Years Of Professional Experience Research Articles

Role of the health literacy assessment in healthcare: Content validation of "Health Literacy Behaviour" nursing outcome.

To validate the content of the "Health Literacy Behaviour" nursing outcome (NO). A content validation study was conducted during 2022. Each indicator was included in the NO, and its response levels were operationally defined. The initial version of each indicator and its response levels were refined and validated through the Delphi method. A panel of health literacy (HL) and nursing taxonomies experts evaluated the content through two content validity indicators. The content validity of the NO and each index was determined by calculating the content validity index (CVI). A qualitative analysis of the recommendations provided by the experts was carried out to improve the understanding of the indicators and their levels. A total of 108 experts participated in this study. Mostly females with more than 10 years of professional experience. The results demonstrated a high CVI of the indicators and the NO "Health Literacy Behaviour." All indicators achieved excellent (CVI≥0.80) relevance and clarity. The CVI universal average method (CVI-p) of the NO achieved an excellent result of 0.90. The indicators included in the NO "Health Literacy Behaviour" have content validity. These findings provide evidence-based indicators to measure the patient's actions to obtain, process, and understand information about health and disease, interact with the health system, and make informed health decisions. The validation of this NO would identify populations with low HL, allowing the health of this community to be promoted. Health literacy should be a priority objective of health management and policies.

The Effect of Rivalry on Sport Performance

The motivation to outperform rivals can lead to sport innovation, creativity, and improved performance. Sport literature already affirms that rivalry leads to better team performance; however, empirical evidence to support the claim for individual performance is scarce. This study examines the effect of the Cristiano Ronaldo-Lionel Messi rivalry on their performances during their stay in Europe. We measured performance using non-subjective metrics such as number of goals, appearances, and assists. We also controlled for their years of professional experience as this is expected to be reflected in their performances. Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance. Empirical results confirmed the positive effect of rivalry on their average performances, and this effect size was similar. We also found evidence that years of experience did not significantly affect Messi’s performance. The study concludes that individual rivalry has a significant positive effect on performance of athletes.

The Effect of Rivalry on Sport Performance

The motivation to outperform rivals can lead to sport innovation, creativity, and improved performance. Sport literature already affirms that rivalry leads to better team performance; however, empirical evidence to support the claim for individual performance is scarce. This study examines the effect of the Cristiano Ronaldo-Lionel Messi rivalry on their performances during their stay in Europe. We measured performance using non-subjective metrics such as number of goals, appearances, and assists. We also controlled for their years of professional experience as this is expected to be reflected in their performances. Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance. Empirical results confirmed the positive effect of rivalry on their average performances, and this effect size was similar. We also found evidence that years of experience did not significantly affect Messi’s performance. The study concludes that individual rivalry has a significant positive effect on performance of athletes.

Premature ovarian insufficiency: knowledge, attitudes, and quality of care offered by gynecologists.

Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) affects up to 3% of the global female population, influencing metabolic, cardiovascular, and reproductive health. Medical expertise in diagnosis, effects, and treatment strategies, particularly for gynecologists, is crucial for ensuring improved healthcare for women. The objective of this study is to assess the state of medical knowledge regarding the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of POI among Brazilian gynecologists. A cross-sectional study was conducted using online questionnaires administered to 16,000 members of the Brazilian Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics. In total, 460 questionnaires were received from gynecologists who had an average age of 44.49 ± 12.57 years and 19.37 ± 12.95 years of professional experience. Fifty-three percent of gynecologists diagnosed POI correctly, and 49% requested karyotype analysis, while fewer than 10% identified all POI etiologies. Over 90% of gynecologists understood the long-term consequences of POI for bone and cardiovascular health. Despite being a consequence of hypoestrogenism, hormone therapy was recommended only by 20% of doctors, with no more than 50% of them prescribing appropriate doses for young women. Regarding self-perception, 60% of gynecologists declared deficient knowledge regarding how to offer care and guidance to women, with hormone therapy being reported as the most important reason (47%). Current concepts and guidelines for POI are not adequately understood or applied in Brazilian clinical practice, leading to suboptimal care.

Mathematics Teachers’ Experiences Teaching of the Online Distance Education During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Concerns and Adaptations

The purpose of this study was to investigate how mathematics teachers make sense of their experiences teaching in distance education settings during Covid-19 pandemic in 2020-2022. Interpretative phenomenological analysis was used to design this study which is based on the phenomenological pattern. Eight teachers with at least seven years of professional experience participated in the study. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and interpreted by interpretative phenomenological analysis. As a result, the following four main themes were identified: struggle adaptation & reflection, lack of interaction, tension between authority and autonomy, and concerns about professional competence. According to the themes identified, teachers underwent a search and struggle process as they attempted to adapt themselves and their students to the new situation from the beginning of the period.

National survey for pediatricians in Argentina: Vaccination in daily practice, perception of knowledge and barriers.

Introduction. The decline in vaccination coverage has been very significant in the past decade. Pediatricians play a key role in catching-up coverage and increasing confidence in vaccination. Objectives. To describe pediatricians' perceptions of vaccine knowledge and practices and to identify barriers to access. Methods. Observational, analytical study using an online survey. Variables related to professional profile, training and barriers to vaccination were included. Results. A total of 1696 pediatricians participated (response rate: 10.7%). Their mean age was 50.4 years; 78.7% were women; 78.2% had ≥ 10 years of experience; 78.4% provided outpatient care and 56.0%, in the private subsector; and 72.5% received training in the past 2 years. Respondents described themselves as "trained" in convey the following aspects to their patients: benefits of vaccines: 97.2%; campaign objectives: 87.7%; contraindications: 82.4%; adverse effects: 78.9%; catch- up vaccination: 71.2%; reporting of events supposedly attributable to vaccination or immunization: 59.5%. The proportion was statistically higher in all aspects, among pediatricians with ≥ 10 years of experience and those who received training recently (p ≤ 0.01). The barriers identified in access to vaccination were false contraindications (62.3%), temporary vaccine shortage (46.4%), cultural reasons (41.4%), and restricted vaccination center hours (40.6%). Conclusions. The perception of the level of training varied depending on the vaccination-related aspect. Pediatricians with more years of professional experience and those who received recent updates perceived themselves as more trained. Multiple barriers associated with access to vaccination were identified.

Social intelligence in health professions educationists: how it helps to deal with challenges at the workplace? a mixed-method study

Objective: To identify the social intelligence of medical educationists, and the coping strategies used to deal with workplace challenges. Method: The mixed-method study with an explanatory sequential design was conducted from March 15 to July 30, 2021, after approval from the ethics review committee of Riphah International University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan, and comprised medical educationists working in medical and dental colleges and institutions across the country. Data was collected using Tromso social intelligence scale in the quantitative phase. The socially intelligent educationists were identified, and were interviewed. Qualitative data was subjected to thematic analysis to identify predominant themes explaining the coping strategies used. Results: In the quantitative phase, there were 80 participants; 51(63.7%) females and 29(36.3%) males, with 24(30%) having >10 years of professional experience. Of them, 11(13.8%) scored low, 54(67.5%) moderate and 15(18.8%) high on the social intelligence scale. In the qualitative phase, there were 13 subjects; 9(69.2%) females and 4(30.8%) males. There were 4 themes identified as coping strategies; inspire respect and trust, bringing readiness before a change, a collaborative and inclusive approach, and soft skills. Conclusion: Variation was seen in the levels of social intelligence among medical educationists working in academic institutions. Those with high levels of social intelligence used their non-cognitive soft skills to manage workplace challenges. Key Words: Social intelligence, Medical education, Workplace, Coping strategies, Coping skills.

Evaluation of Remote Interpreting in terms of Stress and Burnout

Stress and burnout experienced by interpreters during remote interpreting, which is more adopted after the Covid-19 pandemic in Türkiye, are examined in this study. In the first part of the study, whether the stress and burnout experienced during remote interpreting by the professional conference interpreters in Türkiye differ according to professional qualifications such as years of professional experience, having received training in remote interpreting, specialized language pairs in remote interpreting, specialized fields of interpreters in remote interpreting, and being a member of any professional association are examined. Secondly, the impact of some factors which may affect the level of stress and burnout experienced by interpreters in remote interpreting such as interpreting from a separate environment, the impact of receiving positive feedback, the quality of interpreting, and the income coming from remote interpreting compared to onsite interpreting on interpreters’ preferences for remote interpreting and/or onsite interpreting are examined by taking into consideration the professional conference interpreters in Türkiye. As a result of the analysis, first, it has been found that there is no significant relationship between the stress and burnout experienced by the interpreters in the context of remote interpreting, and their aforementioned professional qualifications. Secondly, it has been found that except the impact of receiving positive feedback factor, there is no significant relationship between the preferences of the interpreters for remote interpreting and/or onsite interpreting and the factors such as interpreting elsewhere, the quality of interpreting, and the income coming from remote interpreting compared to onsite interpreting. Interpreters prefer remote interpreting as much as they are satisfied with the positive feedback received in remote interpreting. Most of the interpreters, willing to adapt to technological developments and considering the many benefits of remote interpreting, think that remote interpreting should be as widespread as onsite interpreting. This study reveals that some improvements should be made in the context of remote interpreting in order to support interpreters’ flexibility and resilience.

Effect of the Pandemic on the Frequency of Rubber-dam Use by Dentists: A Questionnaire Study

Aim: This study aimed to compare the frequency of rubber-dam usage by dentists in different specialties before and after the Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) pandemic. Materials and Method: A questionnaire was delivered electronically to dentists in different specialties during May 2021. This questionnaire included questions about the demographics and professional backgrounds of the dentists and their opinions about and the frequencies of use of the rubber-dam. Additionally, whether their rubber-dam usage approaches were affected by the COVID-19 pandemic was also questioned. Results: Seven hundred and fifty people responded to the questionnaire. Among the participants, 36.4% said that the frequency of using rubber-dams increased after the pandemic. Regardless of the specialty, the frequency of using rubber-dams decreased as the years of professional experience increased (P < 0.05). When specialties were considered, endodontists used rubber-dams during endodontic and restorative procedures significantly more often than the others (P < 0.05). When the workplaces were compared, it was seen that rubber-dams were used significantly more often in university clinics (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Despite the quality guideline recommendations, the use of rubber dams is still not at the desired level in Turkey; however, there has been an increase in the number of dentists using them since the pandemic.

Validity and reliability of My Jump 2® app to measure the vertical jump on elite women beach volleyball players.

The aim of this study was to assess the reliability and validity of the My Jump 2® app in measuring jump height, flight time, and peak power among elite women beach volleyball players on sand surfaces. Eleven elite female beach volleyball players (aged 23.6 ± 6.2 years; weight 66.3 ± 5.8 kg; height 174.4 ± 5.8 cm; with 8.4 ± 4.8 years of professional experience) participated in this study. Each player performed six countermovement jumps in a wooden box filled with sand on a force platform while simultaneously recording a video for subsequent analysis using the My Jump 2® app. We found excellent agreement for flight time, jump height and peak power between observers (ICC = 0.92, 0.91 and 0.97, respectively). No significant differences between force platform and My Jump 2® app were detected in the values obtained for the three variables (P > 0.05). For the force platform and the My Jump 2® app, we found a good agreement measuring jump height and flight time (ICC = 0.85 and 0.85, respectively). However, we only found a moderate agreement for peak power (ICC = 0.64). The difference in jump height showed a limit of agreement between -4.10 and 4.74 cm in Bland-Altman, indicating a high level of agreement between the two measurement tools. Based on our findings, the My Jump 2® app reveals a valid tool for measuring jump height and flight time of CMJ on sand surfaces. However, more caution is needed when measuring peak power.

Arbeidsongeschiktheid na liesbreukherstel: onderzoek naar het voorschrijfgedrag van huisartsen en chirurgen

Incapacity for work after inguinal hernia repair: survey of general practitioners’ and surgeons’ prescribing behaviour Inguinal hernia surgery is a very frequently performed procedure. Since this pathology often presents in professionally active patients, the procedure and resulting incapacitation have socio-economic repercussions. Additionally, a laparoscopic repair has become the standard procedure, a technique that involves significant additional costs. The aim of this study was to investigate the period of incapacity after a uni- or bilateral, open or laparoscopic repair, prescribed by GPs and surgeons, as well as their main motivations. A survey was sent to 17 GP associations in the province of Limburg (Belgium) with the request to distribute it to their members. Additionally, 73 abdominal surgeons were asked to complete the same survey. The prescription behaviour with regard to the incapacity period was evaluated as a function of the surgical technique used and the type of physical exertion required during professional practice or sports. The motivation for this prescribing behaviour was also surveyed. 107 GPs and 35 surgeons fully completed the survey. It demonstrated a wide variation in the prescribing behaviour. There was no correlation with the years of professional experience. The average prescribed incapacity period was significantly higher among GPs than surgeons. Hardly any distinction was made between a uni- and bilateral recovery. Avoidance of recurrences was the most frequently mentioned factor determining the prescribing behaviour among both GPs (89.9%) and surgeons (79.4%). The survey reveals a lack of consensus regarding the prescribing behaviour in primary and secondary care. This is mainly based on fear of recurrence, which is unfounded. Developing evidence-based postoperative guidelines for the return to work and to the normal activities is recommended.

Comparative study of job burnout in Shanghai-based nurses against Maslach norm and Hangzhou norm.

This study aimed to analyze the trend in job burnout among nurses in Shanghai, China. The nursing profession globally faces a significant challenge due to aging populations, causing a human resources crisis. Job burnout notably impacts nurses' enthusiasm for work and their overall well-being. Understanding the trends in job burnout among nurses is crucial for addressing this issue. A cross-sectional study involving 799 nurses from a tertiary-care hospital and 11 community health service centers in Pudong New Area South, Shanghai, was conducted using convenience sampling. Data were collected through a general information questionnaire and the Maslach Burnout Inventory scale, to assess job burnout levels. These data were compared with the established Maslach and Hangzhou norms in China. 74.6% of the participants experienced job burnout. The emotional exhaustion dimension had an average score of 27.27±13.93, indicating high levels of burnout; the depersonalization dimension had an average score of 7.83±6.68, showing moderate levels of fatigue; and the personal achievement dimension had an average score of 26.75±10.26, also indicating moderate fatigue. Notably, nurses aged 32-33 years with 11-12 years of professional experience were the most affected. The findings suggest that job burnout is a significant issue in Pudong New Area South, Shanghai, with a notable increase in severe burnout cases over the past decade. Nurses, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic, face high rates of burnout, with emotional exhaustion being particularly prevalent. To support and retain the nursing workforce, hospital administrators must implement external reward mechanisms and develop policies that encourage personal growth, career development, and a humanistic approach to care. From our review of the literature, we identified instances where burnout standards are either not assessed or lack uniformity in their application. Therefore, it is imperative to adopt a standardized occupational burnout scale for a nationwide survey, encompassing nurse populations across various levels, including province, region, city, and institution. This approach will facilitate the establishment of a practical norm for occupational burnout within China. This norm would enable conducting regular assessments and comparisons to understand the evolving trends of job burnout among nurses, which could pave the way for the creation of targeted support interventions for the nursing profession.

Intra-Individual Paired Mass Spectrometry Dataset for Decoding Solar-Induced Proteomic Changes in Facial Skin

Photoaging is the premature aging of the skin caused by prolonged exposure to solar radiation. The visual alterations manifest as wrinkles, reduced skin elasticity, uneven skin tone, as well as other signs that surpass the expected outcomes of natural aging. Beyond these surface changes, there is a complex interplay of molecular alterations, encompassing shifts in cellular function, DNA damage, and protein composition disruptions. This data descriptor introduces a unique dataset derived from ten individuals, each with a minimum of 18 years of professional experience as a driver, who are asymmetrically and chronically exposed to solar radiation due to their driving orientation. Skin samples were independently collected from each side of the face using a microdermabrasion-like procedure and analyzed on an Exploris 240 mass spectrometer. Our adapted proteomic statistical framework leverages the sample pairing to provide robust insights. This dataset delves into the molecular differences in exposed skin and serves as a foundational resource for interdisciplinary research in photodermatology, targeted skincare treatments, and computational modelling of skin health.

Mathematics Teachers' Experiences of Positive Error Climate

In the qualitative case study in which the question, "What are teachers' views on the applicability of positive error climate in the classroom?" was sought to be answered, 19 mathematics teachers working in different provinces of Turkey, having more than five years of professional experience and receiving master's degree education constituted the study group. Before this study, teachers' attitudes and behaviors toward errors were taken in writing. At the end of the eleven-week implementation, the teachers' opinions about the implementation were obtained through interviews, and content analysis was applied to the data with MAXQDA. 2020. Under the theme of positive error climate experience, teachers evaluated the application as effective, fun, providing permanent learning and increasing self-confidence. On the other hand, they stated the negative aspects as insufficient time, difficulties in classroom management, and causing mislearning. Seventeen participants stated that they would use the error climate in their classrooms.

Commentary on “developing an evidence base for behavioural interventions: a case study of the Headsprout® Early Reading programme”

Purpose This paper aims to offer a commentary on Denne et al.’s (2024) article discussing the journey undertaken by the Sharland Foundation Developmental Disabilities Applied Behavioural Research and Impact Network to augment evidence surrounding the efficacy of the online Headsprout® Early Reading programme. Design/methodology/approach Drawing from over 15 years of professional experience as a qualified teacher in special education settings, the author reflects on the network’s approach and its alignment with their own expertise. Findings While acknowledging the commendable focus of the network on amassing additional evidence, this commentary underscores the importance of identifying barriers and fostering adaptability within the educational landscape. Central to the discussion is the imperative to prioritise students’ needs and tailor data collection methods to suit their unique contexts. Originality/value This commentary is aimed at professionals working in special education settings striving to improve their practice and student outcomes.

Testing the Relationship of Career Enhancing Behaviors to Perceived Utility of Ethical and Cross-Cultural Competencies Across Two Independent Samples of MBA Alumni

Sensitivity to cross-cultural management and ethics management have both been classified as important relationship-building competencies, with prior work also recognizing the need for MBA instructors to not only teach both competencies but to act as role models to their students. The two-fold purpose of this paper was to first develop a short, reliable Perceived Utility of Ethical and Cross-Cultural Competencies (PUECCC) scale by combining items measuring both competencies learned or practiced in a client-focused, team-based MBA capstone course. The second purpose was to test the relationship of a career enhancing behavioral measure to PUECCC. Three binary behaviors, i.e., job interview, professional network expansion, and career change composed the career enhancing behavioral measure. Using two separate samples of MBA capstone course alumni, support was found for a reliable two-item PUECCC scale and a significant positive relationship of the career enhancing behavioral measure to PUECCC. Years of professional experience for both samples was also positively related to PUECCC. Ethical management and cross-cultural effectiveness are both important competencies to build into a curriculum to help MBA students develop to succeed at work.

Identification of Nurses’ Stress Levels and Interpersonal Problem-Solving Skills

This study aims to identify the stress levels experienced by nurses in providing healthcare services and their interpersonal problem-solving abilities. A cross-sectional design was employed, and data were collected between March and May 2023 via face-to-face interviews with participants who had provided written informed consent. One hundred twenty nurses participated voluntarily in this study by completing the Nurse Information Form, Interpersonal Problem-Solving Inventory, and Nurse Stress Scale. Information gathered indicated that the nurses had an average age of 28.58± 4.92 years, with 82.5% of respondents being female and 64.2% were single. Additionally, 66.7% had a bachelor’s degree, 50.8% had 1-5 years of professional experience, and 79.2% worked on a rotating shift schedule. Furthermore, 73.3 % of nurses chose their profession voluntarily, and 27.5% worked between 46-50 hours per week. The study discovered that nursing professionals have moderate stress levels and interpersonal problem-solving skills.

Perceptions of Clinical Experience and Scientific Evidence in Medical Decision Making: A Survey of a Stratified Random Sample of Swedish Health Care Professionals.

Evidence-based medicine recognizes that clinical expertise gained through experience is essential to good medical practice. However, it is not known what beliefs clinicians hold about how personal clinical experience and scientific knowledge contribute to their clinical decision making and how those beliefs vary between professions, which themselves vary along relevant characteristics, such as their evidence base. We investigate how years in the profession influence health care professionals' beliefs about science and their clinical experience through surveys administered to random samples of Swedish physicians, nurses, occupational therapists, dentists, and dental hygienists. The sampling frame was each profession's most recent occupational registry. Participants (N = 1,627, 46% response rate) viewed science as more important for decision making, more certain, and more systematic than experience. Differences among the professions were greatest for systematicity, where physicians saw the largest gap between the 2 types of knowledge across all levels of professional experience. The effect of years in the profession varied; it had little effect on assessments of importance across all professions but otherwise tended to decrease the difference between assessments of science and experience. Physicians placed the greatest emphasis on science over clinical experience among the 5 professions surveyed. Health care professions appear to share some attitudes toward professional knowledge, despite the variation in the age of the professions and the scientific knowledge base available to practitioners. Training and policy making about clinical decision making might improve by accounting for the ways in which knowledge is understood across the professions. Study participants, representing 5 health care professions-medicine, nursing, occupational therapy, dentistry, and dental hygiene-viewed science as more important for decision making, more certain, and more systematic than their personal clinical experience.Of all the professions represented in the study, physicians saw the greatest differences between the 2 types of knowledge.The effect of years of professional experience varied but tended to be small, attenuating the differences seen between science and clinical experience.

Experience with orthopaedic insoles-across-sectional study

Orthopaedic insoles (OI) are used to treat avariety of foot problems. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the perceptions of the treatment with OI among the manufacturers of the OIs, the orthopaedic technicians (OT). OT from the federal states of Schleswig-Holstein and Lower Saxony in Germany were invited to take part in asurvey. The questions included, among others, the number of prescriptions for the production of an OI per month and the materials used. Descriptive statistics, subgroup analyses and alinear regression analysis were performed. Of the 312 questionnaires distributed, 159 were completed (response rate 51%). Most of the respondents were male (80%). The average age of the participants was 50. On average, OT produced 290 OI per month, with plastic being the most commonly used material (73%). OT with less than 20years of professional experience are more likely to follow the doctor's instructions when producing OI than OT with more than 20years of professional experience. The latter are more likely to base their decisions regarding the manufacture and issuing of OI on their own experience. The production and issuing process of OI differs among OT. The different professional perspectives of the OT could play arole here, as does the lack of astandardized procedure. The factors listed in this study represent potential starting points for future research projects that could contribute to the development of evidence-based standards.

Original Research: Nurses' Attitudes Toward Brain Drain and the Associated Factors.

Brain drain refers to the emigration of scientists and other educated professionals from a low- or middle-income country to a high-income country for work. In recent years, this trend has increased, particularly in the health care arena. Prior studies among nurses and nursing students indicate that migration mainly occurs from low- and lower middle-income countries to high-income countries. This study aimed to explore the attitudes of Turkish nurses, nurse academics, and nursing students toward brain drain and the factors associated with these attitudes. The study used a mixed-methods research design. The quantitative part of the study was conducted with 1,018 participants. The qualitative part was conducted with 26 participants from the larger sample who volunteered for focus group interviews. Data were collected from June through August 2022 using an online survey, the Attitude Scale for Brain Drain, and a semistructured interview guide. Of all participants, 84.3% indicated that they wanted to work and live abroad. Nearly 95% stated that there was a risk of brain drain in the nursing profession, with economic factors given as the most significant reason. As age and years of professional experience increased, brain drain tendency decreased. Nurses and nursing students had higher brain drain tendencies than nurse academics. In focus group interviews, participants reported concern that the brain drain might lead to losses in the qualified nursing workforce and increase the workload for the remaining nurses in the migrant-sending country, while cultural adaptation issues can be difficult for nurses in the migrant-receiving country. Brain drain in the nursing profession continues to be a current, crucial problem. This study showed that among Turkish nurses, nursing students, and nurse academics, the desire to work abroad was quite high, and all three groups had high brain drain tendency scores. Brain drain has serious consequences for both migrant-receiving and migrant-sending countries. These findings can help inform the development of initiatives aimed at preventing or mitigating nursing brain drain.