Six new infrageneric taxa of Araceae, subfamily Colocasioideae, are described. Chlorospatha hammeliana is described from a restricted area of Panama, C. croatiana ssp. croatiana from Costa Rica and Panama, and Caladium lindeni (Andr6) Madison var. sylvestre from Panama and Colombia. These represent the first reported indigenous occurrences of the genera Caladium and Chlorospatha outside of South America. In addition, Chlorospatha gentryi and C. croatiana ssp. enneaphylla are described from northwestern Colombia. Chlorospatha croatiana and C. gentryi are the fourth and fifth species of their genus known to have compound leaves; a key is provided to all five. A brief review of generic distinctions within the tribe Caladieae precedes the description of the second known peltateleaved species of Xanthosoma, X. caladioides, from eastern Panama. The tribe Caladieae (sensu Madison, 1981), belonging to the subfamily Colocasioideae of the overwhelmingly tropical family Araceae, consists of six genera and 70-7 5 species, all confined to the New World. Three of the genera, Aphyllarum, Jasarum, and Scaphispatha, are monotypic and of restricted distribution in South America and will not be considered further in this paper. The remaining three genera, Caladium, Chlorospatha, and Xanthosoma, comprise the bulk of the species and range more widely, though only Xanthosoma has been heretofore reported to extend beyond South America (Croat, 1979; Madison, 1981). The Caladieae appear to be especially diverse in the Andean regions of northern South America, and recent work on newly available collections from that area (Madison, 1981) has led to the clarification of generic concepts in the group. These refined concepts have, in turn, facilitated the placement of new taxa collected in South America and other regions, including those described below. CALADIUM Caladium lin-denii (Andr6) Madison is well known in cultivation as an ornamental plant with whitish or silvery leaf venation. This species is more commonly, but improperly, known as Xanthosoma lindenii (Andr6) Engl., the transfer to Caladium having been made only recently (Madison, 1981). It was first described, as Phyllotaenium lindenii Andr6, in 1872, from plants supposedly collected in Colombia; although persisting in cultivation, the species was not found again in the wild until 1939, when a form with plain green leaves was collected in Choc6 Department, Colombia (Killip 35140, COL). Subsequent collections have extended the known natural range of this species-and consequently of the genus Caladium-into central Panama. All collections of the plain-leaved form have, until recently, either been misidentified or left