Years In Indonesia Research Articles

Overview of Stress Levels Factors in Students During Online Learning During The Covid-19 Pandemic in 2021

The government orders all learning activities to be carried out at home (learning from home) and working from home (Work From Home/WFH). because online learning has been going on for more than a year in Indonesia, therefore, this study aims to analyze the factors that affect the level of stress in students during online learning during the 2021 Covid-19 pandemic. This study aims to analyze the factors that influence the stress level of students during online learning. This research was conducted for 1 month, namely June 2021. This study uses a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach. Data collection comes from in-depth interviews with 6th-semester students and a sample of 4 students is taken. During online or online learning that students do during the Covid-19 pandemic, it affects the stress level of 6th-semester students who will soon graduate. Factors that affect the level of stress in students include internal stressors, external stressors, and stress symptom factors (psychological symptoms, physical symptoms, and behavioral symptoms). The factors that affect the level of stress in students during online learning during the Covid-19 pandemic are internal stressors, external stressors, and stress symptom factors.

SIDE EFFECTS OF INJECTABLE AND ORAL CONTRACEPTIVE AND UNINTENDED PREGNANCY AMONG REPRODUCTIVE WOMEN IN INDONESIA

Using contraception is essential for protecting women from the risk of unintended pregnancy. However, contraceptive discontinuation, caused by side effects of contraceptives or health problems, is still high. This study aimed to assess the impact of injectable and pill contraception discontinuation due to side effects or health problems on unintended pregnancy among women aged 15-49 years in Indonesia. This study is based on the 2017 Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey. As many as 1,613 women who discontinued their oral contraceptives and 5,022 women who discontinued their injectables were followed retrospectively. Pregnancy rates were tested for differences between categories using survival analysis. It was found that one year after stopping contraceptives due to side effects, almost 16-17% of oral/injectable contraceptive users were already pregnant. The pregnancy rate was higher among women aged less than 25 years. Unplanned pregnancy occurred more frequently among women who were not working than women who were working. Counseling services need to be strengthened by improving provider knowledge and skills to give comprehensive information including contraceptives’ side effects.

Kedudukan Hukum Bagi Pelaku Transgender di Indonesia Dalam Perspektif Perlindungan Hak Asasi Manusia

The existence of Transgender Groups in Indonesia is still considered one-sided. This is due to the prevailing norms in the Indonesian people's lives. This research on legal standing for Transgender people in Indonesia in the Perspective of Human Rights Protection Law aims to examine whether transgender groups in Indonesia have obtained legal certainty or not. This is because the author feels that the Transgender group still feels the discrimination that occurs to this day. The research method in this research uses a research method with a qualitative approach. Then the type of data that the author uses is qualitative data. Data collection techniques in this study using the literature study. The data analysis method that the author uses is a descriptive method of analysis. The legal protection that can be enforced in protecting Transgender people is in Article 4 of the Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 39 of 1999 concerning Human Rights and legal standing for Transgender groups can be seen in Article 28D of the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia Year 1945 and Article 3 paragraph (3) of the Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 39 of 1999.

PENGARUH PEMBERIAN INFUSED WATER KURMA TERHADAP PERUBAHAN KADAR KALIUM PADA MAHASISWA POLTEKKES KEMENKES YOGYAKARTA DENGAN PREHIPERTENSI

Effect of Infused Water Dates to Change Potassium Levels in The Students of Yogyakarta Ministry of Health with Prehypertension Background . Hypertension not only occurs in the age of adulthood or elderly but can occur from adolescent age. Riskesdas results in 2018, the prevalence of hypertension at age ≥ 18 years in Indonesia showed an increase from the year 2013 which is from 25.8% to 34.1%. According to research, serum potassium levels in patients with hypertension are lower than those with normal blood pressure. Dates can be used as alternative hypertension treatment, one example is made infused water. The introduction of infused water dates is one way to increase the intake of potassium as well as potassium levels in the blood so it is hoped that the increased intake can lower blood pressure. O bjectives . To determine the influence of infused water dates on the change of potassium levels in the students of Yogyakarta Kemenkes Poltekkes. M ethod . This research is quasi experiment by using one group before and after. The research took place in February 2020. The research population is the level student of the Poltekkes Kemenkes Yogyakarta, with a sample of 21 people. Data analysis using Wilcoxon test. Results . Average levels of potassium before intervention is 4,024 ± 0,4847 and average levels of potassium after intervention is 4,276 ± 0,2322. The results showed the influence of infused water dates on potassium levels (P = 0,002). Conclusion: There is the influence of infused water dates on the change of potassium levels in students.

Personal and Perceived Stigmas in Adolescents toward Peers with Mental Disorders in West Sumatra Indonesia

BACKGROUND: The number of mental disorders in adolescents tends to increase every year in Indonesia. However, the stigma of mental disorders is a crucial factor that makes teens hide their mental health problem.
 AIM: This study aimed to examine personal and perceived among adolescents towards peers with mental disorders (PMD) and to identify predictors of these constructs.
 METHODS: This quantitative study with a cross-sectional design recruited 977 adolescents using a cluster random sampling technique. Adolescent stigma was assessed using the Peer Mental Health Stigmatization Scale (PMHSS). Multivariable general linear models (GLMs) was used for analysis.
 RESULTS: The study shows that the perceived stigma (M = 36.62, SD = 5,183) tends to be higher than personal stigma (M = 39.49, SD = 5,495). Higher personal stigma was predicted by a lower level of academic (P < 0.01), lower levels of family monthly income (P < 0.01), and higher perceived stigma (P < 0.001). Higher perceived stigma was predicted by younger age (P < 0.05), lower levels of academic (P < 0.05), higher levels of family monthly income (P < 0.05), and higher personal stigma (P < 0.001).
 CONCLUSION: The Findings suggest that stigmatization towards PMD is common among adolescents. The development of intervention programs should be directed at reducing negative perceptions of the environment. The identified predictors must also be considered in the development of future anti-stigma programs.

Perbandingan Arsitektur ResNet50 dan ResNet101 dalam Klasifikasi Kanker Serviks pada Citra Pap Smear

Cervical cancer is one of the most deadly types of cancer in women. According to Ferlay et al. (2018) cervical cancer ranks second for the type of cancer that attacks women the most. Data from the Indonesian Ministry of Health, there are at least 15000 cases of cervical cancer every year in Indonesia. This cancer is a type of tumor that develops in the epithelial tissue of the cervix. In addition to HPV vaccination, cervical cancer detection can also be carried out with a Pap smear test and VIA examination supported by medical image tests such as CT scan, microscopic and MRI (Akbar et al. 2021). Pap smear test is a type of test to detect cervical cancer which is quite widely used because the cost of the test is cheaper than the HPV vaccination. This test is carried out by taking samples of uterine cells which are then analyzed for early detection of cervical cancer (BPJS Kesehatan 2020). Through a pap smear can be found the presence of HPV infection and abnormal cells that can turn into cancer cells. The purpose of this research is to apply the ResNet50 and ResNet101 architectures on pap smear images to identify cervical cancer and evaluate the performance of the ResNet50 and ResNet101 architectures in the classification of cervical cancer on pap smear images. In this study, CNN ResNet50 and ResNet101 were used to classify cervical cancer on pap smear images. This study has created two models to predict the grade of cervical cancer on pap smear images. The ResNet50 architecture gets 91% accuracy while the ResNet101 architecture gets 89%. Although the architecture of ResNet101 is more complex than ResNet50, but if viewed from the results of the model evaluation, ResNet101 has a worse performance. This is due to the relatively small training data when trained with a large architecture such as ResNet101, not necessarily resulting in better accuracy.

The Effect of ROE on the PBV of Toll Road, Airport, Port, and Sub-Sector Companies in the Indonesia Stock Exchange

This research has been conducting before and during the Covid 19 pandemic and aims to test the effect of the Return on Equity (ROE) to the Price Book Value (PBV) of toll road subsector’s companies, airports, and the like on the Indonesian Stock Exchange (ISE) for 6 years in Indonesia. This type of research uses quantitative research and is equipped with verification with an explanatory survey method. The sampling method used a purposive. It took from five sample companies. Data analysis in this study used panel data regression with the results: The results of this study indicate that ROE has a strong effect on firm value.

Dinamika Hukum Perlindungan Anak Luar Nikah di Indonesia

This research emerged from ideas and ideas that started from our concern and empathy with children out of wedlock who all their lives carry a heavy psychological burden, namely stigmatization as adulterous children, illegitimate children and do not get legal protection at all for their rights as a human child. . This study aims to analyze the dynamics of legal protection for children out of wedlock. We use a normative juridical research method, with a statute approach, regarding the problems we present. The results of our research show that, during the period of 76 years of Indonesia's independence, the State (Government)'s concern for children out of wedlock is very less. It is proven by various laws and regulations that absolutely do not provide certainty, justice and legal benefits for children out of wedlock as the rights of a human child. This practice is not in accordance with the principle of a rule of law based on Pancasila and the principle of equality before the law. But then a legal breakthrough emerged which in our opinion is very advanced and phenomenal (extraordinary), namely, the decision of the Constitutional Court (MK) No. 46/PUU-VIII/2010 which gives status, position and rights as legitimate children to children out of wedlock. This legal breakthrough should be appreciated as a spectacular step to make the law a social engineering tool to break down misconceptions about children out of wedlock. however, it is ironic when the things that are missed by children born out of wedlock are rejected by some groups (conservative groups) who oppose the Constitutional Court's decision. So that until now it is still a polemic in society that has not been resolved. Therefore, through a normative juridical analysis, our research tries to provide a solution that the Constitutional Court's decision is very appropriate because it is in accordance with the values ​​of human rights, Pancasila and the principle of Equality before the Law from the State of Law which must provide certainty, justice and justice. benefits of law to every citizen without indiscriminate or discrimination. Conservatives worry that the Constitutional Court's decision can be a way to legitimize adultery, is a worry that is too naive and shallow. In fact, the Constitutional Court's decision can have a domino effect for children out of wedlock, adulterers, and the community. It is time for the dynamics of the law to develop so, where the law is expected to be a tool of social engineering that will change the paradigm and treatment of society towards children out of wedlock.
 Keywords: Dynamics, Legal Protection, Children Out of Wedlock

Strengthening Christian Identity through Scripture Songwriting in Indonesia

Bible translation and indigenous hymnody have always been important parts of the localization of the Christian faith. In this study, we describe how local songwriters creating songs with lyrics based on translated scriptures play a vital role in the process of localization in Christian communities in Indonesia. We focus primarily on thirty-nine scripture songwriting workshops that we and our colleagues conducted over the past six years in Indonesia, as well as ongoing interactions we had with communities in Ambon and Central Sulawesi. We begin with a literature review to establish the influences which shaped our songwriting workshops and our motivation for conducting them, and then we describe the workshops themselves and the process of musical localization that took place. Throughout the study, we highlight the role of local agency, the importance of fusion genres, and the creation of unique Christian identities through the localization of music.

Analysis of antenatal care, intranatal care and postnatal care utilization: Findings from the 2017 Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey.

Background and objectiveMaternal healthcare utilization by young women and adolescent girls is associated with maternal health outcomes and plays a critical role in reducing maternal mortality rates in low- and middle-income countries. This study sought to analyze current data on antenatal care (ANC), intranatal care (INC), and postnatal care (PNC) utilization with a focus on mothers aged 15–24 years in Indonesia.MethodsThis study was a secondary analysis of data from the 2017 Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey. The unit data analyzed 2,584 mothers aged 15–24 years who had delivered babies within the five-year period preceding the survey. Bivariate analysis and multiple logistic regression utilizing descriptive statistics were used to explore correlations between the independent variables and ANC, INC, and PNC visits.ResultsAmong the mothers included in the study, the prevalence of service utilization was 90.9% for ANC, 79.4% for INC, and 68.9% for PNC. Women’s age, education level, number and birth order of children, difference in age between the mother and her husband, her husband’s occupation, wealth index, access to the health service, and regional factors were significantly associated with the utilization of ANC, INC, and PNC services.ConclusionThis study provides insights for policymakers on how to strengthen healthcare policies and laws with the aim to improve maternal healthcare services for mothers aged 15–24 years. To improve maternal healthcare utilization among young mothers, national policy should focus on service equality, accessibility, and reliable implementation.

Factors Correlating with the Emotional and Behavioral Problems among Adolescents with Legal Problems

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of emotional and behavioral problems (EBP) among adolescents (12–18 years) in Indonesia is 28.4%. These problems are related to age, sex, family economic level, father’s education, peer relationships, psychosocial skills, and family mental health status. However, factors related to EBPs among adolescents who are dealing with law cases have not been widely reported. AIM: The purpose of this study is to find out factors correlating with the EBPs among adolescents with legal problems. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional design was used in this study. Fifty-nine adolescents with legal problems who were sheltered at the Social Protection and Rehabilitation Centre for Adolescents (SPRCA) and the Guidance Institution for Children (GIC) served respondents. Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaires were used to measure the EBP among adolescents. The Pearson Product Moment and linear regressions were used to analyze the data. RESULTS: The prevalence of the EBP among adolescents with legal problems at SPRCA and GIC is 67.8%. The correlations of emotional problems, behavioral problems, hyperactivity, and peer problems with the EBP among adolescents with legal problems are 67.8%, 64.4%, 13.6%, and 57.6%, respectively. Age and psychosocial skills have an effect of 15.7% on the EBP among adolescents. CONCLUSION: Age and psychosocial skills correlate with the EBP among adolescents with legal problems at the SPRCA and GIC.

Hubungan Persepsi Hambatan dan Kemampuan Diri dengan Intensitas Konsumsi Tablet Fe pada Remaja Putri

The prevalence of anemia in adolescent girls aged 15-20 years in Indonesia attains 57.1%. The Ministry of Health targets the provision of Fe tablets to adolescent girls by 30% as an effort to prevent anemia in adolescent girls. However, proportion of consumption Fe tablets to adolescent girls in the working area of the Sidomulyo Health Center is still relatively low. This study aims to determine the relationship between perceived barriers and self-efficacy with the intensity of consumption of Fe tablets as an effort to prevent anemia. The method used in this research was cross sectional approach. The sample size is 155 respondents with the sampling technique used was random sampling. The results of this study indicate that there was a relationship between perceived barriers (p=0.003) and self-efficacy (p=0.000) with the intensity of consumption of Fe tablets.

The effect of efficiency ratio, Bad Credit and Profitability to Capital Adequacy Ratio at Sharia Commercial Banks in Indonesia Year 2014-2018

This study aims to determine the effect of efficiency ratios, non-perfoming loans, and profitability on the capital adequacy ratio in Islamic Commercial Banks in Indonesia 2014-2018. This research is a quantitative study with secondary data from financial reports. Purposive sampling is a sampling technique use in this study so that there are 14 samples of Islamic commercial banks during the 2014-2018 period. The data analysis used is multiple linear regression analysis with the SPSS application. The results obtained by two dependent variables, the efficiency ratio and non-performing loans have an influence on the capital adequacy ratio. Meanwhile, profitability partially has no effect on the capital adequacy ratio.

Online-Based Nutrition Education to Reduce Sugar, Salt, and Fat Intake in School Children: A Research Protocol

BACKGROUND: Indonesia is currently facing a very complex health problem. Non-communicable diseases (NCDs), for instance, are not only suffered by adolescence or adults, but nowadays, children are also facing the same problem. In children, obesity can be a dangerous risk factor for NCDs later in life. In 2013, the prevalence of overweight and obese children aged 5–12 years in Indonesia reached 18.8%. Meanwhile, in the industrial era 4.0, the development of technology and information is running very rapidly and may affect on food preferences of children, especially sugar, salt, and fat intake on children. Hence, schools play an important role in helping students establish healthy eating behaviors. AIM: Since nutrition was not a curriculum in elementary school Indonesia and studies related to nutrition education with the intensive methods through online platforms are still limited, this study aims to explore the effectiveness of 8-week nutrition education related to improving knowledge, attitude, practice, subjective norms, and perceived behavior control of children toward limiting sugar, salt, and fat intake on children aged 8–12 years. METHODS: This is a randomized control trial study by giving nutrition education intervention related to sugar, salt, and fat consumption to schoolchildren. This study targets elementary schoolchildren using a quasi-experiment design with a pre-post test control group design. The study will be conducted online in 3 urban areas (center) in Indonesia, namely: Surabaya, Semarang, and Makassar City. There are 13 elementary schools involved, consisting of 5 schools from Surabaya City, 4 from Semarang City, and 4 from Makassar City. A total of 300 elementary school students aged 8–12 years as well as 26 teachers are joining in this research. This study has the number: U1111-1268-9302 for the Universal Trial Number and approved by Thai Clinical Trial Registry (TCTR) with identification number: TCTR20210824013.

Legal and Victimological Perspective on Sexual Violence against Children Cases in Indonesia

Every year in Indonesia there are various cases of sexual violence against children whose quantity is increasing every year. Protection of children from all threats of crime that can threaten their survival is contained in the constitution of the State of Indonesia as a country that upholds law and human rights. When children experience incidents of sexual violence, their future will be threatened due to psychological, mental and social trauma factors. Therefore, in this paper, the author wants to examine how to handle cases of sexual violence in Indonesia from a legal and victimological perspective by identifying the problem, namely how is legal protection for children as victims in cases of sexual violence and how is the perspective of victimology in this case the study of victims in acts of violence. crime or crime.

Pengaruh Governance terhadap Penerimaan Pajak Daerah

This paper examines that good government governance has directly and moderating effect on local income tax determination. Using data from 33 province government in Indonesia for year 2008 and 2012, this research shows that good government governance is significant factor that improve local tax income directly and moderate variable. Good government governance strengthens positive correlation of per capita income and local tax income. While good government governance has not proven negative weakness of inflation and local tax.

The Use of Contraception and Adolescent Fertility in Indonesia

INTRODUCTION: Fertility in adolescents is closely related to the incidence of early marriage which will have an impact on increasing the incidence of pregnancy in adolescents so that it will directly affect the health of mothers and babies. The younger the age at marriage, the higher the fertility rate.
 AIM: This study aimed to determine the relationship between contraception and fertility among ado­lescents.
 METHODS: This quantitative study used a cross-sectional design. The population of this study was adolescents aged 15–19 years in Indonesia. The total sample of 7,547 adolescents was selected from the 2017 Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS). Multivariate analysis using binary logistic regression was used to analyze the independent variable (contraception use) on the dependent variable (fertility) with education, work status, region, age at first sexual intercourse, economic status, and marital status as the controlled variables.
 RESULTS: Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to report the relationship between independent and dependent variables controlled by potential confounder variables. The results showed that the odds ratio of contraceptives users was 46 times compared to non-user after being controlled by confounding variables (AOR=4.8; 95%CI 33.857 – 441.046) after controlled by economic status, age at first exual intercourse, and marital status.
 CONCLUSION: The relationship between contraceptive use and fertility in adolescents is affected by confounding variables such as age at first sexual intercourse, economic status, and marital status. In addition, the odds ratio of contraceptives users was 46 times compared to non-users after being controlled by confounding variables.

Application of Open Proportional System in Post Amendment Legislative Elections Basic Law of the Republic of Indonesia Year 1945

This study aims to examine how the concept of the application of the Open Proportional System in the Legislative Elections After the Amendment to the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia is applied. This study uses a normative juridical method based on primary and secondary legal materials. The form of the results of this research is descriptive analysis, where the results of the research provide an objective description of the concept of the application of the Open Proportional System in the Legislative Elections After the Amendment to the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. The approaches in this study are: statute approach, and conceptual approach. In tracing legal materials, the author uses the Research library, and uses qualitative analysis. The results show that the application of the open proportional system in the legislative elections after the amendment to the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia varies, the 2004 election with a limited open proportional system using a BPP value of 100%, the 2009 and 2014 elections applying a pure open proportional system using the hare quota method and the 2019 election applying the system pure open proportional with sound conversion method using sainte lague system. The open proportional system is also able to present a variety of electoral winning parties.

Application of Open Proportional System in Post Amendment Legislative Elections Basic Law of the Republic of Indonesia Year 1945

This study aims to examine how the concept of the application of the Open Proportional System in the Legislative Elections After the Amendment to the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia is applied. This study uses a normative juridical method based on primary and secondary legal materials. The form of the results of this research is descriptive analysis, where the results of the research provide an objective description of the concept of the application of the Open Proportional System in the Legislative Elections After the Amendment to the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. The approaches in this study are: statute approach, and conceptual approach. In tracing legal materials, the author uses the Research library, and uses qualitative analysis. The results show that the application of the open proportional system in the legislative elections after the amendment to the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia varies, the 2004 election with a limited open proportional system using a BPP value of 100%, the 2009 and 2014 elections applying a pure open proportional system using the hare quota method and the 2019 election applying the system pure open proportional with sound conversion method using sainte lague system. The open proportional system is also able to present a variety of electoral winning parties.

Pengetahuan dan Sikap tentang Perilaku Merokok pada Remaja

Smoking is a health problem in Indonesia and one of the main factors of several chronic diseases that can lead to death, although many smokers are aware and admit that smoking can lead to cancer. WHO estimates that the number of smokers in Indonesia in 2025 will increase to 90 million people, or 45% of the total population. Some adolescents think that smoking is a need to relax or other reasons that make smoking commonplace. The proportion of smoking among people aged ≥10 years in Indonesia with smoking behavior every day is 24.3% and occasional smoking is 4.6%. This study aims to determine the level of knowledge, attitudes and smoking behavior in adolescents. The research method used is correlational with cross sectional approach. The population in this study were students and female students at SMKN Kota Jambi, the sampling technique with accidental sampling was 49 people. The instrument used was a questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed by univariate and bivariate and statistical tests were performed using the ch-square test. The results showed that most of the respondents had good knowledge of 57.1%, a positive attitude of 59.1% and the majority of adolescents did not smoke 63.2%. The statistical test results showed no significant relationship between knowledge and smoking behavior (P> 0.005) but there was a significant relationship between attitude and smoking behavior in adolescents (P <0.005). It is hoped that the school will implement a smoking-free area and put up a warning poster for the dangers of smoking in the school environment and carry out continuous monitoring and evaluation