The use of computers in the colour and textile industry dates back to 1960s 111. A significant number of papers have been published over the years describing the application of computer control in various fields of textiles (21, including fibre production [3,4], yarn formation 151, fabric formation [6-8], and dyeing processes and machinery [9-211. Although the term ’artificial intelligence’ was coined in 1956 1221, it was during the last decade of the 20th century that textile researchers actively investigated its application in various fields. Some earlier developments in artificial intelligence have been reported for the textiles industry [23], textile finishing 124,251 and the colour industry [26]. One of the earlier applications of artificial intelligence in textile coloration was robotics, which was explored in the quest for automation and control. However, more recently, artificial neural networks (ANN) 127,281, fuzzy logic and some expert or knowledge-based systems have attracted the attention of researchers in different sectors of the colour and textile industry. The aim of this paper is to review some recent applications of artificial intelligence in finding better solutions to various problems in different areas of the colour and textile industry. The intention is to describe the applications rather briefly and to give a more thorough account of specific technologies that are being used or have a huge potential for use in the foreseeable future.