Yaw Stability Control Strategy Research Articles

Research on Yaw Stability Control of Front-Wheel Dual-Motor-Driven Driverless Formula Racing Car

In order to improve the yaw stability of a front-wheel dual-motor-driven driverless vehicle, a yaw stability control strategy is proposed for a front-wheel dual-motor-driven formula student driverless racing car. A hierarchical control structure is adopted to design the upper torque distributor based on the integral sliding mode theory, which establishes a linear two-degree-of-freedom model of the racing car to calculate the expected yaw angular velocity and the expected side slip angle and calculates the additional yaw moments of the two front wheels. The lower layer is the torque distributor, which optimally distributes the additional moments to the motors of the two front wheels based on torque optimization objectives and torque distribution rules. Two typical test conditions were selected to carry out simulation experiments. The results show that the driverless formula racing car can track the expected yaw angular velocity and the expected side slip angle better after adding the yaw stability controller designed in this paper, effectively improving driving stability.

An individualized robust stability control strategy for active front steering vehicles

To improve the vehicle stability and driver steering performance, this paper presents an individualized yaw stability control strategy based on H∞ robust control for active front steering (AFS) vehicles. A driver-vehicle system, including a driver steering model and a vehicle dynamics model with AFS, is formed. To analyze the steering characteristics of different drivers, a set of driving data of 36 drivers is collected, and the driver’s characteristics parameters are identified by using the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. A general evaluation function considering the trajectory tracking performance, vehicle stability, driver workloads, and driver’s characteristics parameters are established to evaluate the comprehensive steering performance. To accomplish the personalized control of vehicle yaw stability, an individualized H∞ robust yaw stability controller is presented by adjusting the gain of the weighting function according to the general evaluation of each driver. Driver-in-the-loop experiment is conducted based on the Matlab/Simulink-CarSim®-Prescan co-simulation platform, and the results demonstrates that the proposed control strategy can provide driver with individualized driving assistance while improving the overall driving performance and reducing the driver’s workloads.

Research on Yaw Stability Control Strategy Based on Direct Slip Rate Allocation

This paper deals with the integrated control of trajectory tracking and yaw stability for autonomous vehicles. Firstly, a nonlinear vehicle dynamics model is established. The MPC algorithm was used to determine the best front wheel angle. The PID control algorithm is used to ensure the accuracy of longitudinal speed tracking. The sliding mode control algorithm is used to generate additional yaw moment and optimize the distribution of longitudinal tire force. In order to ensure the most effective distribution of the driving torque of the four wheels of the vehicle, the PID algorithm is used to track and manage the longitudinal slip rate of each tire on the bottom layer. Simulation tools such as MATLAB/Simulink and Carsim are used to verify the effectiveness of the multi-closed-loop integrated control technology. Compared with the general control strategy (no slip rate control), the trajectory error of this control algorithm is reduced by 55.6%, which indicates that it has advantages in obtaining a high tracking accuracy and ensuring the stability of autonomous vehicles.

Research on Yaw Stability Control Strategy for Distributed Drive Electric Trucks.

With the advancement of vehicle electrification and intelligence, distributed drive electric trucks have emerged as the preferred choice for heavy-duty electric trucks. However, the control of yaw stability remains a significant issue. To tackle this concern, this study introduces a layered control strategy for yaw moment. Specifically, the upper layer utilizes a yaw moment controller based on linear quadratic regulator (LQR) to compute the additional yaw moment required. Additionally, in order to enhance the performance of the yaw moment controller, the weight matrix in LQR is optimized using a hybrid Genetic Algorithm and Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm (GA-PSO). The lower layer consists of a torque distribution layer, which establishes an objective function for minimizing tire utilization rate. Quadratic Programming algorithm is then employed to compute the optimal torque distribution value, thereby improving the vehicle's stability. Subsequently, the stability control effects of the vehicle are simulated and compared on the Matlab/Simulink Trucksim joint simulation platform using four control strategies: the proposed control strategy, SMC, LQR, and without yaw moment control. These simulations are conducted under two working conditions: serpentine and double lane change. The results demonstrate that the proposed approach reduces the average yaw rate by 14.4%, 19.6%, and 42.15% while optimizing the average sideslip angle by 25.9%, 24.8%, and 52.3% in comparison to the other three control strategies. Consequently, the proposed control strategy significantly enhances the driving stability of the vehicle. Furthermore, the optimized allocation method reduces the average tire utilization rate by 42.6% in contrast to the average allocation method, thereby improving the stability control margin of the vehicle. These findings successfully validate the efficiency of the yaw stability control strategy presented in this article.

Coordinated yaw stability control for extreme path tracking of 4WIDEVs based on predictive control

To improve safety and stability of four-wheel independent drive electric vehicles (4WIDEVs) in extreme path tracking maneuvers, a hierarchical yaw stability control scheme based on predictive control is proposed in this work. The upper-level stability control strategy coordinates active front steering (AFS) and direct yaw moment control (DYC), yielding desired front steering angle and longitudinal force of each tire. The control task is formulated into a finite horizon optimal control problem, which is solved by hybrid model predictive control (hMPC) algorithm. The lower-level slip ratio control strategy calculates and tracks the optimal longitudinal slip ratio of each tire for implementation of the longitudinal tire force distributions in a wide range of road friction coefficient. Based on a qualified piecewise affine (PWA) approximation of lateral tire force models, the stable regions of vehicle states under multiple varying inputs are obtained by analyzing trajectories of fixed points. Furthermore, the control modes of the upper-level control strategy with different control inputs and state constraints are determined by judging bifurcation point of system. Finally, the proposed control approach is verified and compared through the dSPACE-based hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) experiments. The results indicate that the proposed yaw stability control strategy can improve yaw stability performance and reduce the tracking error significantly in extreme situations.

An Adaptive Nonsingular Fast Terminal Sliding Mode Control for Yaw Stability Control of Bus Based on STI Tire Model

Due to the bus characteristics of large quality, high center of gravity and narrow wheelbase, the research of its yaw stability control (YSC) system has become the focus in the field of vehicle system dynamics. However, the tire nonlinear mechanical properties and the effectiveness of the YSC control system are not considered carefully in the current research. In this paper, a novel adaptive nonsingular fast terminal sliding mode (ANFTSM) control scheme for YSC is proposed to improve the bus curve driving stability and safety on slippery roads. Firstly, the STI (Systems Technologies Inc.) tire model, which can effectively reflect the nonlinear coupling relationship between the tire longitudinal force and lateral force, is established based on experimental data and firstly adopted in the bus YSC system design. On this basis, a more accurate bus lateral dynamics model is built and a novel YSC strategy based on ANFTSM, which has the merits of fast transient response, finite time convergence and high robustness against uncertainties and external disturbances, is designed. Thirdly, to solve the optimal allocation problem of the tire forces, whose objective is to achieve the desired direct yaw moment through the effective distribution of the brake force of each tire, the robust least-squares allocation method is adopted. To verify the feasibility, effectiveness and practicality of the proposed bus YSC approach, the TruckSim-Simulink co-simulation results are finally provided. The co-simulation results show that the lateral stability of bus under special driving conditions has been significantly improved. This research proposes a more effective design method for bus YSC system based on a more accurate tire model.

Observation of Dynamic State Parameters and Yaw Stability Control of Four-Wheel-Independent-Drive EV

Vehicle yaw stability control is an important part of the active safety of electric vehicles. In order to realize the yaw stability control of vehicles, this paper takes 4-WID electric vehicles as the research object, studies the nonlinear estimation of the state parameters of the lateral stability dynamic system and the yaw stability control strategy. The vehicle state parameter estimation strategy, based on the unscented Kalman filter (UKF) algorithm and the model predictive control algorithm, are designed to control the vehicle yaw stability, which realizes the safe and stable driving of the vehicle. Through CarSim–Simulink joint simulation and hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) experiments based on MicroAutoBox, the effectiveness and real-time performance of the designed control strategy are fully verified, which accelerate the development process of the vehicle controller, and realizes the safe and stable driving of the vehicle.

Yaw stability control through independent driving torque control of mid and rear wheels of an articulated bus

This paper describes a novel yaw stability control strategy for a four-wheel-independent-drive electric articulated bus with four motors at the middle and rear wheels. The proposed control strategy uses a hierarchical control architecture. In the upper layer, a 3 degree-of-freedom reference model is established to obtain the desired vehicle states and the desired yaw moments of the front and rear compartments are determined by means of sliding mode control, respectively. The lower layer distributes differential longitudinal forces according to the desired yaw moments based on quadratic programming theory. The tire utilization rate is used as the optimization goal considering the actual constraints. To verify performance, three test cases are designed on the dSPACE-ASM simulation platform. The test results show the proposed control strategy can improve the yaw stability and the trajectory following performance of the bus under different driving conditions.

Design of Yaw Stability Control System for Electric Vehicle Driven by Hub Motor

In extreme weather condition, the electric vehicle yaw stability control accuracy is low. A new yaw stability control system for electric vehicle driven by hub motor is designed to simplify the hardware system design and improve the system response speed. The driving control module is used to analyse the driving state parameters of the vehicle and calculate the four-wheel moment to control the yaw stability of the vehicle, which is transmitted to the battery control module. The UDU in the control module adjusts the motor speed and power output in real time according to the vehicle power demand after analyzing the vehicle driving state data. In the software part of the system, the vehicle dynamic model is built and yaw stability control strategy is used to complete the vehicle yaw stability control. The experimental results show three important parameters of the designed system for evaluating the manoeuvrability tend to ideal values under the control of the system, in which yaw angular velocity is controlled from 0.277 rads to 0.286 rads and the difference between them is 0.002 and 0.011. The yaw stability control accuracy is also high.

Yaw Stability Control Strategy of Multi-wheel Independent Electric Articulated Bus

Yaw Stability Control Strategy of Multi-wheel Independent Electric Articulated Bus

Yaw Stability Control Based on hMPC for Dual-motor Driven Electric Vehicles

Since dual-motor driven electric vehicles (DDEVs) can achieve independent and accurate control of the wheel torque, this paper proposes a hierarchical yaw stability control strategy based on model predictive control (MPC) for DDEVs to improve the performance of vehicle yaw stability. A two-degree-of-freedom (2DOF) vehicle dynamic model is developed to calculate the desired vehicle states, which are used as the reference signals in the upper layer controller, based on linear MPC. In the lower layer, a hybrid MPC (hMPC) method is carried out for the torque distribution considering the nonlinear characteristics of the tire longitudinal force and the piecewise linearization of the longitudinal force of the tire is performed. Finally, the proposed strategy is evaluated in Matlab and the results indicate that the suggested hierarchical yaw stability control strategy can significantly improve the vehicle yaw stability.

DLMPCS‐based improved yaw stability control strategy for DDEV

The yaw stability of distributed drive electric vehicle (DDEV) can be guaranteed by the active steering and torque distribution systems. Conventional yaw stability control strategy mainly focuses on the study of yaw moment, while the tyre lateral saturation and excessive longitudinal skid problems are difficult to be solved efficiently. This may lead to the unstable yaw phenomenon of the vehicle such as the sideslip or tail flick. To improve the yaw stability of DDEV under the tyre lateral saturation and excessive longitudinal skid situations, a double-layer model predictive control system (DLMPCS) is presented in this work. The proposed DLMPCS consists of an anti-saturation yaw stability controller (AYSC) and an anti-slip torque distribution controller (ATDC). The AYSC is designed to guarantee the vehicle yaw stability under the tyre lateral saturation situation, through the active steering and yaw moment. The ATDC is designed to realise the torque distribution and keep the longitudinal slip ratio within the stable zone; then, the vehicle can be prevented from the excessive skid phenomenon. The simulation results confirm the improved yaw performance of the DLMPCS for DDEV under different situations.

A Robust Control Invariant Set Approach to Yaw Stability of Four-Wheel Drive Electric Vehicle

In this paper, a novel yaw stability control strategy for four-wheel drive electric vehicle under critical driving situations is presented. The motivation of this research is that oversteer occurs or yaw response performance is reduced when an inappropriate desired yaw rate is designed during the yaw rate tracking control. Although the bounded desired yaw rate is widely utilized to prevent oversteer in literatures, it is difficult to put forward the desired yaw rate which takes both yaw response and stability performance into account in practice. Considering that oversteer is caused by lateral forces saturation of rear wheels, this paper proposes a control strategy to constrain the lateral forces of rear wheels directly instead of bounding the desired yaw rate. The key of this work is that the state space consisting of yaw rate and side slip angle is firstly divided into two parts: saturated and unsaturated space of lateral forces of rear wheels. In the unsaturated space, the yaw rate tracking control is applied to enhance the yaw response performance. And in the saturated space, a robust invariant set yaw rate control is proposed to keep the tire slip angle of rear axle in a robust invariant set to constrain lateral forces of rear wheels. In this paper, the design approach of the robust invariant set control for yaw stability is discussed in detail. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed method for enhancing yaw rate response performance and preventing lateral forces saturation of rear wheels.

Yaw Stability Control Strategy Based on Integrated-electro-hydraulic Brake System

Yaw Stability Control Strategy Based on Integrated-electro-hydraulic Brake System