Years In Egypt Research Articles

Practices improvement of building information modeling in the Egyptian construction projects

Reduced Reinforced Concrete Material Waste (RRCMW) in building projects is regarded as a critical issue that must be managed. The main purpose of the research is to illustrate the importance of BIM in construction. Also, it is found that the main objectives of this paper are to study the improvement of practicing BIM in Egypt and, practicing of BIM in construction industry in Egypt is also measured. Two questionnaires survey are conducted. The first questionnaire is to measure the improvement of using BIM during the last 7 years and it is discovered that there is a massive improvement in using BIM in this period. The second questionnaire is to determine the adopting value of BIM in Egyptian projects in order to meet the study objective. So, based on the questionnaire analysis, it is discovered that about 94% of consultants actually practicing BIM in 3D while about 72% of contractors agree with practicing BIM in 3D. Also it is found that about 86% and 78% of consultants actually practicing BIM in 4D and 5D while only about 43% and 40% of contractors agree with practicing BIM 4D and 5D model respectively. Only about 61% and 58% considered that BIM is important in 6D and 7D respectively because it isn’t widely used in Egypt and engineers use BIM up to 5D. As a result, the findings reveal that the number of consultant’s site engineer’s respondents are more than contractors because the usage of BIM is effective in the field of design and consultancy more than using in site and while BIM isn't extensively utilized in Egypt, engineers should be familiar with it because it will be a useful tool in the future. So, the main purpose of this study is to illustrate practicing of BIM in the Egyptian construction projects and study the improvement of using BIM during the last 7 years in Egypt because BIM is considered as an important technology used to reduce waste in construction projects from design stage to construction and operation stage but still not used in Egypt in a wide range till now, so it is very crucial to study this issue. Also, another main objective of this study is to compare the development done in using BIM during the last 8 years to make sure that using BIM in Egypt is going on and developed.

Socioeconomic gradient in functional difficulties by domain among youth: evidence from Egypt.

This study aims to measure inequalities in the distribution of functional difficulties and their different domains among youth aged 15-29 years in Egypt, according to selected socioeconomic characteristics (e.g. wealth quantiles and education level of the head of the household). The data come from the nationally representative survey, 'Household Observatory Survey', with 10,405 persons aged 15-29 years representing the study sample population. The survey identifies individuals with disabilities using the Washington Group Short questions. Inequalities in disability distribution have been measured by the concentration index (CI). The results indicate that functional difficulties have been concentrated among the poorest youth and households headed by illiterate persons. Rural areas have the highest concentration of disabilities among youth, with the lowest wealth and the lowest educational level of the head of the household. The CI suggests the existence of socioeconomic inequalities in all functional difficulties except for seeing difficulties. Understanding which factors more substantially contribute to inequalities is critical for advancing policies devoted to enhancing the quality of life for individuals with disabilities.

Multicenter study to describe viral etiologies, clinical profiles, and outcomes of hospitalized children with severe acute respiratory infections, Egypt 2022

In late 2022, severe acute respiratory infections (SARI) surveillance reported an abrupt increase in non-COVID-19 infections among children after three years of drastic reductions. Signals of increased absenteeism due to respiratory symptoms among primary and preparatory school children were detected by Event-Based Surveillance. We conducted a hospital-based survey of children who were admitted with SARI to identify the causative pathogen(s) and estimate the burden of infection. A survey was conducted among children < 16 years in 21 referral hospitals in the three governorates with the highest SARI rates. Patients’ demographics, clinical symptoms, and severity were collected from medical records using a line list. Patients were swabbed and tested for a panel of 33 respiratory pathogens by RT-PCR at the Central Laboratory in Cairo. Descriptive data analysis was performed for demographic data. Patients’ characteristics were compared by causative agents’ clinical picture and severity using Chi2 with a p < 0.05 significance. Overall, 317 patients were enrolled, 58.3% were ≤ 1 year of age, 61.5% were males. Of 229 (72.7%) of positively tested patients, viruses caused 92.1% including RSV 63.8%, Rhinovirus 10.0%, Influenza 9.2%, Adenovirus 5.2%, and 1.3% co-infected with two viruses. Bacteria caused 3.5% of cases and 4.4% had mixed viral-bacterial infections. Rhinovirus was the most common cause of death among children with SARI, followed by RSV (8.7% and 1.4%), whereas influenza and Adenovirus did not result in any deaths. Patients with viral-bacterial infections are more likely to be admitted to ICU and die at the hospital than bacterial or viral infections (60% and 20% vs. 31.8% and 1.9% vs. 12.5% and 12.5%, p < 0.001). Viruses particularly RSV are the leading cause of SARI causing significant health problem among children < 16 years in Egypt. Bacterial on top of viral infection can worsen disease courses and outcomes. Studies are required to estimate the SARI burden accurately among Egyptian children and a comprehensive approach tailored to Egypt is necessary to reduce its burden.

A case of alternative journalism in Egypt: Where are Facebook likes leading Mada Masr?

Mada Masr, an alternative online-only news medium, has continued to operate for more than nine years in Egypt. However, fascination with its mere existence as an alternative journalism in a harsh political climate has prevented researchers from evaluating its performance from an audience perspective. To fill in the gap, this study seeks to explore audience engagement on Mada Masr’s Arabic Facebook page by analysing posts that received the highest and lowest likes (reactions). Results show that posts with the most likes were those contesting the state’s performance and providing oppositional counter-mainstream media knowledge. This finding is consistent with the literature on the role of alternative media in different political contexts, one of political deliberation in western democracies and another of social mobilization in non-western transitional contexts where social change is sought. However, the elitist nature of many of Mada Masr’s posts questions the extent to which Mada Masr is willing to identify itself with the wider public.

Impact of influencers’ Facebook pages in cultivating fear and terror among youths during the COVID-19 pandemic

Many research studies defined news pages that connect users with public affairs as social media influencers. This includes opinion leaders, journalists, media personnel, editors, and political experts. In this sense, news consumption on influencers’ Facebook pages can have the same cultivation impact as consuming news on any offline platform, particularly during times of threat. Within this, we aim to reexamine the cultivation theory in the context of social media. Thus, we explore the role of influencers on Facebook in cultivating threat perception among youths during the COVID-19 pandemic. Also, to examine the possible correlation between threat perception and favoring of more restrictive policies on Facebook news coverage. For this, we used the survey method (n=1,309) on youths aged 18-35 years in Egypt, Spain, and the USA. In this respect, our data revealed a significant relationship between news consumption on influencers’ Facebook pages and threat level. The more people consume news on influencers’ Facebook pages, the higher their threat perception is. Our findings also demonstrate that even though the cultivation assumption is valid in the context of Facebook, there are variations from the TV context postulation. Nowadays, people are aware of the effect of their news exposure on shaping their perception yet being aware did not mediate the cultivation effect.

Prevalence and correlates of overweight and obesity among under-five children in Egypt.

Evidence suggests that Egypt, a country in North Africa, has a significant number of children at serious risk of excess body weight. Yet, there is a dearth of studies on overweight and obesity among children under 5 years in the country. This study examined the prevalence and correlates of overweight and obesity among under-five children in Egypt. Data were retrieved from the latest (2008 and 2014) Egypt Demographic and Health Surveys (EDHS). A total of 42,568 children under 5 years were included. The prevalence of overweight and obesity was described using proportions whereas the factors associated with the prevalence were examined using logistic regression. Of the 42,568 children under 5 years, about one in every six (17%) were overweight or obese. Children aged 19-37 months, those with birth weights >4 kg, those given large portions of protein foods (eggs and meat), and those whose mothers were in the rich wealth quintile had significant risks of overweight or obesity. Overweight and obesity are highly prevalent among children under 5 years in Egypt. Interventions developed to address these two overnutrition indicators in Egypt need to consider variations in risk factors across age, birth weight, food types and portions, and maternal wealth status.

MUT'AH IN MODERN MUSLIM FAMILY LAW ( Study of Legislation in Syria, Egypt and Indonesia )

The reality showed that there are still many injustices against women that can occur anywhere, including in the domestic sector, as well as in Muslim countries. Therefore reform of Muslim family law is seen as necessary because it plays an important role in the protection of women and children and the fulfillment of their rights. Mut’ah is a gift from a husband to his ex- wife after a divorce, including one of the areas reformed in a number of Muslim countries, including in Syria, Egypt and Indonesia. Mut’ah is a gift from a husband to his ex- wife after a divorce is one of the areas reformed in a number of Muslim countries including in Syria, Egypt and Indonesia. The results of the study found that there had been reform of Muslim family law regarding mut’ah in the three countries studied, namely Syria, Egypt and Indonesia. if in traditional literature( fiqh) the right of mut’ah is only obligatory to be given to a divorced wife before had sex and with a dowry that has not been given, but in the three countries studied regardless of whether the wife was divorced before had sex or after had sex and whether the dowry has been determined or not. In addition, in modern Muslim family law there are provisions for the maximum limit of mutah that a husband must give to his wife, such as the standard of living for three years in Syria and two years in Egypt while in fiqh it is determined that the maximum size of mut’ah is not to exceed half the mistsil dowry or the price of a slave.

Work-related injuries among 5 – 17 years-old working children in Egypt: findings from a national child labor survey

BackgroundEgypt has agreed and ratified international regulations that strict child labor. However, the country still struggles with high prevalence of child labor and the associated negative social and health effects. The objective of this study was to identify the prevalence and determinants of work-related injuries among working children in Egypt.MethodsThis study involved a secondary data analysis of the National Child Labor Survey (NCLS) conducted in 2010 by The Central Agency for Public Mobilization and Statistics (CAPMAS) in Egypt with technical and financial support from the ILO’s International Program on the Elimination of Child Labor (IPEC) through its Statistical Information and Monitoring Program on Child Labor (SIMPOC). The total number of working children who responded to questions of work-related injuries in the NCLS child questionnaire was 7485 children.ResultsThe prevalence of work-related injuries among working children in Egypt was estimated as 24.1% (95% CI: 22.0%—26.2%), of whom the majority were superficial wounds (87.3%). Among children who reported work-related injuries, 57.9% did not stop work or schooling because of the most serious injury, while 39.6% had stopped temporarily and 2.6% had stopped completely. The main determinants of work-related injuries among working children in the study sample were gender (boys), age of starting work (5–11 years), type of main economic activity (industry and services), type of main workplace (plantation, farms, or garden), the average work hours per week (28 h or more), and exposure to ergonomic and safety, and chemical hazards at work.ConclusionsThe estimated high prevalence of work-related injuries among working children aged 5–17 years in Egypt raises the health risks concerns associated with child labor. Findings of this study on the determinants of work-related injuries could guide policies and interventions to combat child labor and the associated health risks, including work-related injuries.

History of the Chinese Medicinal Gelatin

Abstract This article discusses the history of animal glue (gelatin) used in medical practice in China. In ancient times, gelatin was widely made from cowhide and has been found in excavations and wall paintings older than 2000 years in Egypt, Greece, and China. However, it has been used medicinally almost exclusively in China and other East Asian countries influenced by Chinese medicine. Since 11th century, donkey-hide has gradually been replaced with cowhide in medicinal gelatin. Currently, donkey-hide gelatin is widely used medicinally in China. During the Edo period, medicinal gelatin was imported to Japan from China. Owing to the distaste for eating animal flesh in traditional Japanese culture, the production of gelatin and its medicinal use is not widespread in Japan.

The Use of Complementary Medicine During Childbearing Years: A Multi-Country Study of Women From the Middle East

The prevalence of self-prescribed complementary medicine (CM) use is an area of concern across the Middle East. We conducted a descriptive qualitative study to describe women’s use of CM during their childbearing years in Egypt, Jordan, Saudi Arabia and Iran. The study conducted using face to face audio-recorded interviews with 70 participants. Our findings showed that women used several herbal plants to ease pain and discomfort during menstruation and/or during pregnancy and in postpartum care. Acupuncture, meditation, and massage were less likely to be used by women. The impact of CM was often described in relation to perceived usefulness and safety of herbs. Cultural beliefs and roles of women contributed to the use of herbs among women. Given the high use of herbal medicine, there is a need for discussion about the potential of adverse effects of some plants or their metabolites following self-medication during the childbearing years.

A Metanalysis of Trends in Knowledge and Practice of Breastfeeding in Egypt: A Case Study from the Eastern Mediterranean Region

Introduction: Considerable global and country efforts have been made in the past three decades to promote breastfeeding through extending exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) to six months and revising the Ten steps of the Baby Friendly Hospitals Initiative (BFHI). Aim: To assess impact of promotion efforts of the World Health Organization (WHO) and UNICEF on the trends in knowledge and practice of Egyptian mothers towards EBF and practices of BFHI. Methods: This is a metanalysis study of pooled data from local research. A search for the current and past research focused on EBF and BFHI practices was performed through Egyptian University Libraries of Higher education, google and PubMed for using keywords of knowledge and practices about early infant feeding practices over the past 15 years in Egypt. Raw data were pooled for metanalysis. Twenty-four studies were identified: 12 studies from 2008 to 2018 and 12 studies from 2018 to 2022 which allowed for pooled data for 9685 mothers. Findings: Trends increased for knowledge and practice towards EBF, importance of colostrum and hazards of supplementation but not for early initiation of breastfeeding (EIBF) which decreased. Donated supplies of milk formula to hospitals increased. Trend in practices for offering supplements, and feeding bottles with breastfeeding decreased with increase in EBF at birth but with increase in pacifier use. EIBF through skin-to-skin (STS) remains abstinent. Illiteracy and incomplete education are still high among housewives who do not get any sustenance from the government. Conclusions: Trends show support of the WHO recommendations of EBF for 6 months. EIBF and STS remain a challenge. The rights of women in breastfeeding support and protection are far from adequate to meet the rising trends in marketing of milk formula. Low literacy, disempowerment and lack of support remain barriers to EBF and continued breastfeeding for two years.

Long-Term Impact of Wastewater Irrigation on Soil Pollution and Degradation: A Case Study from Egypt

There is consensus on the impact of wastewater irrigation on soil properties and heavy metal accumulation. The studies that show the impact of temporal changes as a result of different long-term additions of wastewater on the heavy metal accumulation and degradation of soil are extremely limited. This study was carried out to assess heavy metal contamination in soils irrigated with wastewater for more than 30 years in Egypt. A total number of 12 irrigation water samples and 12 soil profiles were collected during 2020 and were chemically characterized. The results showed that soils irrigated with wastewater over the long term contained significantly higher concentrations of heavy metals compared to fields irrigated with fresh water. Heavy metal levels in water and soil samples were within the permissible limits, with the exception of Cd concentration in water (0.03 mg L−1). Continuous cultivation for a long period of time (30 years) using raw urban wastewater application has led to the adverse effect of increasingly available Pb concentration (5.44 mg kg−1). Similar temporal behavior was seen for Cd and Fe, which increased by 0.98 and 11.2 mg kg−1, respectively, after 30 years. The heavy metals in wastewater-irrigated soils significantly increased in clayey soils, as compared to sandy soils irrigated from the same source. Our findings provide important information for decision makers in Egypt and similar countries for the development of a strategy for the use of wastewater in irrigation for sustainable agricultural management.

Etiology of diarrheal disease among children under 5 years in Egypt: a high incidence of human bocavirus

BackgroundHuman bocavirus (HBoV) is globally distributed and associated with respiratory and enteric infections. Limited data are available about the incidence of HBoV in Egyptian children. We aimed to investigate the association of HBoV genotypes in children with diarrheal disease and also to determine the possibility of HBoV co-infections with other human enteric pathogens.MethodsA total of 102 stool samples were collected from children under five years old with diarrhea. Samples were analyzed for the presence of HBoV by real-time PCR. HBoV positive samples were tested for adenovirus (AdV), rotavirus (RoV), parasitic helminths, and enteric protozoa.ResultsHBoV was detected in 58% of examined cases. HBoV-3 was the most prevalent genotype observed (44%; 45 of 102), followed by HBoV-2/4 (33%; 34 of 102) and HBoV-1 (30%; 31 of 102). Although the incidence of HBoV was higher in males (66.6%; 34 of 51) than females (49%; 25 of 51), the analysis showed no significant difference for HBoV between genders. The average HBoV concentrations were 5.3 × 104 GC/g in males and 1.03 × 105 GC/g in females. Among the HBoV-positive samples, the single infection of HBoV was 52.5% (31/59), while the co-infections with multiple viruses were found in 1.7% (1/59) for HBoV and AdV, 33.9% (20/59) for HBoV and RoV, and 11.9% (7/59) for HBoV, and RoV and AdV. No co-infection with parasitic helminths or enteric protozoa was found.ConclusionsThe single infection of HBoV in some children suffering from acute gastroenteritis indicated that HBoV could be the main etiologic agent of the disease. The study highlights the high incidence of HBoVs genotypes with remarkable multiple co-infections in the pre-school children in Egypt.

Characteristics of ESRD Patients who have been on Long-term Hemodialysis Therapy in Egypt

Background: It is well-known that hemodialysis extends the life of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients, who would have otherwise died. The characteristics of long-term patients on hemodialysis (HD) were not evaluated before in Egypt. We aimed at identifying the specific characteristics of the patients who have survived on hemodialysis for more than 20 years in Egypt. Subjects and Methods: During the years 2018 and 2019, the twenty-seven governorate health affairs Directories of the Egyptian Ministry of Health were contacted to participate in data collection. The dialysis physicians in each hemodialysis unit were sent a questionnaire form requesting to submit information, on the characteristics of patients who have been on HD therapy for twenty years or more.&#x0D; Results: Seventy-three patients were encountered from a total number of 26000 HD patients to have been on HD therapy; with a range between 20 and 30 years. Males constituted the majority of these patients. Sixty-eight patients were dialyzed through working arteriovenous fistulas (A-V fistulas). The mean urea reduction ratio (URR) of these patients was 0.65±0.095. Acute intradialytic complications afflicted only 20.3% of these patients. More than three-quarters of the patients had a positive serology test for HCV antibodies. None of these patients has diabetes mellitus. On the other hand, complaints related to the skeletal system were present in 47.4% of the patients. There is a statistically significant higher rate of acute complications in the female gender and a statistically significant higher fertility rate after hemodialysis in the male gender.&#x0D; Conclusion: Long-term dwellers on hemodialysis therapy are not unusual in Egyptian ESRD patients and their characteristics are reasonable.

The poetics of hope and frustration: young Egyptian poets interrogating the nation

Never has the timeless distrust of different generations been more manifest than these days where we see the Egyptian young revolutionaries who emerged in the wake of 2011 being marginalized and even silenced. The last few years in Egypt have witnessed numerous attempts to analyze and interrogate contemporary discourses within different forms of popular culture situating them as fundamental means of examining power and agency. Such contemporary discourses of power, hegemony, revolution, opposition besides concepts of nationalism and resistance in the wake of 2011 revolution and its aftermath, have been the subject of a number of studies on the literary output of the revolution, and notably in the field of poetry and songs. Most of these studies viewed the colloquial poetry produced by young Egyptian poets within the continuum of this rich poetic tradition. I argue that recent poems by young Egyptian poets represent a rupture rather than a continuity within this same tradition. The selected poetic voices are distinguished from both the Egyptian long established tradition of vernacular poetry but also from the poetry composed and sung in the early days of the revolution. This new generation of poets sing the pain and frustration of a dream that did not come true. As they interrogate the meaning of nationalism and the nation itself, one of the main themes in Egyptian vernacular lyrical and poetic tradition, a new corpus is emerging out of their poetry of resistance almost claiming a history of its own.

Complementary feeding pattern and its impact on growth and development of under 2-years infants in upper Egypt

BackgroundExclusive BF till the age of 6 months is rare in developing countries and complimentary feeding (CF) are introduced at an early age which is linked to the development of chronic conditions such as childhood obesity, celiac disease, diabetes, and eczema. The aim of our work is to assess complementary feeding practices of infants under the age of 2 years and to study their impact on their growth and development. This study is a cross-sectional study that was carried out over 3 years between March 2016 and March 2019, included 1000 apparently healthy infants aged less than 2 years old who attended University Children Hospital, Egypt. Practices among mothers including timing and types of foods introduced. Semi-structured questionnaire used for data collection and anthropometric measurements analyzed following the WHO Growth Charts.ResultsThe study found that about 80% of infants were introduced to solid foods before 4 months of age. Also, a large number of infants were given liquids other than breast milk before completing their fourth month of age.ConclusionDespite the better mental development of the infants, there is a considerable gap between WHO Guiding Principles for Complementary Feeding and the practices among mothers of infants aged less than 2 years in Egypt.

Environmental hazards and demographic and clinical data of childhood interstitial lung diseases in a tertiary institute in Egypt

BackgroundThe incidence of childhood interstitial lung diseases increased in the last years in Egypt. Changes in environmental and climatic conditions may be contributing factors. Also, raising birds at home increased in the past years due to financial issues. Other environmental factors include increased industries, traffic, and pollution. Our study aimed to assess the environmental hazards and the severity of childhood interstitial lung diseases.ResultsSixty-five percent of patients with childhood interstitial lung diseases (chILD) were exposed to cigarette smoke; 45% were exposed to birds, 30% to industrial wastes, 20% to grass and pesticides, and 10% to animals.ConclusionsExposure to cigarette smoke and birds increases the risk of development of chILD.

Quality evaluation and loss estimation at gravel quarries around the Qena Governorate, Egypt: A case study

Purpose. In recent years in Egypt there has been a significant increase in the demand for building materials, particularly gravel which is employed in buildings, the base layer for road construction, and other industries. The quality of gravel that is deemed suitable for different purposes depends on the physical, chemical, and mechanical properties of the gravel; these aspects are determined according to the Egyptian Code, depending on the required application. Methods. Representative samples were collected from two working sides of the quarries, then they were processed in a laboratory to characterize the samples depending on the location and evaluate their properties with respect to the corresponding concrete and road codes. Findings. The findings indicate that the gravel tests were simple to conduct and that the gravel from these locations were suitable for constructed roads and to be used in mixture of asphalt and cement. Originality. The samples were collected from five quarries around the Qena Governorate, Egypt; each of these locations occupied areas ranging from approximately 100×100 or 200×100 m2. Practical implications. The loss of gravel at the studied quarries was found to be 32.88-44.06%. Abo-Teshet 1 exhibited the highest loss of gravel deposits with thicknesses ranging from 0.5 to 1.50 m, which was attributed to the fill layers.

Substance Abuse Patterns in Brick Industry Workers Detection and Evaluation

Background: Drug abuse became an alarming problem in the last years in Egypt and many other countries. Some studies had examined the prevalence of substance abuse among school and university students, but few have assessed workers in workplaces which can pose major risks to the health and productivity of workers. The aim of this work is to estimate the prevalence of substance abuse among a sample of workers, to explore various behavioral and psychological manifestations. Methods: This is a cross - sectional study performed in one of the brick industries in Giza governorate in Egypt. It included 481 workers from different sections in the industry. Data were coded and entered using the statistical package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25. The mean age of the participants was 34.85 ± 13.50 with a minimum of 6 years and maximum 87 years old. Results: Results showed high prevalence of various psychosocial problems among workers which were highest between 21 and 40 years old. Symptoms included poor concentration, depression, stress, suicidal and guilty thoughts, mood swings, aggressive behavior, anxiety and disturbed social relationships. Concerning abuse pattern, 47.3 % of employees were abusing cannabinoids, 19.2 % were abusing tramadol and 8.3 % were abusing both. Workers performing physical work recorded the highest rate of abuse. In addition, 50.5 % of workers are smokers which was the highest independent variable related to substance abuse. Conclusions: It is important to develop substance abuse policy, raise awareness regarding their health effects and serious impacts on individual’s physical, psychosocial and behavioral integrity. Drug testing in workplace is a must to ensure community safety.

Dataset for describing the diversity of household farming systems and the degree of crop-livestock diversification and integration in the Western part of Nile valley (Egypt).

The CLIMED household farm dataset comes from a data collection conducted from 2013 to 2014 in five zones of the New Reclaimed Lands in the western part of the Nile Delta (Egypt). The main objective was to describe the diversity of household farms’ assets and activities, the degree of crop and livestock integration at the farm level to assess the link between integration, diversification, efficiency, and livelihoods. This data set permitted to compare the diversity of farming systems of 175 household farms and to assess the economic and technical performances of crop-livestock systems along a geographical transect of reclaimed desert lands in Egypt. This dataset was the primary material in the research paper on “Multi-criteria assessment of the sustainability of farming systems in the reclaimed desert lands of Egypt” (See the related research article.). Data described the three main components of the family farm system, i.e., the land, livestock, and household systems, respectively. The description of each activity (mainly crop, animal, or off-farm) by detailing all the incoming and outgoing flows of inputs and outputs allowed investigating the economic and financial contribution of each activity and the degree of dependence or complementarity between them. The dataset provided two tables of analyzed data related to, respectively, ‘diversification and integration’ and ‘efficiency and wellbeing.’ Moreover, this dataset constitutes an original material regarding the living conditions and farm functioning in the new lands reclaimed over the last 50 years in Egypt. The survey data were entered into an Access database, checked with statistical cross-checking variables, and completed by field return for missed or non-coherent data.