Years Of Hope Research Articles

Stepping Beyond, In, and With JAEPL: Twenty Years of Hope

In Animal Dreams, a complex narrative of place and identities, Barbara Kingsolver speaks to the human need to live inside hope. Twenty years and twenty volumes of JAEPL attests to that need, for, rather than admire hope “from a distance,” the journal “live[d] right in it, under its roof” (306). Throughout its pages, via articles, style, and spirit, it embodied as well as articulated the dreams and aspirations of its parent organization. In this retrospective honoring the journal—helmed initially by Alice Glarden Brand (Volumes 1-3), then by Kristie S. Fleckenstein and Linda T. Calendrillo (Volumes 4-15),1 and currently by Joonna Smitherman Trapp and Brad Peters (Volumes 16-ongoing)—I mark three intertwined hopes and tropes that have circulated throughout JAEPL’s pages.2 First, we have longed to define and validate ourselves as a legitimate field of study by stepping beyond the accepted parameters of literacy studies and, by so doing enrich, if not transform, teacher-scholars, classrooms, and students. Second, we have at the same stepped in, aspiring to connect not only to each other in the spirit of community but also to “the inner landscape of the teaching self ” (Palmer 4). And, third, we have stepped with the larger discipline within which we situate ourselves, returning to literacy studies writ large to nurture and celebrate the shifting center of reading-writing education. As the pages of JAEPL reveals, we have lived inside these hopes for two decades, hopes that resonate to disciplinary change and teacher-scholar’s dreams.

Odyssey of the spermatozoon.

This Opinion piece is offered as a cursory overview of sperm development, function, and transport through the eyes of an equine veterinarian. My professional background is predominantly clinical in nature, but my fascination with sperm function and preservation has led to a fairly sizeable review of the scientific literature over the years in hopes of extracting laboratory findings that have application to my daily activities in the clinical arena. Spermatozoa are quite unique among cellular types with regard to both form and function, and represent the only endogenously derived cell type that exerts its action in a separate being. This paper takes the reader on a voyage with a mammalian spermatozoon, from its formative stages through its transport in the male and female reproductive tracts, and culminating with its interaction with an ovulated oocyte at the time of fertilization. Specific emphasis is placed on equine spermatozoa when notable research findings have been unveiled.

The elusive heart fix.

After years of hope and hype, researchers still don't agree whether cell infusions rejuvenate the human heart.

The Midnight Dress by Karen Foxlee (review)

Reviewed by: The Midnight Dress by Karen Foxlee Karen Coats Foxlee, Karen. The Midnight Dress. Knopf, 2013. 277p. Library ed. ISBN 978-0-375-95645-4 $19.99 Trade ed. ISBN 978-0-375-85645-7 $18.99 E-book ed. ISBN 978-0-449-81821-3 $9.99 R Gr. 9-12. Rose Lovell is growing weary of traveling from town to town with her alcoholic father. When they land in the Paradise, a trailer park in a small beach town in Australia, she decides she might want to stay even if her father moves on. Part of her decision comes as a result of making her first real friend, Pearl; Pearl is a luminous beauty who talks a mile a minute and who is full of plans to find her own father, a Russian with whom her mother had a one-night stand, and move to Paris. She’s taking a romantic detour, however, in a flirtation with an older man who has seen enough of the world for Pearl to find him exotic. Rose, meanwhile, has been persuaded by Pearl to have a dress made for the annual harvest celebration by an eccentric old lady named Edie. Edie requires that Rose help make the dress, and as they design, cut, and sew, Edie shares the stories of her family with Rose, who finds her travel-hardened defenses gradually dissolved under Edie’s care and Pearl’s ebullience. All of this story emerges in the shadow of the disappearance of one of the girls; each chapter starts with either an unfolding description of what happened or an update on the investigation, then shifts to flashbacks of the events that lead up to the night of the festival, keeping the mystery taut but also reminding readers that Rose’s year of hope and transformation did not end well. Rose spends much of her time in the green world of the rain forest and beach that make up the edges of the town; her mental and emotional awakening is conveyed by her growing physical ability to navigate the terrain, which is described with alluring and loving detail. Readers who appreciate layered coming-of-age stories cut short by tragedy and tinged with mystery will enjoy this, especially if they have an affinity for wild spaces. Copyright © 2014 The Board of Trustees of the University of Illinois

Review Essay: Human Rights and the Zimbabwe Land Debate

Philip Barclay. 2010. Zimbabwe: Years of Hope and Despair. London: Bloomsbury Publishing. David McDermott Hughes. 2010. Whiteness in Zimbabwe. Race, Landscape, and the Problem of Belonging. New Yor...

Alterations and Chromosomal Variants in the Ecuadorian Population

Medical genetics is a field marked by fast progress. Even though it was at one point confined to a group of relatively rare diseases, today it has become a central component in the understanding of disorders and it is the subject of interest for all medical specialties. This paper, shares data on the chromosomal alterations and variations that have been diagnosed in Ecuadorian patients since 1998. A total of 2,636 individual cases have been analyzed by G-banding technique until February 2012. The present work shows this collection of data and the important findings that have appeared throughout these years in hopes that it can contribute to have a deeper understanding of the incidence of chromosomal aberrations and alterations in the Ecuadorian population.

Making Space for Women

In 1981, Ellen Ochoa, a Stanford graduate student studying optical information processing, watched as the space shuttle Columbia orbited the Earth 37 times. It was the first manned American flight since the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project six years earlier, and the excitement among Ochoa's predominantly male classmates—many of whom had been in contact with NASA for years in hopes of one day becoming astronauts themselves—was contagious.

Lessons Learned While Integrating Habitat, Dispersal, Disturbance, and Life-History Traits into Species Habitat Models Under Climate Change

We present an approach to modeling potential climate-driven changes in habitat for tree and bird species in the eastern United States. First, we took an empirical-statistical modeling approach, using randomForest, with species abundance data from national inventories combined with soil, climate, and landscape variables, to build abundance-based habitat models for 134 tree and 147 bird species. We produced lists of species for which suitable habitat tends to increase, decrease, or stay the same for any region. Independent assessments of trends of large trees versus seedlings across the eastern U.S. show that 37 of 40 species in common under both studies are currently trending as modeled. We developed a framework, ModFacs, in which we used the literature to assign default modification factor scores for species characteristics that cannot be readily assessed in such models, including 12 disturbance factors (for example, drought, fire, insect pests), nine biological factors (for example, dispersal, shade tolerance), and assessment scores of novel climates, long-distance extrapolations, and output variability by climate model and emission scenario. We also used a spatially explicit cellular model, SHIFT, to calculate colonization potentials for some species, based on their abundance, historic dispersal distances, and the fragmented nature of the landscape. By combining results from the three efforts, we can create projections of potential climate change impacts over the next 100 years or so. Here we emphasize some of the lessons we have learned over 16 years in hopes that they may help guide future experiments, modeling efforts, and management.

Flower Children: The Women

Flower Children:The Women Lauri Umansky (bio) Gretchen Lemke-Santangelo . Daughters of Aquarius: Women of the Sixties Counterculture. Lawrence: University of Kansas Press, 2009. xii + 256 pp. Illustrations, notes, bibliography, and index. $24.95. A cloudburst of nostalgia and apologia for the 1960s rained upon the United States in 2009, punctuated by commemorations of the fortieth anniversary of the Woodstock music festival and the Public Theatre's Broadway revival of the rock musical Hair. Not that the long decade of the Sixties has at any point been absent from American cultural fare since its demise in, say, 1975. In music and fashion, television and film, hairstyles and "lifestyles"—in every cultural form imaginable—Sixties culture has been sustained, reprised, and mythologized for well over thirty years now. Scholars have had their say, too. Scores of books have considered the Vietnam War and the war at home, the movements for social justice, and the machinery of reaction. The counterculture, for all its zany excess, has received a level of scrutiny seldom bestowed on a youth rebellion. What Vice President Spiro Agnew famously characterized as a "whole damn zoo" of rebels—of "Yippies, Hippies, Yahoos, Black Panthers, lions and tigers alike"—former radicals David Horowitz and Peter Collier, slouching toward the cultural and political Right, later dubbed a "destructive generation," dismissing the 1960s as an era "overrated and unmourned."1 Yet Peter Braunstein and Michael William Doyle, in Imagine Nation: The American Counterculture of the 1960s and '70s (2002), perhaps the best scholarly treatment of the Sixties counterculture to date, take the children of Aquarius at their own word, as did Theodore Roszak in The Making of a Counter Culture (1968) and Charles Reich in The Greening of America (1970). Make no mistake, they say: these long-haired, bell-bottomed, pot-smoking, acid-dropping, commune-dwelling, nature-loving, music-making, sex-sharing "freaks" were rebels for a cause: the cause of remaking society to reject warmongering and artifice, alienation and repression; to reflect instead the jouissance of life unfettered by the restrictive norms of a corrupt and moribund society. Ken Goffman and Dan Joy place the youth counterculture of the Sixties in a still more attenuated context of rebellion that includes the Abrahamic and the Socratic, the Transcendentalist and the [End Page 753] Parisian bohemian, in their sometimes serious romp, Counter Culture through the Ages: From Abraham to Acid House (2004). Within this torrent of retrospection, the experience of women in the Sixties has received uneven treatment. Most scholarly overviews of the 1960s in the U.S. discuss the development of second-wave feminism, tracking activist women's consciousness of gender oppression in the Civil Rights and Black Power movements, as in the New Left and other progressive movements, to their eventual creation of a decentralized, multifaceted set of organizations that sought to challenge male dominance and empower women. Todd Gitlin's participant-observer narrative, The Sixties: Years of Hope, Days of Rage (1987), for example, discusses women's experiences intermittently throughout the text, before honing in with a chapter titled, "Women: Revolution within the Revolution." Scholarship focused explicitly on women in the Sixties also trends toward a tributary analysis in which rivulets of discontent in mainstream culture, counterculture, and radical movements eventually culminate in a feminist surge by the late Sixties. With a few exceptions, the counterculture receives sparse attention in studies of women in the 1960s, while women get short shrift in analyses of the counterculture. In Daughters of Aquarius: Women of the Sixties Counterculture, Gretchen Lemke-Santangelo seeks to redress these lapses. She challenges two standard and related assertions in the literature: first is that women in the counterculture suffered exploitation as domestic drudges and child breeders in much the same way, ironically, as women in mainstream, mid-twentieth-century American culture; added to that burden, hippie women faced sexual maltreatment in a counterculture caught up in the rapture of sexual revolution. Second is that the truly beneficial and lasting legacies of the 1960s for women resulted from organized feminist activism, not from the more amorphous, frivolous, and male-dominated counterculture. Each of these assertions contains a dose of truth, Lemke-Santangelo contends, but neither reveals the complexity of...

Polytetrafluoroethylene-covered stents: 15 years of hope, success and failure

Even after almost 15 years, polytetrafluoroethylene-covered stents are an important part of the armory of cardiac catheterization laboratory. They are invaluable in the emergent management of coronary perforations and are also used in the treatment of coronary aneurysms and fistulae. However, they are no longer routinely used in the treatment of saphenous venous graft disease. Future research may be aimed at premedicating them to effectively treat saphenous venous graft lesions.

A New Year of Hope

AT THE BEGINNING of a new year, it seems appropriate to talk about hope. I admit that if you watch the news on television or read the newspapers, all seems grim around us. Companies are failing, unethical economic gurus have plunged billionaires into paupers, those who depend on the stock market are in despair, and the war seems unending. The economic climate is more grim than I have seen in my lifetime. You know when Dagwood looks at his stocks on his computer in the comic strip and his hair stands straight up that we have problems! So, how, you wonder could I talk about hope?

A 2008 of new horizons

A 2008 of new horizons

Czechoslovakia 1968: Revolt or Reform? 1968—A Year of Hope and Non-Understanding1

By the end of 1967 the cooperation between students, writers and communist reformist groups acted as a catalyst to a party coup d'etat in January 1968. By March 1968 the de facto abolishment of censorship led to revelations of corruption, past communist crimes and Soviet domination, and in turn, to the emergence of spontaneous public meetings and a rudimentary civil society. The Party reform movement acquired revolutionary aspects and the reformists were forced to respond to the people. Discussions with Western students and the New Left revealed a great deal of misunderstanding created by different historical experience and social systems. Common denominators were rejection of authoritarianism and support for peace and social justice. Following the Soviet invasion of August 1968, the reformists capitulated and the reforms were defended by alliance of students and workers. The 1968 experience led to closer cooperation across East–East frontiers and with Western groups freed from illusions about the Soviet empire.

Fifty years of hopes and fears

Atomic energy was cutting edge when the Windscale fire showed the world the effects of a nuclear accident. Fifty years on, we have more innovative ways to generate electricity. This week Walt Patterson offers what is virtually an obituary for the nuclear power industry in the United Kingdom. But 50 years on from the serious nuclear accident at Windscale, it is not the safety record that spells the end of the industry. It's pure economics. With the investment risks now transferred to private industry, small-scale gas turbine generation is the obvious choice for a quick return on capital. Nuclear power was worth a try, says Patterson, but without governments pumping the money in to sustain it, it can't pay its way.

Locating the New Left

To many Americans, the social protests of the 1960s seemed almost novalike, flaring up without warning and exposing cracks and blemishes in the American Dream that previous generations had turned away from with blithe indifference. True, a few farsighted thinkers predicted that the 1960s would be tumultuous-Norman Mailer and C. Wright Mills come to mind-but even they could not have imagined the tidal shifts in American culture and politics that the New Left helped to create.' Since then, Americans have engaged in a seemingly inexhaustible debate over the 1960s. Whereas some see the decade as a time of increasing social equality and democratic activity, others lament the ways the 1960s eroded time-tested values. In 2003, Bill Clinton observed that the decade functions as a kind of litmus test. If you look back on the '60's and think there was more good than harm, you're probably a Democrat, he said. If you think there was more harm than good, you're probably a Republican.2 So long as we live in the 1960s broad wake, the New Left is likely to remain a topic of robust historical inquiry. In the late 1980s, two penetrating and beautifully written works-James Miller's Democracy is in the Streets: From Port Huron to the Siege of Chicago (1987), and Todd Gitlin's The Sixties: Years of Hope, Days of Rage (1987)-helped to establish the reigning narrative explaining the intellectual and socio-cultural forces that account for the movement's rapid rise and precipitous decline. However, both studies focus heavily upon the institutional history of Students for a Democratic Society (SDS)-especially in its early years-when in fact, much of the decade's political energy arose from the grassroots, and it wasn't until the midto late 1960s that the New Left became a mass movement.3 As a result, these books shaped the research designs of many newer studies, which collectively present a fuller accounting of the youth rebellion by de-centering SDS, examining the movement at the local level, and exploring other groups of white radicals within the organized Left.

Teaching the 1960s with Primary Sources

ONE OF THE MOST POPULAR COURSES on college campuses and one of the time periods that still provokes considerable interest among high school students is the 1960s. Drawing on my experience as an author of several documentary collections and as a teacher, this paper will consider ways that teachers and students can use primary sources to enhance their understanding of this seminal era.1 In addition, both the text and notes of this paper identify where teachers and students can find the particular documents mentioned below and others like them.2 Numerous studies have shown that using primary sources, such as documents in a history class or laboratory experiments in science courses, encourages active learning. Primary sources compel students to interrogate the past and to begin to form their own interpretations and narratives rather than memorize facts and dates and/or digest interpretations written by others.3 Simultaneously, teachers can enhance their students' understanding of the historical method or craft by using original documents. The advantages of using primary sources in classes about the 1960s are of even greater magnitude than in courses about other periods. Many of the authors of the most widely used texts on the 1960s, and many teachers of classes on the 1960s lived through this time period and seek to shed light on it by drawing on their personal experiences. Todd Gitlin's popular book, The Sixties: Years of Hope, Days of Rage, exemplifies this

Fifty years of hope and concern for the future of occupational medicine.

Occupational Health Services, Institute, University of Illinois at Chicago, School of Public Health, Chicago, IL

Fifty Years of Hope and Concern for the Future of Occupational Medicine

Recently, there has been considerable concern expressed from a number of sources about the future of occupational medicine. A review of the literature and other sources reveals that over the past 50 years there has been continuous hope and concern for the specialty. Occupational medicine became a certified specialty in 1955, growing slowly until 1970, when the passage of the Occupational Safety and Health Act, growth accelerated. The marked decrease in classic occupational diseases, injuries, and deaths is a major triumph but may also be a factor in declining interest in specialization by physicians. Potential conflicts of interest have been at issue for over 50 years. Occupational medicine is now mostly clinical, in contrast to previous years. However, occupational medicine is a distinct and solid specialty that still offers many challenges.

Ordinary Resurrections: Children in the Years of Hope

Book reviewed in this article:Jonathan Kozol (2001). Ordinary Resurrections: Children in the Years of Hope.

History Cracked Open: "New" History's Renunciation of the Past

Those of us who study and teach about the 1960s acknowledge the dominance of two major schools of thought regarding the legacy of that controversial decade. The most prevalent perspective-let's call it the party of nostalgiacelebrates the decade as a period of intense and meaningful social and political change. According to this historiographic outlook-promoted in works by movement participants like SDS president Todd Gitlin in The Sixties: Years of Hope, Days of Rage (1987)-civil rights leaders, feminists, and student activists were members of a heroic vanguard that exposed the racial injustices, gender imbalances, and human rights violations inherent in American culture. Plotting the sixties as an age in which spirited youths challenged the ideological predispositions and constraints of their elders, contributors to this nostalgic school have tended to view the decade as a privileged period set apart, as an exception to the general rule of American complacency. In such accounts, admittedly brash and even disrespectful activists are lionized for their courageous renunciations of the past and their pursuits of alternative and potentially more satisfying futures. As Lance Morrow noted in a twentyyear retrospective written in this nostalgic vein, the sixties was a perverse genius of a decade, a terrifying yet propitious time when history cracked open and the past was severed from the future.1 While this portrait of heroic iconoclasts has been the most popular characterization of sixties' activists over the last thirty years, a revisionist school has emerged of late that challenges the motivations of these youthful reformers and calls into question the value of their denunciatory rebellions. Among the most outspoken of this revisionist school-let's call it the party of skepticism-has been David Burner, whose Making Peace with the Sixties (1996) condemns the dismissiveness with which New Left activists abandoned and betrayed their Old Left progenitors who might have protected them from the hedonistic self-aggrandizement that jeopardized the work of