Wrong Word Research Articles

ANALISIS KESALAHAN KALIMAT BAHASA INDONESIA PADA BERITA TRIBUN-TIMUR.COM

This research is a qualitative research that aims to describe Indonesian sentence pattern errors, Indonesian diction errors in online media news Tribun-Timur.com. The data in the research are news sentences containing Indonesian sentence pattern errors and Indonesian diction errors. The data source of this research is news published by Tribun-Timur.com online media published in its portal in the period August to November 2023. The results of this study show that: Indonesian sentence pattern errors on Tribun-Timur.com news, including Subject Errors, namely subject errors that do not match the number, wrong word selection, grammatical conformity errors; Predicate Errors in Tribun-Timur. Object Errors, which are discrepancies between the subject and predicate in a sentence; Object Errors, which are discrepancies in the type of nouns, discrepancies in the number of nouns, discrepancies in the use of object pronouns, and discrepancies in prepositions; Description Errors, which are discrepancies in time, discrepancies in place, discrepancies in manner, discrepancies in intensity level, and discrepancies in order; Complementary errors, namely mismatch of complement type, mismatch of complement number, mismatch of conjunction, mismatch of complement meaning, and mismatch of complement phrase; and Indonesian diction errors on Tribun-Timur. com news, namely the use of words that are not in accordance with the value of taste, the use of words through language styles that create nuances of negative ideas, and the use of words that cause ambiguity.

Self-Repair in Tigrinya: Trouble Sources, Mechanisms and Solutions

This paper analyzes conversational self-repair, which refers to reconstructing problematic portions of a prior oral discourse by oneself, in Tigrinya. Tigrinya is a Northern Ethio-Eritrean-Semitic language spoken by the inhabitants of the Tigray regional state of Ethiopia and Eritrea. This article relies on recorded oral data from speakers of the Rayya Tigrinya variety, particularly inhabitants of Neksege located to the West of Maichew. A conversational analysis (CA) approach is used to analyze the trouble sources, mechanisms (initiators), and results of self-repair. The article shows that pronunciation problems emanating from dialectal variation or tongue slip, wrong word order including focus misplacement, missing constituents, perceived misunderstandings, and using (totally) wrong constituents are some of the trouble sources that push speakers to repair portions of a prior oral utterance. On top of that, cut-offs, particles, and lexemes (one verbal noun and some predicates) are identified as self-repair initiators. Though cut-offs do not indicate a self-repair, particles and predicates may sometimes indicate a self-repair. Finally, the article posits that expanding, replacing, re-ordering, aborting and restarting, and inserting are some of the solutions set for the repairable segments in the repaired portions of the oral discourse. The author recommends for further investigation repair in the process of language acquisition and learning, and the relationship between self-repair and the demographic features of participants.

“Distress is probably the wrong word”: exploring uncertainty and ambivalence in non-clinical voice-hearing and the psychosis continuum

ABSTRACT Background Non-clinical voice-hearers (NCVHs) have been the subject of a growing body of psychological research, a primary aim of which is the development of new therapeutic techniques to support those who struggle with voice-hearing. However, relatively little research has examined non-clinical voice-hearing experiences beyond their relationship with clinical voice-hearing. Methods The present study consists of a qualitative re-analysis of 17 semi-structured interviews conducted as part of an NCVH neuroimaging study which included items from the Psychotic Symptoms Rating Scale (PSYRATS) and Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). Results were generated using thematic analysis. Results Analysis of interview responses showed that participants often experience negative voice content and negative emotion, but have frameworks which normalize a range of voice-hearing experiences. Participants also reported experiences which are not captured by standard clinical scales, as well as reporting comfort with uncertainty and ambiguity surrounding voices. Discussion These results indicate that much of the experience of NCVHs may be missed by clinical measures and concepts, suggesting a need to approach them in ways that go beyond typical understandings of the psychosis continuum.

Lateral prefrontal cortex controls interplay between working memory and actions.

Humans must often keep multiple task goals in mind, at different levels of priority and immediacy, while also interacting with the environment. We might need to remember information for an upcoming task while engaged in more immediate actions. Consequently, actively maintained working memory (WM) content may bleed into ongoing but unrelated motor behavior. Here, we experimentally test the impact of WM maintenance on action execution, and we transcranially stimulate lateral prefrontal cortex (PFC) to parse its functional contributions to WM-motor interactions. We first created a task scenario wherein human participants (both sexes) executed cued hand movements during WM maintenance. We manipulated the compatibility between WM and movement goals at the trial level and the statistical likelihood that the two would be compatible at the block level. We found that remembering directional words (e.g., 'left', 'down') biased the trajectory and speed of hand movements that occurred during the WM delay, but the bias was dampened in blocks when WM content predictably conflicted with movement goals. Then we targeted left lateral PFC with two different transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) protocols before participants completed the task. We found that an intermittent theta-burst protocol, which is thought to be excitatory, dampened sensitivity to block-level control demands (i.e., proactive control), while a continuous theta-burst protocol, which is thought to be inhibitory, dampened adaptation to trial-by-trial conflict (i.e., reactive control). Therefore, lateral PFC is involved in controlling the interplay between WM content and manual action, but different PFC mechanisms may support different time-scales of adaptive control.

Reading Comprehension Difficulties on English Descriptive Text

Research aims were knowing about reading comprehending of reading difficulties on English text and the solutions. It was focus on five reading aspects in comprehending, they were main idea, topic sentence, vocabulary, inference, and referent. This research was a library approach with descriptive qualitative method. Research subject was relevant literatures sources and data on the same issue to reading comprehension difficulties on English text. the research show that learners have problematic in analyzing main point in every paragraph, confused in finding topic sentence, wrong words meaning matching, confused in making inference, could not finding inference in the reading text. From five aspects, the most difficult aspect was identifying main idea and vocabulary understanding because sometime it wrote implicitly. Solving this trouble, as the teachers, it was very important to teach the students using various reading strategies, and various types of reading text. for the students, they need to do more reading practice than before, as many as experiences and background knowledge in reading text, it was very useful to help them in comprehending English reading text. Students also must use reading strategy while reading the text, using dictionary or ask the teacher about unfamiliar words. Keywords: Difficulties; English Text; Reading Comprehension;.

Show, tell and rectify: Boost image caption generation via an output rectifier

Transformer-based models have excellent performance in capturing the interactions between textual and visual features. However, language bias remains a thorny problem in the image captioning domain, leading to the inconsistency between the generated sentences and the actual images. Existing models focus on preventing the wrong words from being output, with little attention to how to correct them. The problem is that if the current word has not yet been output, the model cannot accurately determine whether it is correct. To address this issue, a Double Decoding Transformer framework is proposed. First, a Rectifier is introduced to correct the output sentences in the absence of a language pre-trained module. In addition, visual features provide powerful guidance for attention distribution and redistribution in the Decoder and the Rectifier of the proposed framework, respectively. Due to the presence of downsampling, information loss in the visual feature extraction process is inevitable. Therefore, a Visual Feature Compensation (VFC) module is proposed to compensate for the loss of visual information as much as possible. Finally, by integrating these two modules into a transformer-based framework, a Double Decoding Transformer – D2 Transformer is built. Extensive experiments on the MSCOCO dataset with the “Karpathy” test set demonstrate the validity of the proposed model.

영유아 교사의 미디어 영향과 미디어 교육에 대한 인식

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to discover the media influence and perception of media education for infants and toddlers. Research questions for this were set as infant teachers' perception of media and infant teachers' perception of media education.
 Methods: For this study, a preliminary survey was conducted after composing a questionnaire through related prior research and literature analysis. This survey was conducted by wireless sampling infant teachers working in educational fields in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province and distributing data face-to-face and non-face-to-face from September 28, 2022, to October 31, 2022. A total of 290 copies of data were collected, but 268 copies of data were finally selected excluding twenty-two copies of unfaithful responses. For the collected data, frequency analysis, mean, standard deviation, skewness, and kurtosis were calculated according to the research questions using SPSS 29.0.
 Results: When the research results were presented according to the research questions, first, the media was recognized as affecting infants and toddlers. The biggest positive influence was the convenient acquisition of information and knowledge to solve questions in infancy when curiosity was high, and the biggest negative influence was to imitate the wrong actions and words of characters appearing in the media. In addition, among various media, digital media had an enormous influence and print media such as newspapers and magazines were recognized as having little influence. Second, there was a need for media education for infants and toddlers, and the leader of media education was recognized as a teacher. In addition, it was recognized that the most important goal of media education is to cultivate the habit of responsible and safe use of media.
 Conclusion: In conclusion, infant and toddler teachers should be able to use media in terms of education in consideration of its positive and negative influences. In addition, it is required that media education programs for infants and toddlers in development should reflect changes in the digital media environment, and it is necessary to cultivate teachers' capacity for media education through educational training for teachers.

Voice Quality Monitoring in Dementia Households

AbstractBackgroundVoice disorders are common in People Living with Dementia (PLwD) and a decrease in voice quality can be an indicator of cognitive deterioration. Previous computational works have successfully employed voice to detect or predict dementia. Voice quality can be assessed by a speech therapist, or computationally when subjects periodically repeat the same sentences. There is, however, to our knowledge, no research on monitoring voice to track dementia progress from unconstrained data collected in the wild.MethodIn this work, we employ a dataset containing audio recordings of 14 households (a carer, a PLwD and visitors) interacting with Alexa. We identify several voice features, such as speech rate and OpenSmile features that differ between healthy users and PLwD. We create a voice footprint for each PLwD using a Gaussian distribution and identify audio recordings that significantly differ from this baseline over time by combining Expectation‐Minimisation and Mahalanolis distance outliers detection.ResultThe voice features selected are significantly different between our two user groups (p‐value < 0.0001). Training a classifier on those features, allows us to identify healthy subjects and PLwD with over 90% accuracy. We are also able to quality how much the voice differs from its baseline over time.ConclusionWhile we can computationally identify voice variations that are out the ordinary, in the future, we will compare our results to a clinical assessment of voice quality. We will also integrate a semantics analysis to identify grammar errors or the use of wrong words. This will allow us to design an objective index measure for monitoring of speech quality.

Editorial: Wokeness in Education

Over the last few decades, students in secondary and higher education have become increasingly vocal about expressions of racism, sexism, heteronormativity, colonialism and other mentalities tied to inequalities in power. These forms of concern with social injustice, especially in its creeping, veiled or hidden forms, are often summarized under the heading of ‘wokeness’. Lately, the ‘woke movement’ has been faced with fierce critique and is often casted in the role of a language police, leading others, for fear of saying the wrong things or using the wrong words, to keep their mouths shut. But what if these tensions are not an expression of the closure of an argument, but rather a sign that something is beginning to open up? Do we need to move/work through these tensions in order to foster free debate in educational settings?

An enhanced method for dialect transcription via error‐correcting thesaurus

AbstractAutomatic speech recognition (ASR) has been widely used in the field of customer service, but the performance of general ASR in dialect transcription is not satisfactory, especially in Guangdong Province. Targeted training of ASR transcription engine will produce effect, but the training cost is high, and it is not suitable for small‐scale training with multiple dialects and frequencies. The complaint problems in the customer service field have obvious clustering and are suitable for few‐shot and multi‐frequency training. In view of this, in the actual engineering application, the method of ASR transcribed into the dialect error correction thesaurus is tried to be used to replace the wrong words, and have achieved good results. The optimization technology after automatic speech transcription proposed in this study can improve the recognition accuracy of general ASR by 13.75% for dialect words.

The Effect Of Mingle Night Habituation On Improving Students’ Speaking Skills At Bestone Education English Course

The objective of this study is to find out how the effect of habituation of Mingle Night program in improving students' English speaking ability at BestOne Education English Course. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative research design. The data collection methods used were observation, interview, and documentation. The participants in this study amounted to 15 students at the BesOne Education course. The results of this study show that the impact of the Mingle Night program can increase students' vocabulary and improve students' English speaking skills. In addition, the Mingle Night program can also increase self-confidence and build mental in speaking in front of many people. This Mingle Night program is also different from other programs that students have encountered because in Mingle Night students can be free in speaking and having opinions without fear of the wrong word structure. In conclusion, the Mingle Night program at BestOne Education is considered effective in improving students' speaking skills. In addition, tutor assistance and support also greatly affect the effectiveness of this Mingle Night program.

These Students Can’t Write: An Examination of Cohesion and Coherence in Essays Written by the University of Botswana ESL Undergraduate Students

University lecturers in English as a Second Language (ESL) contexts are generally concerned about their students’ writing incompetence. Similarly, at the University of Botswana (UB) lecturers are usually heard saying that “these students cannot write”. Previous research attributes problems of writing to, among others, students’ lack of mastery of academic writing conventions, inability to analyse topics, and poor sentence skills. These problems undoubtedly contribute to the lack of cohesion and coherence in the students’ written essays. The focus of this study, therefore, was to investigate the cohesion and coherence of the essays written by the UB first year undergraduate Social Sciences students by specifically: a) Investigating the type of cohesive devices used in the essays. b) Identifying the problems of cohesion in the essays. c) Examining the coherence problems in the essays. d) Identifying other writing problems in the students’ essays. The terms cohesion and coherence in the context of this study briefly refer to the linguistic, organizational and semantic connectedness, readability, meaningfulness and relevance of a text or essay as perceived by the authors of this study who are experts in this field. A mixed research design of analyzing the essays and orally interviewing the students was adopted in this study to identify the cohesive devices used in them. The findings of this study were informed by Halliday and Hassan’s (1976) taxonomy of cohesive devices and their framework. The findings revealed that conjunctions and reference were used more frequently than substitution, vocabulary, and ellipsis. Other writing problems identified in the essays include the use of informal language, overlong sentences, redundancy, run-on sentences, fused sentences, comma splices, sentence fragments, awkward and/or meaningless sentences, and use of wrong words.

Algoritma Stemming Teks Bahasa Batak Angkola Berbasis Aturan Tata Bahasa

The Angkola Batak language is a variety of Batak languages, to be precise in the southern Tapanuli area, which is still used and maintained as an everyday language. Until now, the resources of the Angkola Batak language are not yet available in digital form that can be used by researchers in the analytical stages of human natural language processing. Natural language processing (NLP Taks) for the Angkola Batak language must follow the stages of text processing starting from tokenization, lexical analysis, syntax, semantics, and phragmatics. This study conducted natural language processing in the first stage, namely lexical analysis. At the lexical analysis stage, one of the most important NLP tasks is stemming. Stemming is the process of determining root words from affixed words. In this research, an analysis and design of the Angkola Batak stemming algorithm have been carried out based on grammar rules. The stages in this research are starting from collecting the grammar rules of the Angkola Batak language, collecting basic words in the Angkola Batak language as a database dictionary, and removing affixes from root words. The output of this research is the stemmer of the Angkola Batak language in the form of PHP. Based on tests conducted on 450 words originating from the Batak Angkola folklore, 448 test words were correct (99.56%) and 2 test words were wrong (0.44%). The wrong test word is obtained because the root word is not found in the dictionary.

Factor Analysis of Students Difficulty in Early Reading at Elementary School

This study aims to analyze the factors that influence students' difficulty in reading the beginning by taking the object of research at Suko 1 Sidoarjo State Elementary School. While the type of research selected is a case study with 2 subjects. Data was collected through observation, interview, and documentation techniques. Then analyzed using the interactive analysis of the Miles model, namely data condensation, data presentation, drawing conclusions, and data verification. Test the validity of the data using triangulation techniques. The results showed that early reading difficulties were related to omitting words, replacing words, letters, stammering spelling, pronouncing wrong words, and pronouncing patent letters. These difficulties are influenced by four internal factors, namely daily activities, understanding of the material, psychological conditions, and learning motivation. External factors that affect learning difficulties in early reading are the role of the teacher and the family environment.

Not Graffiti, but Style-Writing: The (Un)worlding of New York’s Street Networks and the (Re)worlding of the Three Train Yard

How might a city know its people? And, how might people know their city, as their self or as their other? Each numerical edifice of course erases the knowability of some, to render the knowability of others. This essay examines the long-term effects of mid-century development strategies in New York City, specifically the ways in which urban planners used forced relocation practices, and the ways in which these practices led to urban decay. Here we will see that the city’s strategic, and often disingenuous, use of data led to the disappearance of city inhabitants from the city’s archives. With these strategies in mind, this essay outlines the ways in which city governance procedures functioned in aesthetic terms, rendering the city’s grid as an ethereal medium ready for remaking. These development practices led to a catastrophic decay of social networks. Most notably perhaps, we find the disappearance and reappearance of entire city streets from both the physical reality of urban space and also the archives of the city, here the metropolitan government lost control of that grid when urban decay encroached too strongly. We find that world and map-making succumb to their own discontents, as the source of that urban decay can be seen to be sourced from the urban development practices. Yet, for all these de-worldings and decays, the life of New York emerges, this time from the subway tunnels neglected by the metropolitan government. The artist Phase II teaches us that the word “graffiti” is the wrong word for the aesthetics that animated the world of the street’s grid, and transformed the possible use of the subway, to now serve as a communication device, rather than only one of transportation. This aesthetics was not a deleterious scrawl, but self-identified by the artists as “Style-Writing”. We will see that the subway network in fact functioned as an opportunity for young people to grow robust cultural connections, connections which often crossed the segregating boundaries established by mid-century urban development. Quite different from the perception of subway art as a signal of the city’s vicissitudes, here we find that Style-Writing became a key tool for the social efforts of young people seeking to reconstruct an urban world. Specifically, we will turn to the work of Skeme and his artist crews, such as the Three Yard Boys, at Lenox subway station.

Paragraph Structures

Bad writers write badly for 2 simple reasons: they choose the wrong words and put them in the wrong order. As a result, they write bad sentences. Then, they usually put those bad sentences in an order that makes no sense. A good writer writes good sentences and puts them in a meaningful order, so that the writer’s ideas flow smoothly from the page into the reader’s mind (see Key Points). Good writers also break up their text into manageable chunks, called paragraphs. Writing guides often tell you to use the paragraph as the unit of composition. Each paragraph can focus on a particular topic or idea. The break between paragraphs gives readers a chance to rest, to think about what they have just read. The break also alerts the reader that there may be some shift of focus.

A Chinese Named Entity Recognition Method Based on ERNIE-BiLSTM-CRF for Food Safety Domain

Food safety is closely related to human health. Therefore, named entity recognition technology is used to extract named entities related to food safety, and building a regulatory knowledge graph in the field of food safety can help relevant authorities to regulate food safety issues and mitigate the hazards caused by food safety problems. However, there is no publicly available named entity recognition dataset in the food safety domain. In contrast, the non-standardized Chinese short texts generated from user comments on the web contain rich implicit information that can help identify named entities in specific domains (e.g., food safety domain) where the corpus is scarce. Therefore, in this paper, named entities related to food safety are extracted from these unstandardized texts on the web. However, the existing Chinese named entity identification methods are mainly for standardized texts. Meanwhile, these unstandardized texts have the following problems: (1) their corpus size is small; (2) there are various new and wrong words and noise; (3) and they do not follow strict syntactic rules. These problems make the recognition of Chinese named entities for online texts more challenging. Therefore, this paper proposes the ERNIE-Adv-BiLSTM-Att-CRF model to improve the recognition of food safety domain entities in unstandardized texts. Specifically, adversarial training is added to the model training as a regularization method to alleviate the influence of noise on the model, while self-attention is added to the BiLSTM-CRF model to capture features that significant impact entity classification and improve the accuracy of entity classification. This paper conducts experiments on the public dataset Weibo NER and the self-built food domain dataset Food. The experimental results show that our model achieves a SOTA performance of 72.64% and a good performance of 69.68% for F1 values on the public and self-built datasets, respectively. The validity and reasonableness of our model are verified. In addition, the paper further analyses the impact of various components and settings on the model. The study has practical implications in the field of food safety.

The Effect of Poetry Reading Studies Based on Reading Strategies on Reading Fluent Skills

The aim of this study; The aim of this study is to examine the effects of poetry reading activities based on repetitive reading, model reading and resonant reading strategies on primary school students' reading levels, reading speeds and reading errors. For this purpose, the research was designed according to the pre-test-post-test trial model, which is one of the semi-experimental designs. The study group of the research consists of 68 primary school first grade students determined according to the criterion sampling method. Error Analysis Inventory was used as a data collection tool in the research. Analyzes were made using descriptive statistics, dependent T-Test and Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test based on the number of misread words, percentage of correct reading and reading speed. According to the results of the analysis, it was determined that the number of wrong reading words of primary school first grade students who are at the education level decreased, and their reading level and speed increased. 55% of the students at the education level started to read at the free reading level. It was determined that the number of misreading words decreased and the reading level and speed increased in the first grade primary school students at the anxiety level. 30.40% of the students at the anxiety level started reading at the free reading level, and 47.82% at the education level. It was observed that there was a mathematical increase in the reading levels of the students with the remaining anxiety level.

Language matters: The importance of person‐first language and an introduction to the People First Charter

Language matters: The importance of person‐first language and an introduction to the People First Charter

Importance of CLT in teaching vocabulary to adult learners

The communicative idea is highlighted by Communicative Language Teaching (CLT), which began in the 1970s. Communication is frequently hampered by lexical issues; communication fails when people use the wrong words. The ability to communicate is the ultimate goal of language learning. The purpose of this article is to clarify the value and necessity of the CLT application in teaching English vocabulary to adult learners. The goal of this study is to identify how the Communicative Language Teaching approach is employed in English classes as well as the methods and tools that teachers use to help their students develop their vocabulary skills. The participants are 10 pre-intermediate level students. In this investigation, a mixed method approach was used: a questionnaire and class activities were done to gather the data. It is crucial to emphasize that a range of tactics, in addition to those already described, can be used to give students more chances to use the language verbally in class. To help students develop their oral skills, teachers often offer other forms of feedback, such as elicitation and metalinguistic feedback.