Mother bamboos from 16 Phyll. pub. provenances in 8 provinces in the spring of 1995 were selected for a provenances trial in Jian'ou city and Hua'an country. Over 5 years, according to the observation of more than 70 indexes, including bamboo shoot growth of different provenances the structure of spring shoot nutrition and physiological indexes, and using mathematical genetics theories and skills, the results show that there are obvious geographical variations of Phyll. pub. provenances. The numbers of spring shoots in the south are greater than in the north, but the reverse is true for the diameter and height. According to the synthetic evaluation, the provenances of Wuyi Mountain Jian'ou Shaxian in Fujian and Shangrao city in Jianxi are better than others, and there is significant genetic improvement.