WSe2 Nanosheets Research Articles

Van der Waals Heterojunction Based Self-Powered Biomimetic Dual-Mode Sensor for Precise Object Identification.

The design and fabrication of materials that can concurrently respond to light and gas within the dual-modal recognition domain present a significant challenge due to contradictory structural requirements. This innovative strategy introduces a type-I heterojunction, combining the properties of Sb2Te3 and WSe2 nanosheets, to overcome these obstacles. The heterojunction is prepared through a precise stacking approach to create a single-side barrier on the valence band and a near-zero offset on the conduction band. The resulting Sb2Te3/WSe2 heterojunction demonstrates unparalleled performance, showcasing the best integrated photoelectric and gas sensing performance in a single device to date. Based on the above features, the heterojunction successfully integrates visual and olfactory sensing performance, achieving the first biomimetic visual-olfactory dual-mode recognition in a single device. This simulation increased the accuracy of distinguishing electric and fuel-powered cars from ≈50% to ≈96%. This work introduces a novel approach to creating efficient, self-powered sensing materials, paving the way for next-generation biomimetic dual-model devices with broad applications in environmental protection, medical care, and other fields.

Assessment of electrochemical removal mechanisms of diverse transition metal dichalcogenides for caesium ion removal in wastewater treatment

Abstract Effective treatment of radioactive wastewater is crucial for broader nuclear energy adoption, with caesium radionuclides (most exist in the form of caesium chloride) presenting challenges due to their long half-life and biological hazards. Conventional adsorbents like zeolites and carbon-based materials, including graphene, face limitations in adsorption capacity due to the formation of electric double layers (EDL). This has led to the investigation of alternatives such as transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) e.g., MoS2, MoSe2, and WSe2, which offer promising galleries for caesium ion removal. Aside from extensively studied MoS2, there is limited research on the adsorption mechanisms and capacities of other TMDs like MoSe2 and WSe2. Here, we conduct a comparative study examining the removal mechanisms and capacities of exfoliated MoS2, MoSe2, and WSe2 nanosheets, alongside an evaluation of these properties in relation to graphene. Our investigation reveals distinct removal mechanisms and capacities among these three materials for capturing caesium ions in a variety of mechanisms. MoS2 nanosheets primarily utilise a pseudocapacitive charge storage mechanism via intercalation, as evidenced by a total charge storage of 0.78 C g1, with only 2.6% stored via EDL formation. In contrast, MoSe2 predominantly relies on EDL formation, with almost 60% of the total 0.54 C g1 charge storage attributed to this mechanism. Lastly, WSe2 exhibits a combination of both charge storage behaviours, with a total charge storage of 0.77 C g1, of which 14% is due to EDL formation. This research highlights the potential efficacy of TMDs as viable materials for caesium removal, offering an appealing alternative to conventional adsorbents and likely fostering advancements in water treatment technologies.

Rolling up 2D WSe2 Nanosheets to 1D Anisotropic Nanoscrolls for Polarization-Sensitive Photodetectors.

The intrinsic low-symmetry crystal structures or external geometries of low-dimensional materials are crucial for polarization-sensitive photodetection. However, these inherently anisotropic materials are limited in variety, and their anisotropy is confined to specific crystal directions. Transforming 2D semiconductors, such as WSe2, from isotropic 2D nanosheets into anisotropic 1D nanoscrolls expands their application in polarization photodetection. Despite this considerable potential, research on polarization photodetection based on nanoscrolls remains scarce. Here, the uniform crystalline orientation of WSe2 nanoscrolls is achieved conveniently and efficiently by applying ethanol droplets to vapor deposition-grown bilayer WSe2 nanosheets. Angle-resolved polarized Raman spectroscopy of WSe2 nanoscrolls demonstrates vibrational anisotropy. Photodetectors based on these nanoscrolls show competitive overall performance with a broadband detection range from 405 to 808nm, a competitive on/off ratio of ≈900, a high detectivity of 3.4×108 Jones, and a fast response speed of ≈30ms. Additionally, WSe2 nanoscroll-based photodetectors exhibit strong polarization-sensitive detection with a maximum dichroic ratio of 1.5. More interestingly, due to high photosensitivity, the WSe2 nanoscroll detectors can easily record sequential puppy images. This work reveals the potential of WSe2 nanoscrolls as excellent polarization-sensitive photodetectors and provides new insights into the development of high-performance optoelectronic devices.

(Invited) Enhanced Catalysis of Surface-Activated Metallic WSe2 Nanosheets By Single-Atom Pt for High-Performance Li-O2 Battery

Layered materials, such as TMDCs, exhibit various electronic structures attributed to their polymorphism and can be further modificated at the atomic level through chemical treatments. TMDCs in the metallic phase (1T or 1T’ phase) have gained attention as efficient electrocatalystic materials, due to their exceptional transport properties compared to TMDCs in the semiconducting phase (2H phase). TMDCs with the metallic phase have been prepared by atomic-scale post-treatments, such as an intercalation and single-atom doping. However, the precise role of these post-treatments in the catalytic performance of TMDCs is still ambiguous, as it is uncertain whether the enhanced properties arise from charge transfer kinetics in metallic phase or electrochemical properties induced by the post-treatment.Herein, we present a straightforward approach fabrication for fabricating metallic WSe2 nanosheets, which serve as an excellent support for single-atom Pt doping. The incorporation of single-atom Pt into WSe2 nanosheets was achieved using a simple solution method at room temperature. Extensive measurements were conducted, including XAS, XPS, and XPDF to investigate the local coordination structure of Pt-WSe2. These measurements confirmed the presentce of single-atom Pt doping within WSe2 layers. The introduction of single-atom Pt significantly enhanced the kinetics of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), leading to improved performance of Li-O2 batteries. Experimental measurements and DFT calculations provided evidence that the enhanced catalytic abilities of Pt-WSe2 originated from the improved interaction between oxygen and the Se vacancy on basal planes of WSe2. Consequently, the Li-O2 battery incorporating the Pt-WSe2 catalyst exhibited a stable discharge and charge cycle for up to 350 cycles, demonstrating its superior durability.

High-Capacity and Ultra-Long-Life Mg-Metal Batteries Enabled by Intercalation-Conversion Hybrid Cathode Materials.

The advancement of rechargeable Mg-metal batteries (RMBs) is severely impeded by the lack of suitable cathode materials. Despite the good cyclic stability of intercalation-type compounds, their specific capacity is relatively low. Conversely, the conversion-type cathodes can deliver a higher capacity but often suffer from poor cycling reversibility and stability. Herein, a WSe2/Se intercalation-conversion hybrid material with elemental Se uniformly distributed into WSe2 nanosheets is fabricated via a simple solvothermal method for high-performance RMBs. The uniformly introduced Se confined in WSe2 nanosheets can not only efficiently improve the conductivity of the hybrid cathodes, facilitating the fast electron transport and ion diffusion, but also provide additional specific capacity. Besides, the WSe2 can effectively inhibit the detrimental Se dissolution and polyselenide shuttle, thereby activating the activity of Se and improving its utilization. Consequently, the synergy of intercalation and conversion mechanisms endows WSe2/Se hybrids with superior reversible capacity of 252mAhg-1at 0.1Ag-1 and ultra-long cyclability of up to 5000 cycles at 2.0Ag-1 with capacity retention of 78.1%. This work demonstrates the feasibility of the strategy by integrating intercalation and conversion mechanisms for developing high-performance cathode materials for RMBs.

Scanning Plasmon-Enhanced Microscopy for Simultaneous Optoelectrical Characterization.

Scanning microscopy methods are crucial for the advancement of nanoelectronics. However, the vertical nanoprobes in such techniques suffer limitations such as the fragility at the tip-sample interface, complex instrumentation, and the lack of in operando functionality in several cases. Here, we introduce scanning plasmon-enhanced microscopy (SPEM) and demonstrate its capabilities on MoS2 and WSe2 nanosheets. SPEM combines a nanoparticle-on-mirror (NPoM) configuration with a portable conductive cantilever, enabling simultaneous optical and electrical characterization. This distinguishes it from other current techniques that cannot provide both characterizations simultaneously. It offers a competitive optical resolution of 600 nm with local enhancement of optical signal up to 20,000 times. A single gold nanoparticle with a 15 nm radius forms pristine, nondamaging van der Waals contact, which allows observation of unexpected p-type behavior of MoS2 at the nanoscale. SPEM reconstructs the NPoM method by eliminating the need for extensive statistical analysis and offering excellent nanoscale mapping resolution of any selected region. It surpasses other scanning techniques in combining precise optical and electrical characterization, interactive simplicity, tip durability, and reproducibility, positioning it as the optimal tool for advancing nanoelectronics.

Hydrothermal Synthesis and Characterization of WSe2 Nanosheets: A Promising Approach for Wearable Photodetector Applications.

The two-dimensional (2D) WSe2 nanostructure was successfully synthesized via the hydrothermal method and subjected to comprehensive characterization using various spectroscopic techniques. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the formation of nanosheets with a hexagonal crystal structure having a space symmetry of P63/mmc. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images showed irregular and nonuniform morphology. The size of the 2D nanosheets was determined using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) providing insights intotheir physical characteristics. The optical spectrum analysis yielded a discernible band gap value of 2.1 eV, as determined by the Tauc equation. Photoluminescence (PL) spectra display an emission at a wavelength of 610 nm, showing a broad emission associated with self-trapped excitons. Under excitation at λexc = 360 nm, PL emission spectra displayed a distinct peak at 610 nm, demonstrating the ability of the nanostructure to emit vivid red light. Photometric analysis underscored the potential of this nanostructure as a prominent red-light source for diverse display applications. The optimized photodetection performance of a device showcases a photoresponsivity of approximately 1.25 × 10-3 AW-1 and a detectivity of around 5.19 × 108 Jones at a wavelength of 390 nm. Additionally, the quantum efficiency is reported to be approximately 6.99 × 10-3 at a wavelength of 635 nm. These findings highlight the capability of the device for efficient photoconversion at specified wavelengths, indicating potential applications in sensing, imaging, and optical communication. The combination of structural, morphological, and optical characterizations highlights the suitability of 2D WSe2 nanostructure for practical optoelectronic applications, particularly in display technologies.

Enhanced Sensitivity of A549 Cells to Doxorubicin with WS2 and WSe2 Nanosheets via the Induction of Autophagy.

The excellent physicochemical properties of two-dimensional transition-metal dichalcogenides (2D TMDCs) such as WS2 and WSe2 provide potential benefits for biomedical applications, such as drug delivery, photothermal therapy, and bioimaging. WS2 and WSe2 have recently been used as chemosensitizers; however, the detailed molecular basis underlying WS2- and WSe2-induced sensitization remains elusive. Our recent findings showed that 2D TMDCs with different thicknesses and different element compositions induced autophagy in normal human bronchial epithelial cells and mouse alveolar macrophages at sublethal concentrations. Here, we explored the mechanism by which WS2 and WSe2 act as sensitizers to increase lung cancer cell susceptibility to chemotherapeutic agents. The results showed that WS2 and WSe2 enhanced autophagy flux in A549 lung cancer cells at sublethal concentrations without causing significant cell death. Through the autophagy-specific RT2 Profiler PCR Array, we identified the genes significantly affected by WS2 and WSe2 treatment. Furthermore, the key genes that play central roles in regulating autophagy were identified by constructing a molecular interaction network. A mechanism investigation uncovered that WS2 and WSe2 activated autophagy-related signaling pathways by interacting with different cell surface proteins or cytoplasmic proteins. By utilizing this mechanism, the efficacy of the chemotherapeutic agent doxorubicin was enhanced by WS2 and WSe2 pre-treatment in A549 lung cancer cells. This study revealed a feature of WS2 and WSe2 in cancer therapy, in which they eliminate the resistance of A549 lung cancer cells against doxorubicin, at least partially, by inducing autophagy.

Intrinsic and Strain-Dependent Properties of Suspended WSe2 Crystallites toward Next-Generation Nanoelectronics and Quantum-Enabled Sensors.

Two-dimensional (2D) layered materials exhibit great potential for high-performance electronics, where knowledge of their thermal and phononic properties is critical toward understanding heat dissipation mechanisms, considered to be a major bottleneck for current generation nanoelectronic, optoelectronic, and quantum-scale devices. In this work, noncontact Raman spectroscopy was used to analyze thermal properties of suspended 2D WSe2 membranes to access the intrinsic properties. Here, the influence of electron-phonon interactions within the parent crystalline WSe2 membranes was deciphered through a comparative analysis of extrinsic substrate-supported WSe2, where heat dissipation mechanisms are intimately tied to the underlying substrate. Moreover, the excitonic states in WSe2 were analyzed by using temperature-dependent photoluminescence spectroscopy, where an enhancement in intensity of the localized excitons in suspended WSe2 was evident. Finally, phononic and electronic properties in suspended WSe2 were examined through nanoscale local strain engineering, where a uniaxial force was induced on the membrane using a Au-coated cantilever within an atomic force microscope. Through the fundamental analysis provided here with temperature and strain-dependent phononic and optoelectronic properties in suspended WSe2 nanosheets, the findings will inform the design of next-generation energy-efficient, high-performance devices based on WSe2 and other 2D materials, including for quantum applications.

Wide-field imaging of active site distribution on semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenide nanosheets in electrocatalytic and photoelectrocatalytic processes.

Semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) nanosheets are promising materials for electrocatalysis and photoelectrocatalysis. However, the existing analytical approaches are inadequate at comprehensively describing the operation of narrow-bandgap semiconductors in these two processes. Furthermore, the distribution of the reactive sites on the electrode surface and the dynamic movement of carriers within these semiconductors during the reactions remain ambiguous. To plug these knowledge gaps, an in situ widefield imaging technique was devised in this study to investigate the electron distribution in different types of TMDs; notably, the method permits high-spatiotemporal-resolution analyses of electron-induced metal-ion reduction reactions in both electrocatalysis and photoelectrocatalysis. The findings revealed a unique complementary distribution of the active sites on WSe2 nanosheets during the two different cathodic processes. Our facile imaging approach can provide insightful information on the heterogeneous structure-property relationship at the electrochemical interfaces, facilitating the rational design of high-performance electrocatalytic/photoelectrocatalytic materials.

Lateral homojunctions of WSe2 through contact surface engineering with SF6 plasma etching

SF6 plasma etching was developed as a contact surface pre-treatment to achieve efficient n-doping in multilayer WSe2 nanosheets and build lateral homojunctions exhibiting superb photovoltaic properties and self-powered wide-spectrum photodetection.

2H-2M Phase Control of WSe2 Nanosheets by Se Enrichment Toward Enhanced Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution Reaction.

The phase control of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) is an intriguing approach for tuning the electronic structure toward extensive applications. In this study, WSe2 nanosheets synthesized via a colloidal reaction exhibit a phase conversion from semiconducting 2H to metallic 2M under Se-rich growth conditions (i.e., increasing the concentration of Se precursor or lowering the growth temperature). High-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy images are used to identify the stacking sequence of the 2M phase, which is distinctive from that of the 1T' phase. First-principles calculations employing various Se-rich models (intercalation and substitution) indicated that Se enrichment induces conversion to the 2M phase. The 2M phase WSe2 nanosheets with the Se excess exhibited enhanced electrocatalytic performance in the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). In situ X-ray absorption fine structure studies suggested that the excess Se atoms in the 2M phase WSe2 enhanced the HER catalytic activity, which is supported by the Gibbs free energy (ΔGH* ) of H adsorption and the Fermi abundance function. These results provide an appealing strategy for phase control of TMD catalysts.

Unravelling the trifunctional electrochemical properties of WSe2 nanosheets for self-powered hydrogen production

Two dimensional materials have received increasing recognition for their utility in electrochemical energy storage and conversion devices, as well as for self-powered systems. In this work, we are reporting the trifunctional electrochemical properties (such as energy-storage, hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER)) of WSe2 nanosheets (prepared by a solvothermal method) towards the development of a self-powered system for uninterrupted hydrogen (H2) production. First, we have examined the energy storage properties of the WSe2 nanosheets in the form of flexible solid-state supercapacitor (FSSC) that shows the presence of ion-intercalation pseudocapacitance in the WSe2 nanosheets. The fabricated WSe2 FSSC possess a high device capacitance, energy density, and power density with 119% capacitance retention over 5,000 cycles. Second, we explored the electrocatalytic properties of WSe2 nanosheets that indicated they possess effective HER and OER properties with low overpotential (115 mV for HER and 312 mV for OER), respectively. Finally, a proof-of-concept self-powered system comprising a solar cell, WSe2 FSSC, and lab-scale WSe2 electrolyzer (with a low overpotential of 1.604 V at 10 mA cm−2) was demonstrated to overcome the power fluctuation issues for effective and uninterrupted H2 production.

Cobalt-doped WSe2@conducting polymer nanostructures as bifunctional electrocatalysts for overall water splitting

Designing of high-performance, low-cost, and nonprecious metal-based bifunctional electrocatalysts is highly significant for the development of water splitting process and expanding the practical application of green hydrogen production. Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) with intrinsic physical and chemical properties have been considered potential catalytic materials for electrode fabrication. However, it has remained challenging to develop TMD catalysts that have bifunctional properties for overall water splitting. Herein, WSe2, as a typical representative of TMDs, was utilized to design electrocatalysts using polypyrrole (PPy) or polyaniline (PANI) as a conducting polymer (CP) and cobalt doping. A facile hydrothermal preparation of WSe2 in the presence of CP enabled the construction of cobalt-doped WSe2@CP electrocatalysts. Morphological analysis indicated that the CP played an important role as a conductive template to enhance the distribution of WSe2 nanosheets, leading to higher surface area. In addition, cobalt doping led to the formation of defect structures and boosted the electrocatalytic activities of the catalysts for oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Owing to the increased electrochemical surface area and defect structures, the cobalt-doped WSe2@CP nanostructures exhibited enhanced electrochemical properties for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and OER in an alkaline medium. The cobalt-doped WSe2@PANI modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) exhibited overpotentials down to 308 and 360 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm−2 for the HER and OER, respectively. Furthermore, the cobalt-doped WSe2@CP electrocatalysts demonstrated long-term stability and continuous cycling. More importantly, the Co–WSe2@PANI electrolyzer required cell voltage of 1.87 V at a current density of 10 mA cm−2 for overall water splitting process. This work provides new findings for designing efficient bifunctional electrocatalysts utilizing TMD materials and conducting polymers.

Gum Arabic-mediated liquid exfoliation of transition metal dichalcogenides as photothermic anti-breast cancer candidates

Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have gained considerable attention for a broad range of applications, including cancer therapy. Production of TMD nanosheets using liquid exfoliation provides an inexpensive and facile route to achieve high yields. In this study, we developed TMD nanosheets using gum arabic as an exfoliating and stabilizing agent. Different types of TMDs, including MoS2, WS2, MoSe2, and WSe2 nanosheets, were produced using gum arabic and were characterized physicochemically. The developed gum arabic TMD nanosheets exhibited a remarkable photothermal absorption capacity in the near-infrared (NIR) region (808 nm and 1 W⋅cm−2). The drug doxorubicin was loaded on the gum arabic–MoSe2 nanosheets (Dox–G–MoSe2), and the anticancer activity was evaluated using MDA-MB-231 cells and a water-soluble tetrazolium salt (WST-1) assay, live and dead cell assays, and flow cytometry. Dox–G–MoSe2 significantly inhibited MDA-MB-231 cancer cell proliferation under the illumination of an NIR laser at 808 nm. These results indicate that Dox-G-MoSe2 is a potentially valuable biomaterial for breast cancer therapy.

Improved Charge Transfer for NO2 Gas Sensors by Using 0D SnS Quantum Dot/2D WSe2 Heterostructures

A highly sensitive array of two-dimensional (2D) WSe2 nanosheets integrated with zero-dimensional (0D) SnS quantum dots was synthesized by combining liquid-phase exfoliation and wet chemical synthesis methods. The characterization results of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) revealed the formation of WSe2/SnS heterostructures, which enable a cyclic and reproducible high gas sensing response. The role allocation of SnS on WSe2 was verified by using density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The result indicates that the top alignment of SnS and the bottom layer of WSe2 act as a gas adsorption layer and carrier conduction layer, respectively. The charge interactions of the heterostructures were systematically explored by monitoring changes in the transferred characteristics at room temperature (27 °C) after introducing 25–100 ppb NO2. The highest sensing response of WSe2/SnS heterostructures toward the NO2 gas was found to be 1.08 at 25 ppb with a LOD of 10.6 ppb. The experimental and simulation results revealed that the charge transfer across the active sites increased after incorporating SnS in the WSe2. The sensing results showed an abrupt and reliable gas response under periodic NO2 gas injection unambiguously achieved by such heterostructures. The sensor also exhibited satisfactory stability and accuracy in selectivity and is not affected by humidity at room temperature. DFT calculations were also used to explain the sensing mechanism and heterojunction for such nanocomposites.

Room-Temperature NO2 Sensing of CVD-Modified WS2–WSe2 Heterojunctions

Two-dimensional (2D) semiconducting heterojunction chemical sensors are in high demand because of their enhanced response, stability, and selectivity. However, fine-tuning heterojunctions using vapor deposition growth still needs further research. Our present study focuses on the ambient pressure chemical vapor deposition (CVD) synthesis of hexagonal tungsten sulfide-tungsten selenide (WS2–WSe2) p–p heterojunctions (as a 2D–2D arrangement). We use the liquid-phase exfoliation method to disperse bulk WS2 and WSe2 and decorate large flakes of WS2 with smaller WSe2 nanosheets in CVD. Electron microscopy and related surface investigations reveal their homogeneity on drop-casting. Two drops from the exfoliated heterojunction dispersion were drop-cast on a transducer to study the NO2 response and related sensing properties. The sensor showed long-term stability (>2 months), even at high humidity levels (40–90%). The gas-sensing properties of this layered p–p heterojunction-based nanocomposite strongly suggest an affinity toward NO2 gas, leading to improved response, high stability, independent of humidity effects, and high selectivity.

Facile microwave plasma driven 3D-WSe2 2H-1T phase modulation for improving NO2 gas sensing performance

In recent years, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have been widely used for gas sensors. Here, three-dimensional (3D) WSe2 nanosheet arrays were surface treated by microwave plasma. Based on the original 3D structure, a 1T/2H hybrid phase structure was constructed by phase modulation, and Se vacancies were introduced to effectively improve its gas sensing performance. After only 60 s of treatment, the response (52.24 %), response/recovery time of the sample for 1 ppm NO2 were significantly improved with excellent stability and selectivity at room temperature. The intrinsic mechanism of its performance enhancement was elicited through various characterizations and molecular model construction. It is demonstrated that microwave plasma is a promising treatment method to improve the gas-sensitive performance of TMDs.

Dual-cathode plasma-induced exfoliated WSe2/graphene nanosheet composite mediating an efficient hydrogen evolution reaction

With the goal of obtaining a sustainable earth-abundant electrocatalyst that displays high performance in the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), herein we describe a new electrochemical process for the simultaneous dual-cathodic plasma-induced exfoliations of two different bulk materials—graphite and WSe2—into two-dimensional (2D) nanosheets for the fabrication of a homogeneous composite. Using this approach, we produced unique structures of graphene nanosheet-engulfed ultrathin WSe2 nanosheets (WSe2@GN), stabilized through van der Waals and π–π interactions between the WSe2 and GNs, possessing various morphologies and featuring large edge and defect densities on the basal plane of the GNs—potential active sites for HER catalysis. This synthesis of WSe2@GN structures not only increased the number of active sites in the semiconducting WSe2 nanosheets but also enhanced their conductivity. Our dual-cathode plasma produced WSe2@GN nanosheet composites exhibited high HER performance, characterized by a low overpotential of 106 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm–2, a Tafel slope of 66 mV dec–1, and long-term stability in 0.5 M H2SO4 (80% activity retention after >48 h); these performance metrics were much better than those of the corresponding WSe2/GN composite, prepared through two sequential single-cathode electrochemical plasma exfoliation and mixed together (233 mV, 111 mV dec–1), and are among the best ever reported for a composite involving WSe2 and GNs, prepared through simultaneous exfoliation at a low temperature and over a short period of time, for the HER. This in situ dual-plasma-exfoliation synthetic approach allows the effective production of homogeneous 2D/2D heterostructures with great potential for various energy-related applications, while being an effective and simple strategy for tuning the morphologies of composites of graphene and transition metal dichalcogenide materials for a broad range of energy applications.

Preparation of reduced graphene oxide decorated two-dimensional WSe2 nanosheet sensor for efficient detection of ethanol gas

Preparation of reduced graphene oxide decorated two-dimensional WSe2 nanosheet sensor for efficient detection of ethanol gas