green–yellow–orange–red Er3+/Eu3+-codoped PbGeO3:PbF2:CdF2 glass phosphor for application in white-LED technology

Color tunable wide gamut light covering the greenish, yellow–green, yellow, orange, and reddish tone chromaticity region in Er3+/Eu3+-codoped lead–cadmium–germanate PbGeO3:PbF2:CdF2 glass phosphor is presented. The phosphors were synthesized, and their light emission properties examined under UV and blue LED excitation. Luminescence emission around 525, 550, 590, 610, and 660nm was obtained and analyzed as a function of Eu/Er concentration, excitation wavelength, and glass host composition. The color tunability was actually obtained via proper combination of Er3+ and Eu3+ active ions concentration. The combination of the emission tone with blue LEDs in the region of 400–460nm, yielded a mixture of light with color in the white-light region presenting a color correlated temperature in the range of 2000–4000K. Results indicate that the color-tunable fluorolead germanate erbium/europium co-doped glass phosphor herein reported is a promising novel contender for application in LED-based solid-state illumination technology

Local Aetiology and Pathways to Care in Malaria among the Ibibio of South-coastal Nigeria

There is a parallel between local and bio-medical perceptions of malaria among the Ibibio people of South-coastal Nigeria, as in many other societies of sub-Saharan Africa where malaria is endemic. Despite the fact that this accounts for resilience of the disease, earlier studies on malaria in Africa focused on causes, prevalence and socio-environmental factors. Local meanings of malaria and their influence on therapeutic choices have been largely ignored. This study examines local perceptions of malaria among the Ibibio and explains how attitudes are generated from indigenous meanings. It also examines how such attitudes inform a local aetiology of malaria. Similarly, our study examines how local meanings of, and attitudes towards malaria, set the pathway of care in malaria management among the Ibibio. Through qualitative and descriptive ethnography, Key Informant Interview (KII), Focus Group Discussion (FGD) and the textual analysis of documents, our study seeks to establish that malaria is caused by parasites–protozoa. 83% of the respondents held that malaria is due to witchcraft, exposure to sunlight and eating of yellowish food items such as yellow maize, paw-paw, orange and red oil. These local perceptions are drawn from local conceptions which in turn encourage malaria patients to seek assistance outside modern health care facilities. This also discourages local communities from attending health education workshops that link malaria with germ theory and care. Treatment of malaria is thus mostly home-based where a wide variety of traditional remedies is practiced. Our study concludes that the lack of convergence between local knowledge-contents and bio-medical explanations account for a high prevalence rate and the lack of effective management. For proper management of malaria, there is a need to understand local knowledge and indigenous concepts in order to establish a convergence between bio-medical explanations and indigenous perceptions. Only then can a community acceptable means of changing bio-medical perceptions of the disease be facilitated.

Colored solar selective absorbing coatings with metal Ti and dielectric AlN multilayer structure

The colored solar–thermal collectors have the advantages of architectural integration and color appearance. The solar selective absorbing coatings with a metal–dielectric multilayer structure can show different colors by changing the layer number and thickness. In this work, five colored coatings with a metal titanium (Ti) and dielectric aluminum nitride (AlN) multilayer structure were designed by the optical multilayer software and fabricated by magnetron sputtering. The color of the five coatings is black, purple, yellowish green, red, and yellowish orange. The energy performance, chromaticity, and brightness of the coatings were studied and compared. The results show that the solar absorbance of these coatings is between 0.82 and 0.94, the thermal emittance is between 0.05 and 0.27, and the brightness is in the range of 0.65–8.89%. These colored coatings can be produced by a commercial production process, and is suitable for the application of building integration.

Embryonic Development of Commercially Important Portunid Crab, Charybdis feriata (Linnaeus)

The quality and survival of newly hatched zoea will depend primarily on the embryonic development. So an attempt has been made to study the embryonic development in the portunid crab, Charybdis feriata. The embryonic development of C. feriata is divided into six stages, viz. blastula, gastrula, eye placode, pigment; heart beat and freshly hatched first zoea. In blastula stage, the eggs were round, golden yellow in colour and the diameter of the egg was 0.36 mm-0.37 mm. In gastrula stage, the eggs were round and deep yellow or yellowish orange in colour, and the diameter of the egg was 0.38 mm-0.39 mm. In eye placode stage, the eggs were round orange in colour and the diameter of egg was 40 mm-41 mm. In pigment stage, the eggs were brown in colour and the diameter of the egg was 0.42 mm-0.43 mm. In hear beat stage, the eggs were dark brown or black in colour, and the diameter of the egg was 0.44 mm-0.45 mm. The freshly hatched I zoea moved freely in the water, and its carapace length ranges from 1.05 mm-1.25 mm.

A magnetically separable P25/CoFe2O4/graphene catalyst with enhanced adsorption capacity and visible-light-driven photocatalytic activity

A straightforward strategy is designed for the fabrication of a magnetically separable P25/CoFe2O4/graphene photocatalyst with differing P25 contents via a facile one step hydrothermal approach. TEM observations show that graphene sheets are exfoliated and decorated with well-dispersed TiO2 and CoFe2O4 nanoparticles. The adsorption capacity and visible-light-driven photocatalytic activity are evaluated in terms of the efficiencies of adsorption and photodegradation of various dyes, including methylene blue (MB), methyl orange (MO) and neutral dark yellow (DY). The evaluation results demonstrate that the P25/CoFe2O4/graphene photocatalyst exhibits the best performance among P25/CoFe2O4/graphene (PCG), CoFe2O4/graphene (CG), P25/CoFe2O4 (PC) and P25/graphene (PG) photocatalysts, not only in the adsorption progress, but also in the photocatalytic degradation. The significant enhancement after combination can be attributed to the synergistic effect among individual components. Furthermore, CoFe2O4 nanoparticles themselves have excellent magnetic properties, which are largely maintained in the composite, and therefore, it is no longer necessary to introduce additional magnetic supports for magnetic separation in a suspension system.

A new processable and fluorescent polydithienylpyrrole electrochrome with pyrene appendages

A new hybrid compound, namely 1-(pyren-3-yl)-2,5-di(thiophen-2-yl)-1H-pyrrole (SNS-P), was polymerized via both chemical and electrochemical methods. Chemically obtained soluble polydithienylpyrrole (c-PSNS-P) bearing pyrene appendages is a homogeneous and uniform polymer with a number averaged molecular weight of 15,200g/mol. The polymer exhibits both multi-electrochromic and fluorescent properties. Upon oxidation, the color of electrochemically obtained polymer (e-PSNS-P) changes from yellowish orange to greenish yellow and to green/blue and finally to blue. In addition, the polymer induces yellowish orange (564nm) and bright orange emission (613nm) in solution and solid states, respectively.

Ionic Liquid in Synthesis: A Phase Transfer Reagent and a Redox Mediating Medium

AbstractIonic liquids (ILs) with chloride anion or bromide anion were attempted as a phase transfer reagent to depolymerize MX2 (M = Pt, Pd; X = Br, Cl) in chloroform for reaction with 2,2′‐bipyridine (= bpy) to give the (bpy)MX2 product. Supersonic irradiation of equiv‐molar bpy, PdX2, and IL in CHCl3 produced almost quantitative precipitate of (bpy)PdX2 in a short time at ambient temperature, where IL is either [BEIm]Br or [BMIm]Br. That is, ILs and sono‐techniques assisted greatly on the synthesis of (bpy)PdX2. For preparation of (bpy)PtX2, nonetheless, free bpy always remained in mixture even after a long time of supersonic treatment. The system of equiv‐molar bpy, PtBr2, and IL in CHCl3, produced yellow (bpy)PtBr2 and orange (bpy)PtBr4, both being characterized with 1H NMR and 195Pt NMR in d6‐Me2SO as well as with single crystal X‐ray diffraction. Overall for PtX2 reactions with halide anions in highly polar environments attributable to ILs, the redox pathway becomes important in that Pt(II) transforms to Pt(IV) to yield (bpy)PtBr2 and (bpy)PtBr4.

Crystallographic and microscopic properties of ternary CdS0.5Se0.5 thin films

We report preparation of CdS0.5Se0.5 thin films by a simple and inexpensive chemical bath deposition (CBD) method. CdS0.5Se0.5 thin films have been deposited on non-conducting glass substrates. The color of the films was found to be yellowish orange. The films were characterized by XRD, SEM, optical and electrical techniques. The optical band gap energy (Eg) was found to be 2.2eV. The optical as well as the electrical properties were found to be intermediate of binary CdS and CdSe thin films.

Cruoricaptor ignavus gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel bacterium of the family Flavobacteriaceae isolated from blood culture of a man with bacteraemia

A Gram-reaction-negative bacterium, strain IMMIB L-12475T, was isolated from blood cultures of a human with septicaemia. The yellowish orange pigmented strain contained flexirubin pigment. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that strain IMMIB L-12475T belonged to the family Flavobacteriaceae, forming a distinct phyletic line that is distantly related (79.1–89.4% sequence similarity) to described genera of this family. Membership to the family was confirmed by a fatty acid profile consisting of branched-chain and 3-hydroxy fatty acids with major amounts of iso-C17:0 3-OH and iso-C15:0, by the presence of menaquinone MK-6 as the only respiratory quinone and a polyamine pattern that contained sym-homospermidine as major component. The phospholipids consisted of phosphatidylethanolamine and an unknown phospholipid. The genomic DNA mol% G+C content was 45.6%. The distant phylogenetic position as compared to other representative of the family and the significant phenotypic properties such as pigment composition, morphology, and physiology support the proposal of a novel genus and species Cruoricaptor ignavus gen. nov., sp. nov. The type strain is IMMIB L-12475T (=DSM 25479T=CCUG 62025T).