Wound Care Management Research Articles

Bovine Based Collagen Dressings in Wound Care Management

Collagen plays a significant role in treating acute and chronic wounds such as cuts, burns, ulcers associated with other illness via enhancing the debridement of infected tissues, angiogenesis and promoting natural growth. There are several types of collagen, which can be obtained from various animal sources such as chicken, bovine, porcine, fish etc. Among that bovine based collagen contributed many shares towards biomedical application. Nowadays using bovine based collagen biomaterials for wound care is in trend to minimize the negative impacts such as infection, pain and other side effects. However, its applicable and effectiveness are not fully revealed. At the same time, clinicians and researchers are exploring and implementing advanced techniques and treatment procedures to reduce the wound healing burden effectively. In this review, we aimed to focus on the fundamental information about types of wound dressings, collagen dressings and the clinical utility of bovine based collagen dressings in providing essential knowledge in advanced wound care management.

Sutureless Abdominal Closure in twin gastroschisis

Gastroschisis is the most common congenital abdominal wall defect and the incidence of gastroschisis is increasing globally. Twin gastroschisis remains an extremely rare phenomenon. We present a case of premature dizygotic twins with simple gastroschisis born at 33 weeks and 3 days gestation. Both twins underwent primary reduction and sutureless closure using the umbilical cord remnant. We describe our technique for sutureless closure and subsequent wound care management. Neither twin required general anesthesia, intubation, mechanical ventilation, or antibiotics as a direct result of their gastroschisis management, and both twins had swift progression to full oral feeds by day of life 25 and 29. They have both had good cosmetic results with small umbilical hernias. This case report highlights a rare twin pairing of a common congenital anomaly and underlines the benefits of the sutureless closure technique.

Establishing a written advice sheet to patients consulting for wound to emergency ward improves postemergency care.

OBJECTIVES: Sutures require follow-up visits for favorable evolution. To improve postemergency wound care, we decided to include a standardized advice sheet for patients based on current recommendations. The objective is to assess its effectiveness on outpatients' compliance after being discharged from the emergency department (ED).METHODS: We performed a prospective, pre–post design trial in an ED of a teaching hospital. We included for two consecutive months all patients aged ≥16 years old and consulting for wounds that needed suturing, and we excluded chronic wounds, burns, and hand wounds since they all need special care. During the 1st month, all patients received during ED visit usual verbal instructions concerning the postemergency care (Group A). During the 2nd month, all patients received usual verbal instructions and a standardized written advice sheet that detailed postemergency wound care (Group B). We organized telephone follow-up after the suture removal date and asked about dressing changes, appearance of infection signs, and respect of suture removal date. We compared patients;' characteristics in the two groups and performed a multivariable logistic regression using compliance to discharge instructions as our endpoint.RESULTS: For 2 months, 509 patients consulted for wounds. 119 (23.4%) patients were included in the study and followed. Baseline characteristics of patients did not differ between the two groups. Patients who received the advice sheet (Group B) had a better compliance in postemergency care (91.7% vs. 72.9%; P = 0.01). Moreover, there were significantly less dressing changes in Group B than in Group A (5.3 [2.2] vs. 12.9 [7.7]; P < 0.01) and suture removal date was more in agreement with recommendations in Group B (83.9% vs. 66.7%; P = 0.03). Occurrence of infection was not significantly different between groups (9.7% vs. 13.7%; P = 0.37).CONCLUSION: For the management of wound care, discharge hospital process including a written advice sheet improves outpatients' compliance and postemergency care.

Penggunaan Terapi Komplementer dalam Modern Wound Dressing pada Pasien dengan Luka Diabetes: Literature Review

Introduction: The number of diabetes mellitus sufferers with diabetic ulcus continues to increase. Wound care using conventional methods is no longer effective. Selection of the right wound care can effectively improve wound healing and reduce the financial burden on serving the clientst. The aim of this literature review was to explore the efficacy of wound healing with modern wound care management in diabetic ulcers. Methods: A literature search using the Google Scholar database, Springer Link, Clinical Key, Pubmed and Proquest found 20 journal articles that match the criteria. Results: The majority of research results show the effectiveness of using modern clothing to heal diabetic wounds. Conclusion: Modern wound care dressings with the addition of complementary therapies have shown a more significant effect in accelerating diabetic wound healing.

COCAINE OR YOUR LIMBS?

SESSION TITLE: Medical Student/Resident Critical Care Posters SESSION TYPE: Med Student/Res Case Rep Postr PRESENTED ON: October 18-21, 2020 INTRODUCTION: Cocaine adulterated with levamisole has become more prevalent increasing for the last twenty years. Vasculitis induced by levimasole has been increasing in prevalence. We present a case of a 51-year-old male with known cocaine abuse who presented with recurrent large purpuric lesions on face, arms, and legs that required aggressive surgical debridement. CASE PRESENTATION: 51-year-old male with history of cocaine abuse was admitted for hemoptysis. He had purpuric lesions of bilateral cheeks, left ear, right upper extremity, and bilateral lower extremities upon admission. He had a similar illness two years before, but the lesions were limited to bilateral upper extremities. He required skin grafting of bilateral forearms and shoulders at that time. He developed worsening purpuric lesions of cheeks, upper extremities which blistered and necrosed in a very short period of time. His lower extremity purpuric lesions extended from the ankles to mid-thigh bilaterally. His urine drug screen was positive for cocaine only and his ANA was positive. Rheumatoid factor, ESR, CRP were elevated. Complement 3 levels were decreased but the remainder of the autoimmune evaluation was negative. CBC with differential showed leukopenia with ANC 1322. Skin biopsy was consistent with levamisole induced vasculitis. He was begun on Prednisone with a very slow taper. He subsequently noted improvement of skin lesions and was discharged with wound care management. He returned one month later with worsening purpuric lesions, he again tested positive for cocaine, diagnosed with necrotizing vasculitis and then required debridement of the lower extremities with multiple skin grafts. DISCUSSION: Cocaine adulterated with levamisole is becoming an increasing problem in the United States with more than 70% of cocaine testing positive for levamisole leading to increased case reports of Levamisole induced vasculitis. This diagnosis should be suspected in a patient who is uses cocaine presents with purpuric rash or skin necrosis with associated agranulocytosis, neutropenia, and positive ANA or ANCA. CONCLUSIONS: Cocaine using patients who present with purpuric lesion or skin necrosis should have a high index of suspicion for levamisole associated vasculitis, prompt treatment with steroids and wound care is required to prevent loss of limbs. Reference #1: Souied O, Baydoun H, Ghandour Z, Mobarakai N. Levamisole-contaminated cocaine: an emergent cause of vasculitis and skin necrosis. Case Rep Med. 2014;2014:434717. Reference #2: Jin Q, Kant S, Alhariri J, Geetha D. Levamisole adulterated cocaine associated ANCA vasculitis: review of literature and update on pathogenesis. J Community Hosp Intern Med Perspect. 2018;8(6):339–344. Published 2018 Dec 11. DISCLOSURES: No relevant relationships by Haneen Mallah, source=Web Response No relevant relationships by Brandon Rogers, source=Web Response No relevant relationships by Jasmine Sekhon, source=Web Response No relevant relationships by Divya Vangipuram, source=Web Response

Smart bandage with integrated multifunctional sensors based on MXene-functionalized porous graphene scaffold for chronic wound care management

Three-dimensional (3D) porous laser-guided graphene (LGG) electrodes on elastomeric substrates are of great significance for developing flexible functional electronics. However, the high sheet resistance and poor mechanical properties of LGG sheets obstruct their full exploitation as electrode materials. Herein, we applied 2D MXene nanosheets to functionalize 3D LGG sheets via a C–O–Ti covalent crosslink to obtain an LGG-MXene hybrid scaffold exhibited high conductivity and improved electrochemistry with fast heterogeneous electron transfer (HET) rate due to the synergistic effect between LGG and MXene. Then we transferred the obtained hybrid scaffold onto PDMS to engineer a smart, flexible, and stretchable multifunctional sensors-integrated wound bandage capable of assessing uric acid (UA), pH, and temperature at the wound site. The integrated UA sensor exhibited a rapid response toward UA in an extended wide range of 50–1200 μM with a high sensitivity of 422.5 μA mM−1 cm−2 and an ultralow detection limit of 50 μM. Additionally, the pH sensor demonstrated a linear Nernstian response (R2 = 0.998) with a high sensitivity of −57.03 mV pH−1 in the wound relevant pH range of 4–9. The temperature sensor exhibited a fast and stable linear resistive response to the temperature variations in the physiological range of 25–50 °C with an excellent sensitivity and correlation coefficient of 0.09% ⁰C−1 and 0.999, respectively. We anticipate that this stretchable and flexible smart bandage could revolutionize wound care management and have profound impacts on the therapeutic outcomes.

Demanding New Honey Qualitative Standard Based on Antibacterial Activity.

Honey is a functional food with health-beneficial properties and it is already used as a medical device in wound care management. Whether ingested orally or applied topically, honey must fulfill the requirements of international standards based on physicochemical characteristics. However, there is an urgent need for some additional standards reflecting biological properties. The aim of the study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of 36 commercial honey samples purchased from supermarkets and local food shops and compare their efficacy to that of three honey samples from local beekeepers and three types of medical-grade honey. Furthermore, the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content and protein profile were assessed in all honey samples. Analysis of the antibacterial activity of commercial honeys revealed that 44% of tested samples exhibited low antibacterial activity, identical to the activity of artificial honey (sugars only). There was a significant correlation between the overall antibacterial activity and H2O2 content of honey samples. However, in some cases, honey samples exhibited high antibacterial activity while generating low levels of H2O2 and vice versa. Honey samples from local beekeepers showed superior antibacterial activity compared to medical-grade honeys. The antibacterial activity of honey can be easily altered by adulteration, thermal treatment or prolonged storage, and therefore it fulfils strict criteria to be suitable new additional quality standard.

Osseointegration of Extremity Prostheses: A Primer for the Plastic Surgeon.

Interest in amputation surgery has increased in conjunction with rising public awareness about amputee care. To date, plastic surgeons have impacted the quality of life and functional potential of amputees through novel strategies for sensory feedback and prosthesis control and various techniques for neuroma treatment and prevention. Osseointegration, which involves the direct skeletal attachment of a prosthesis to bone, has the ability to further maximize amputee function. There exists a critical role for plastic surgeons to help optimize techniques for extremity osseointegration through improved wound care and soft-tissue management. An overview of current osseointegrated prostheses and their associated limitations, and potential avenues through which plastic surgeons can help mitigate these challenges, are discussed in this article.

Relationship between Wound Severity, Discomfort, and Psychological Problems in Patients with a Diabetic Foot Ulcer in Indonesia: A Cross-sectional Study

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to identify the relationship between wound severity, discomfort, and psychological problems in patients with a diabetic foot ulcer in Indonesia. Methods: A cross-sectional study is conducted in three general hospitals and one clinic in Indonesia. The Bates-Jensen wound assessment tool (BWAT), the discomfort evaluation of wound instrument (DEWI), and the depression, anxiety, and stress scale (DASS) are used to measure the variables of interest. Path analysis is performed to evaluate the association between wound severity, discomfort, and psychological problems. Results: Of 140 patients with diabetic foot ulcers who joined this study, the majority experienced immobilization (74.3 %), pain (69.3 %), and sleep disturbance (63.6 %). The means were as follows: discomfort (2.35 ± 0.33), depression (1.34 ± 0.41), stress (1.49 ± 0.48), anxiety (1.43 ± 0.40), and wound severity (31.35 ± 9.96). Discomfort partially mediated the relationship between wound severity and psychological problems, which indirect effect was 0.11. Conclusion: High prevalence of discomfort, both physical and psychological, was found in patients with a diabetic foot ulcer. Discomfort mediates the relationship between wound severity and psychological problems. Integrating comfort into wound care management may help to reduce the psychological burden.

Evidence for person-centred care in chronic wound care: A systematic review and recommendations for practice.

Chronic wounds affect an estimated 2.21 per 1000 population. They are a significant source of morbidity and affect individuals physically, psychologically, socially and financially. Person-centered care is one approach to improve patient outcomes in wound care as it values patients' perspectives, beliefs and autonomy and considers the person as a whole within the cultural context in which care is provided. We aimed to review the evidence on the use of person-centered care (PCC) in chronic wound care management and provide recommendations for practice and future research. Using a systematic review methodology, we searched six databases for full-text papers from 2009-2019 published in peer-reviewed journals with no limits on language. Eighteen articles on studies involving 3149 patients from nine countries were identified. Studies were conducted under three broad intervention categories: healthcare professional education (n=1); patient education (n=14) and telemedicine (n=3). Studies were equally focused on prevention and treatment of chronic wounds. Significant improvements were reported in patient knowledge, pain and self-care behaviours. Only two studies evaluated the impact on wound healing and one study estimated the cost of implementing person-centered care. The evidence base to support PCC in wound management is developing and based on our review has shown improved outcomes in areas of pressure ulcer prevention, patient satisfaction, patient knowledge and quality of life, but clinical outcomes such as wound healing were less well explored. Further research with more objective outcome measures are required.

Foot care practices among Diabetologists in India: A descriptive study by the Diabetic Foot Research India

Evidence regarding the foot care practices among practitioners is still scarce in the Indian scenario. This study aimed at assessing the foot care practices among diabetologists from various parts of the country. A cross-sectional online survey was conducted among diabetologists, to understand their foot care practices across India, who were part of Diabetic Foot Research India (DFRI) and have participated in the study. In a total of 89 participants, majority of the diabetologists examined patients with a history of foot infection once in 3 months (53%), 128 Hz tuning fork has been used for diagnosis of high-risk foot (31%), majority of patients were advised to use TCC by diabetologists (73%), and footwear was manufactured by qualified orthotist and prosthetics (60%). The foot problems commonly treated by diabetologists are cellulitis (26%) followed by callus (24%). Patients were also referred to other specialists (69%); almost all the participants used antibiotics (95%), and medication and wound care management (29%) were also a part of their practice. The diabetologists displayed a multidisciplinary approach to the treatment and management of foot care practices among patients with foot complications. It is imperative to establish effective communication between diabetologists and/or other practitioners to generate sufficient evidence to determine the foot care practices throughout the country.

The Potential of Silver Nanoparticles for Antiviral and Antibacterial Applications: A Mechanism of Action.

Rapid development of nanotechnology has been in high demand, especially for silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) since they have been proven to be useful in various fields such as medicine, textiles, and household appliances. AgNPs are very important because of their unique physicochemical and antimicrobial properties, with a myriad of activities that are applicable in various fields, including wound care management. This review aimed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of AgNPs that are responsible for their antiviral properties and their antibacterial activity towards the microorganisms. AgNPs can be synthesized through three different methods—physical, chemical, and biological synthesis—as indicated in this review. The applications and limitations of the AgNPs such as their cytotoxicity towards humans and the environment, will be discussed. Based on the literature search obtained, the properties of AgNPs scrutinizing the antibacterial or antiviral effect shown different interaction towards bacteria which dependent on the synthesis processes followed by the morphological structure of AgNPs.

A Comparative Study between Silver Based Dressing and Vacuum Dressing in Management of Diabetic Foot Infection

For centuries silver was presented to the population as an active ingredient for sanitation and food protection against bacteria but in these recent years it has been introduced for wound care management as antibacterial agent. Vacuum dressing is a new technique of dressing Also called Negative-pressure wound therapy [NPWT] using a device to make continuous suction over an open wound decreasing edema and secretions, promotes healing and granulation tissue fast growing. We aimed to compare between silver based dressing and vacuum dressing in management of diabetic foot infection 50 Patients ages from 50-65 years old having diabetic foot Infection, on insulin injections and undergoing treatment. All patients had prober surgical debridement and wound irrigation using normal saline 0.9% and povidone iodine, then they will be subdivided into 2 groups those in the first group will have silver containing ointment afterward. The second group will have silver based dressing using vacuum dressing. There were no difference between the two groups in healing percentage [84%] in the two groups and number of patients needed higher amputation were equal in both groups 3 cases in each group [16%], although there was significance difference in wound size at the end of the study between silver group and vacuum group and rate of healing which was more rapid in the vacuum group. we conclude that vacuum dressing has good healing power and more effective than silver dressing in management of diabetic foot infection. It decreases time needed for wound healing and hospital stay better than silver dressing.

Negative Pressure Wound Therapy Can Prevent Surgical Site Infections Following Sternal and Rib Fixation in Trauma Patients: Experience From a Single-Institution Cohort Study.

The management of patients with traumatic injuries can be a challenge. Many require surgical intervention, are at an increased risk of surgical site infections (SSIs), and have an associated increase in hospital length of stay and cost. Closed-incision negative pressure therapy (ciNPT) has shown benefits in the management of certain surgical sites by preventing infection and improving wound healing. In the setting of chest wall reconstruction after traumatic sternal and/or rib fractures, no study so far has examined the efficacy of this treatment. We report a single-center retrospective cohort study, examining outcomes using ciNPT following rib and sternal fixation in trauma patients. Data on 71 patients who suffered from rib and/or sternal fractures, requiring surgical intervention, were collected over a time period of three years, from December 2016 to December 2019. The patient population was 66% male (47/71), had a mean age of 63.3 years (range 23-90 years old), and suffered from injuries related to motor vehicle or motorcycle accidents (45/71, 63%). Among the patients treated with ciNPT, none developed signs of SSIs during their initial hospitalization or within two months post-discharge follow-up. Negative pressure therapy is an effective wound care management system for preventing infections in closed-incision sites following chest wall reconstruction.

Innovations in Infection Prevention and Treatment.

Background: Patients with large, acute burn injuries are a major challenge for clinicians. The loss of skin barrier protection against micro-organisms combined with the induced immunosuppression after burn injury makes this population especially vulnerable to infection. For burn-injured patients who survive immediate management considerations and burn resuscitation after acute injury, sepsis remains the primary cause of death. The purpose of this article is to describe current strategies and innovations in burn sepsis prevention and management. Methods: This work reviews the current understanding of the systemic inflammatory response to burn injury and burn sepsis as well as current strategies in insolation and infection prevention, newer burn unit design strategies in the context of infection prevention, and novel therapies being considered in topical antimicrobial wound care management. Results: A review of burn sepsis is key to understanding current paradigms and innovation in burn management and prevention. Key management principles begin from the time of injury and persist throughout the patient's hospital course. This includes use of personal protective equipment, burn unit design considerations, and knowledge of critical care principles such as central venous catheter management strategies. Innovations on wound dressing types, forms, and use have been key to better controlling burn wound sepsis and improving wound healing. Products incorporating nanotechnology, novel anions, oxygen, and even light have been key to introducing previously unconsidered methods to fight or prevent infection. Conclusion: Understanding the pathophysiology and source identification of sepsis from burn wounds has been a key contributor in developing innovative prevention and therapeutic strategies in burn management. The emergence of drug-resistant pathogens and the difficulty of systemic antibiotic agents to reach poorly vascularized wounds have further reinforced the need to anticipate management strategies moving forward. A proactive, multidisciplinary approach is necessary to minimize the morbidity and mortality associated with infection control.

A review on wound management with special reference to nanotechnology

Management of wound care mainly depends upon the advancement of innovative and effective wound care product to achieve speedy recovery and minimising scar formation. Wound healing management has been always an interesting field of research till date due to serious need for new wound treatment. Appropriate wound care is a significant challenge because of the complications associated with wounds as well as low permeability through the skin. The interconnected events of wound healing occur simultaneously to restore the tissue integrity and functions of the cells. Wound healing gets hampered by numerous factors. These physiological events occur easily in normal human being, but in some situations these molecular events are affected, resulting in hard to heal/ chronic wounds. In current years nanotechnology has emerged as an exciting field with several applications in skin regeneration. These nanoscale delivery systems have numerous benefits in the healing process such as decrease in drug’s cytotoxicity, administration of poorly water-soluble drugs, better skin permeation, controlled release behaviour, antimicrobial activity, as well as stimulation of fibroblast proliferation and reduced inflammation. Thus, emerged as an effective strategy and approach for the treatment of chronic wounds. This review briefly discusses about the wounds, characteristics of an ideal wound dressings along with a special mention regarding the several strategies of wound healing by nanotechnology with their functions and advantages.

Incorporation of phytochemicals into electrospun scaffolds for wound-healing applications in vitro and in vivo

Despite advances in wound treatment, wound-associated infections and delayed healing still remains an ‘unmet clinical need’. The present treatment modalities include topical application of ointments and perhaps it may better be substituted by phytochemical incorporated nanofibers which increases wound-healing efficiency and reduce risk of infections. Hence, the aim of this study was to synthesise Areca catechu–incorporated polycaprolactone scaffolds for wound-healing applications. In this study, the tender nut of Areca catechu plant was collected and extracted with ethanol using the maceration technique. The presence of various active phytochemical constituents of ethanolic fraction of Areca catechu like phenol, flavonoid, tannin and alkaloid were identified qualitatively and estimated quantitatively. Areca catechu incorporated 10%w/w polycaprolactone scaffolds were fabricated by electrospinning technique and characterised physico-chemically by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope analysis. In vitro cytotoxicity analysis was evaluated with L929 fibroblasts and in vivo wound-healing studies using rat models for both polycaprolactone and Areca catechu–incorporated polycaprolactone scaffolds. Extract of Areca catechu exhibited antioxidant properties and antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Psuedomonus aeru ginosa. Scanning electron microscope image revealed the nanofibrous structural morphology of Areca catechu–incorporated polycaprolactone and polycaprolactone with average diameter of 350 and 399 nm, respectively. The characteristic peak of Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy depicted the presence of biomolecules and detection of functional groups confirming the incorporation of Areca catechu into the polycaprolactone scaffold. Furthermore, cells were cytocompatible with 85% viability over Areca catechu–incorporated polycaprolactone scaffolds, and wounds treated with Areca catechu–incorporated polycaprolactone healed faster with a significant difference in the wound area than polycaprolactone controls. The phytochemical-incorporated polycaprolactone scaffolds with antioxidant, antimicrobial, biocompatible and wound-healing properties is proposed to be an indigenous approach towards wound care management globally and seems to be better and cost-effective wound dressings.

Burns in the Elderly: Potential Role of Stem Cells.

Burns in the elderly continue to be a challenge despite advances in burn wound care management. Elderly burn patients continue to have poor outcomes compared to the younger population. This is secondary to changes in the quality of the aged skin, leading to impaired wound healing, aggravated immunologic and inflammatory responses, and age-related comorbidities. Considering the fast-growing elderly population, it is imperative to understand the anatomic, physiologic, and molecular changes of the aging skin and the mechanisms involved in their wound healing process to prevent complications associated with burn wounds. Various studies have shown that stem cell-based therapies improve the rate and quality of wound healing and skin regeneration; however, the focus is on the younger population. In this paper, we start with an anatomical, physiological and molecular dissection of the elderly skin to understand why wound healing is delayed. We then review the potential use of stem cells in elderly burn wounds, as well as the mechanisms by which mesenchymal stem cell (MSCs)-based therapies may impact burn wound healing in the elderly. MSCs improve burn wound healing by stimulating and augmenting growth factor secretion and cell proliferation, and by modulating the impaired elderly immune response. MSCs can be used to expedite healing in superficial partial thickness burns and donor site wounds, improve graft take and prevent graft breakdown.

A Comparative study of Debridement done at Emergency Complex and Operating Room as an Initial Management of Low Velocity Gunshot Wound

Objectives: To compare the results if debridement and delayed wound closure done at emergency is sufficient to the gold standard debridement procedure as an initial management in low velocity gunshot wound Material and Method : A retrospective study conducted at a tertiary center for which data were collected from the record section after the approval of the Chief of the medical record section. The demographic information of patients with low velocity gunshot wound were collected and reconfirmed from the department of orthopedics daily census sheet and follow-ups from outpatient department database. The Charts from 2007-2010 were reviewed and information were extracted. Result : The majority of the patients were from age group 20-39. The average mean age is 31.11. The male numbers were higher than female i.e. 94.44% and 5.56% respectively. The femur was involved higher percentage than the tibia-fibula in the term of gunshot wound 58.33% and 41.67% respectively. The results showed no significant difference between terms of infection markers (White blood cell, C-reactive protein), hospital stay, fixation time with infection and infection rate. The infection rate seen was 7.32% and 6.45% respectively in the cases which were operated at Emergency complex and operating room. Comparing the two procedures in terms of cost, debridement done at emergency room has the advantage over procedure done at operating room since it’s cost effective. Conclusion: The procedure was comparable in terms of wound care management; infection rate; hospital stay and cost and also the result showed that local debridement and delayed wound care can be done as an initial management to treat the low velocity GSW.

Healing Effect of Vicenin-2 (VCN-2) on Human Dermal Fibroblast (HDF) and Development VCN-2 Hydrocolloid Film Based on Alginate as Potential Wound Dressing.

Chronic wounds represent serious globally health care and economic issues especially for patients with hyperglycemic condition. Wound dressings have a predominant function in wound treatment; however, the dressings for the long-lasting and non-healing wounds are still a significant challenge in the wound care management market. Astonishingly, advanced wound dressing which is embedded with a synthetic drug compound in a natural polymer compound that acts as drug release carrier has brought about promising treatment effect toward injured wound. In the current study, results have shown that Vicenin-2 (VCN-2) compound in low concentration significantly enhanced cell proliferation and migration of HDF. It also regulated the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α from HDF in wound repair. Treatment of VCN-2 also has facilitated the expression of TGF-1β and VEGF wound healing maker in a dose-dependent manner. A hydrocolloid film based on sodium alginate (SA) incorporated with VCN-2 synthetic compound which targets to promote wound healing particularly in diabetic condition was successfully developed and optimized for its physico-chemical properties. It was discovered that all the fabricated film formulations prepared were smooth, translucent, and good with flexibility. The thickness and weight of the formulations were also found to be uniform. The hydrophilic polymer comprised of VCN-2 were shown to possess desirable wound dressing properties and superior mechanical characteristics. The drug release profiles have revealed hydrocolloid film, which is able to control and sustain the VCN-2 released to wound area. In short, hydrocolloid films consisting of VCN-2 formulations are suitably used as a potential wound dressing to promote restoration of wound injury.